• 夜よる
  • ·night; evening
  • ·dinner
  N5
• 面白いおもしろい
  • ·interesting; fascinating; intriguing; enthralling
  • ·amusing; funny; comical
  • ·enjoyable; fun; entertaining; pleasant; agreeable
  • ·good; satisfactory; favourable; desirable; encouraging
  N5
• いうAs it appears here: いいました
  • ·to say; to utter; to declare
  • ·to name; to call
  • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
  N5
• いるAs it appears here: います
  • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
  • ·to stay
  • ·to be ...-ing
  • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
  N5
• 悪いわるいAs it appears here: 悪く
  • ·bad; poor; undesirable
  • ·poor (quality); inferior; insufficient
  • ·evil; sinful
  • ·ugly; not beautiful
  • ·at fault; to blame; in the wrong
  • ·bad (at doing something)
  • ·unprofitable; unbeneficial
  • ·sorry; (my) bad; unforgivable
  N5
• しかし
  • ·however; but
  N5
• その
  • ·that; the
  • ·part (as in "part two")
  • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
  N5
• この
  • ·this
  • ·last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this
  • ·you (as in "you liar")
  N5
• 早いはやいAs it appears here: 早く
  • ·fast; quick; rapid; swift; speedy; brisk; prompt
  • ·early; soon; earlier than usual
  • ·premature; too soon; too early
  • ·easy; simple; quick; fast
  • ·as soon as ...; the moment ...; the instant ...
  N5
• 食べるたべるAs it appears here: 食べて
  • ·to eat
  • ·to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
  N5
• 学校がっこう
  • ·school
  N5
• 行くいくAs it appears here: 行き
  • ·to go; to move (towards); to head (towards); to leave (for)
  • ·to move through; to travel across; to walk along (e.g. a road)
  • ·to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to turn out; to get along
  • ·to do (in a particular way); to go (with; a choice); to try
  • ·to pass (of time, seasons, etc.); to go by
  • ·to stream; to flow
  • ·to die; to pass away
  • ·to reach (a stage, extent, age, etc.); to get to; to go (so far as ...)
  • ·to reach (of information, instructions, wind, etc.); to arrive
  • ·to continue ...; to go on ...; to (progress) steadily; to gradually ...; to progressively ...
  • ·to have an orgasm; to come; to cum
  • ·to trip; to get high; to have a drug-induced hallucination
  N5
• いう
  • ·to say; to utter; to declare
  • ·to name; to call
  • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
  N5
• くるAs it appears here: き
  • ·to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive
  • ·to come back; to do ... and come back
  • ·to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue
  • ·to come from; to be caused by; to derive from
  • ·to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")
  N5
• 悪いわるい
  • ·bad; poor; undesirable
  • ·poor (quality); inferior; insufficient
  • ·evil; sinful
  • ·ugly; not beautiful
  • ·at fault; to blame; in the wrong
  • ·bad (at doing something)
  • ·unprofitable; unbeneficial
  • ·sorry; (my) bad; unforgivable
  N5
• うるさい
  • ·noisy; loud
  • ·annoying; troublesome; tiresome; persistent; importunate
  • ·fussy; finicky; picky; particular; nagging; fastidious; bossy
  • ·shut up; be quiet
  N5
• 答えるこたえる
  • ·to answer; to reply
  N5
• 一いち
  • ·one; 1
  • ·best
  • ·first; foremost
  • ·beginning; start
  • ·a (single); one (of many)
  • ·ace
  • ·bottom string (on a shamisen, etc.)
  N5
• これ
  • ·this; this one
  • ·this person
  • ·now; this point (in time)
  • ·here
  • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
  • ·I; me
  N5
• 歌ううたう
  • ·to sing
  • ·to sing of (love, beauty, etc.) in a poem; to express in the form of a poem; to recite (a poem)
  N5
• くに
  • ·country; state
  • ·region
  • ·national government; central government
  • ·home (i.e. hometown, home country)
  • ·province (of Japan)
  • ·land; earth
  N5
• 私わたし
  • ·I; me
  N5
• するAs it appears here: しました
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• いうAs it appears here: いわれた
  • ·to say; to utter; to declare
  • ·to name; to call
  • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
  N5
• なん
  • ·what
  • ·how many
  • ·many; a lot of
  • ·several; a few; some
  N5
• 言葉ことば
  • ·language; dialect
  • ·word; phrase; expression; term
  • ·speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language
  • ·words; remark; statement; comment
  • ·learning to speak; language acquisition
  N5
• する
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• 歌うた
  • ·song; singing
  • ·classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka)
  • ·modern poetry
  N5
• 返すかえすAs it appears here: 返した
  • ·to return (something); to restore; to put back
  • ·to turn over; to turn upside down; to overturn
  • ·to pay back; to retaliate; to reciprocate
  • ·to respond (with); to retort; to reply; to say back
  • ·to do ... back (e.g. speak back, throw back)
  • ·to do again; to do repeatedly
  N5
• それ
  • ·that; it
  • ·then; that point (in time); that time
  • ·there
  • ·you
  N5
• するAs it appears here: させて
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• できる
  • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
  • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
  • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
  • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
  • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
  • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
  • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
  • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
  • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
  • ·to get pregnant
  N5
• もつAs it appears here: もちました
  • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
  • ·to possess; to have; to own
  • ·to maintain; to keep
  • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
  • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
  • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
  • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
  N5
• いくAs it appears here: いかない
  • ·to go; to move (towards); to head (towards); to leave (for)
  • ·to move through; to travel across; to walk along (e.g. a road)
  • ·to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to turn out; to get along
  • ·to do (in a particular way); to go (with; a choice); to try
  • ·to pass (of time, seasons, etc.); to go by
  • ·to stream; to flow
  • ·to die; to pass away
  • ·to reach (a stage, extent, age, etc.); to get to; to go (so far as ...)
  • ·to reach (of information, instructions, wind, etc.); to arrive
  • ·to continue ...; to go on ...; to (progress) steadily; to gradually ...; to progressively ...
  • ·to have an orgasm; to come; to cum
  • ·to trip; to get high; to have a drug-induced hallucination
  N5
• 女性じょせい
  • ·woman; female
  • ·feminine gender
  N4
• 彼女かのじょ
  • ·she; her
  • ·girlfriend
  N4
• 息子むすこ
  • ·son
  • ·penis
  N4
• ふつう
  • ·normal; ordinary; regular; usual; common; average
  • ·normally; ordinarily; usually; generally; commonly
  • ·local train; train that stops at every station
  N4
• 最近さいきん
  • ·recently; lately; these days; nowadays; right now
  • ·nearest; closest
  N4
• コこ
  • ·child; kid; teenager; youngster; young (non-adult) person
  • ·(one's) child; offspring
  • ·young woman
  • ·young (animal)
  • ·offshoot
  • ·interest
  • ·new share
  • ·player who is not a dealer
  • ·young geisha; young prostitute
  • ·bird egg
  • ·-er (often of young women)
  N4
• それで
  • ·so; therefore; and; (and) then
  N4
• こう
  • ·in this way; like this; so; thus
  • ·this (much); so
  • ·uh; er; mm; well
  N4
• 以上いじょう
  • ·not less than ...; ... and over; ... and above; ... and upwards; ... or more
  • ·beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; more than; further than
  • ·the above; the above-mentioned; the aforementioned; the foregoing
  • ·since ...; seeing that ...; now that ...; once ...
  • ·that's all; that is the end; the end
  N4
• 点てん
  • ·dot; spot; point; speck; mark
  • ·mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; score; points
  • ·point (in a game); score; goal; run
  • ·point
  • ·point; aspect; matter; detail; part; respect; way; viewpoint
  • ·(punctuation) mark (e.g. comma, period, decimal point); dot
  • ·"dot" stroke (in a Chinese character)
  • ·counter for points, marks, goals, etc.
  • ·counter for goods, items, articles of clothing, works of art, etc.
  N4
• こと
  • ·thing; matter
  • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
  • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
  • ·work; business; affair
  • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
  • ·nominalizing suffix
  • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
  • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
  • ·necessity; need
  • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
  N3
• 母親ははおや
  • ·mother
  N3
• とき
  • ·time; hour; moment
  • ·occasion; case
  • ·chance; opportunity; season
  • ·the times; the age; the day
  • ·tense
  N3
• のせるAs it appears here: のせて
  • ·to place on (something)
  • ·to give (someone) a ride; to give a lift; to pick up; to help on board
  • ·to load (luggage); to carry; to take on board
  • ·to send out (on the airwaves, etc.)
  • ·to deceive; to take for a ride
  • ·to (sing) along with (musical accompaniment)
  • ·to let (someone) take part
  • ·to excite (someone)
  • ·to publish (an article); to run (an ad)
  N3
• よう
  • ·appearing ...; looking ...
  • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
  • ·form; style; design
  • ·like; similar to
  • ·thing (thought or spoken)
  N3
• 食卓しょくたく
  • ·dining table
  N3
• 感心かんしん
  • ·admiration; being impressed
  • ·admirable; praiseworthy
  • ·astonishment; being appalled
  N3
• まず
  • ·first (of all); firstly; to begin with; before anything else
  • ·probably; most likely; almost certainly; virtually
  • ·more or less (satisfactory); on the whole; reasonably
  • ·anyway; at any rate; for now (at least); for the time being
  N3
• 相手あいて
  • ·companion; partner; company
  • ·other party; addressee; counterparty
  • ·opponent (sports, etc.)
  N3
• よろしいAs it appears here: よろしく
  • ·good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do; may; can
  N3
• 自身じしん
  • ·(one's) self; oneself; yourself; himself; herself
  N3
• 心理しんり
  • ·state of mind; mentality; psychology
  N3
• 分析ぶんせき
  • ·analysis
  N3
• 出版しゅっぱん
  • ·publication
  N3
• 受け止めるうけとめるAs it appears here: 受け止めた
  • ·to catch; to stop the blow
  • ·to react to; to take (advice, etc.); to accept; to come to grips with
  N1
• 身振りみぶり
  • ·gesture; gesticulation; motion
  N1
• 受け止めるうけとめる
  • ·to catch; to stop the blow
  • ·to react to; to take (advice, etc.); to accept; to come to grips with
  N1

Example sentences are translated by AI.

• ということだN3

  Reports hearsay or states a conclusion drawn from what precedes — 'I hear that…' / 'that is to say / it amounts to…'.

  「ふつう」ということです。

  In other words, it is “normal.”

• というN34 times in this passage

  Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

  しかしその「ふつう」の親子関係でも、最近では息子が母親に平気で、「このタコ」などというそうです。

  Yet even in that “normal” parent-child relationship, lately her son apparently has no qualms about saying things to his mother like, “You octopus.”

• と言うと（というと）N3

  'Speaking of…' / 'when it comes to…' — takes up a topic just mentioned and continues from it.

  などというと、きげんが悪いときは、

  When she says something like that, if he is in a bad mood, he will

• に対してN3

  Marks the target or object an action is directed at, or sets up a contrast between two things, 'toward / with regard to / in contrast to'.

  これに対して息子は、ハーッとため息をつくも素直に食卓につくそうです。

  In response, her son lets out a long sigh but then obediently sits down at the table.

• ような気がするN3

  Expresses a vague subjective hunch or impression that something is the case — 'I get the feeling that…', 'it seems like…'.

  これ以上の回答はないような気がするのです。

  I feel there could hardly have been a better response.

• によって/によるN3

  Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

  それによって母親自身が「夕コ」という侮蔑の言葉を、心理的に体内で溶解させて受け止めることができる。

  In this way, the mother herself can take in the insulting word “octopus” by psychologically dissolving it within herself.

• 的（てき）N3

  A suffix turning a noun into a na-adjective meaning "relating to / -like / -ical" (一般的, 科学的).

  それによって母親自身が「夕コ」という侮蔑の言葉を、心理的に体内で溶解させて受け止めることができる。

  In this way, the mother herself can take in the insulting word “octopus” by psychologically dissolving it within herself.

• などN42 times in this passage

  Lists one or more representative items and implies others of the same kind exist — 'and so on / etc. / such as'.

  しかしその「ふつう」の親子関係でも、最近では息子が母親に平気で、「このタコ」などというそうです。

  Yet even in that “normal” parent-child relationship, lately her son apparently has no qualms about saying things to his mother like, “You octopus.”

• なさいN4

  Attaches to a verb stem to give a firm but gentle command, 'do ~ / please do ~' (typically from a superior to an inferior, e.g. parent to child).

  「早く食べて学校へ行きなさい」

  “Hurry up and eat, then go to school.”

• ときN4

  Marks the time at which something happens — "when X, Y."

  などというと、きげんが悪いときは、

  When she says something like that, if he is in a bad mood, he will

• ように / ようなN4

  Likens or exemplifies one thing by another, "like / as / similar to (a)".

  タコのように手足をくにゃくにゃさせながら。

  All the while, she wiggles her arms and legs like an octopus.

• ようだN4

  Expresses conjecture or resemblance drawn from evidence, "it seems / looks like".

  平凡な親子の一風景のようですが、②私は彼女のこの受け答えに感心しました。

  It may seem like an ordinary scene between parent and child, but ②I was impressed by the way she responded.

• かもしれないN4

  Expresses possibility or conjecture — 'might', 'maybe', 'perhaps'.

  そして、字面にするとうまく伝わらないかもしれませんが、身振りよろしく歌にのせて返したということ。

  And although it may not come across well in writing, she responds in song, accompanied by expressive gestures.

• ということN4

  Nominalizes a whole statement into a noun — 'the fact that', 'it means that'.

  そして、字面にするとうまく伝わらないかもしれませんが、身振りよろしく歌にのせて返したということ。

  And although it may not come across well in writing, she responds in song, accompanied by expressive gestures.

• たらN4

  Conditional/temporal ending on the plain-past stem meaning that once or if the first action happens, the second follows ('if / once / when ... then').

  これは勝手な心理分析ですが、このやりとりがケータイメールで なされたら、③こうはいかないでしょう。

  This is merely my own speculative psychological analysis, but if this exchange had taken place through mobile-phone email, ③it probably would not have worked this way.

• がいますN5

  States the existence or presence of a living thing (person or animal) — "there is / (someone) is (here)".

  彼女には中学生の息子がいます。

  She has a son who is in junior high school.

• しかしN5

  Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

  しかしその「ふつう」の親子関係でも、最近では息子が母親に平気で、「このタコ」などというそうです。

  Yet even in that “normal” parent-child relationship, lately her son apparently has no qualms about saying things to his mother like, “You octopus.”

• だ / ですN57 times in this passage

  The copula linking a noun or na-adjective to the subject — plain だ / polite です, 'is/am/are'.

  しかしその「ふつう」の親子関係でも、最近では息子が母親に平気で、「このタコ」などというそうです。

  Yet even in that “normal” parent-child relationship, lately her son apparently has no qualms about saying things to his mother like, “You octopus.”

• そしてN5

  Additive/sequential conjunction joining clauses, 'and / and then'.

  そして、字面にするとうまく伝わらないかもしれませんが、身振りよろしく歌にのせて返したということ。

  And although it may not come across well in writing, she responds in song, accompanied by expressive gestures.

• にするN5

  To decide on or turn something into a given state or choice, 'to make it ~ / to go with ~.'

  そして、字面にするとうまく伝わらないかもしれませんが、身振りよろしく歌にのせて返したということ。

  And although it may not come across well in writing, she responds in song, accompanied by expressive gestures.

• 〜ことができるN5

  States that someone is able to do something — “can do” / “is able to do”.

  それによって母親自身が「夕コ」という侮蔑の言葉を、心理的に体内で溶解させて受け止めることができる。

  In this way, the mother herself can take in the insulting word “octopus” by psychologically dissolving it within herself.

• だろうN5

  Presumptive expressing conjecture — 'probably', 'I think', or seeking agreement 'right?'; plain だろう / polite でしょう.

  これは勝手な心理分析ですが、このやりとりがケータイメールで なされたら、③こうはいかないでしょう。

  This is merely my own speculative psychological analysis, but if this exchange had taken place through mobile-phone email, ③it probably would not have worked this way.