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N2 · Upper intermediateMedium passagePassage #723
2

ぶんことしてぢかひとはなときちゅうしょうてきひょうげんしても、あいにはことピンと(注1)ことおおはずです。「1」ことつねたいてきこれたいせつです

どうしてもつたことあるしかしわかりやすくひょうげんできないそんなときは、つたないようしめたいてきれいないかな、とかんがみるです

ちゅうりゃく

あなただれはなきたかんがくださいこのときあなたいるひとまえや、おこなことあるまえくると、おもはなし(注2)ことあるはずですことないくにめいきてそのくにかかもんだいてんも、「だからどうしたの」と「2」かえたくなるかもしれません

「3」かいは、あいさんしてくれてこそせいりつしますだったらあいだいざいりょうひつようですそれが、たいれいなのですあるいはたがよくいるゆうめいなのです

いけがみあきらあいに「つたはなかたによる

ちゅう1)ピンとすぐには

ちゅう2)はなしはなしきょうかん

Questions

0/3 answered
  1. 1「1」言いたいことは常に具体的にの後に続くと予測されるものはどれか。
  2. 2「2」聞き返したくなるのはなぜか。
  3. 3「3」会話は相手が参加してくれてこそ成立しますとはどういう意味か。

Study this passage

Vocabulary3 words
  • 地名ちめい
    • ·place name; toponym
    N2
  • 成立せいりつ
    • ·formation; establishment; materialization; coming into existence
    • ·conclusion (e.g. of a deal); reaching (e.g. an agreement); approval; completion; closing; enacting; arrangement
    • ·being valid (of a theory, argument, etc.); holding; applying
    N2
  • 伝わるつたわる
    • ·to spread (of a rumour, news, etc.); to travel; to circulate; to go around; to be passed around; to become known
    • ·to be handed down (from generation to generation); to be passed down
    • ·to be introduced (to a country, region, etc.); to be brought; to come
    • ·to be conveyed (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to be felt; to come across
    • ·to travel (of sound, electricity, etc.); to propagate; to be conducted; to be transmitted
    • ·to go along; to move along
    N2
Other levels62 words
  • 自分じぶん
    • ·myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself
    • ·I; me
    • ·you
    N5
  • 言葉ことば
    • ·language; dialect
    • ·word; phrase; expression; term
    • ·speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language
    • ·words; remark; statement; comment
    • ·learning to speak; language acquisition
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • ひと
    • ·person; someone; somebody
    • ·human beings; mankind; man; people; humans
    • ·human (Homo sapiens)
    • ·(other) people; others
    • ·character; personality; nature
    • ·capable person; competent person; suitable person; right person
    • ·adult; grown-up
    • ·I; me; one
    N5
  • 何のどの
    • ·which; what (way)
    N5
  • 来るくるAs it appears here: 来ない
    • ·to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive
    • ·to come back; to do ... and come back
    • ·to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue
    • ·to come from; to be caused by; to derive from
    • ·to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")
    N5
  • 多いおおい
    • ·many; numerous; a lot
    • ·large amount of; large quantity of; a lot; much
    • ·frequent; common
    N5
  • 言ういうAs it appears here: 言いたい
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • 大切たいせつ
    • ·important; significant; serious; crucial
    • ·precious; valuable; dear; cherished; beloved
    • ·careful
    N5
  • ある
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • しかし
    • ·however; but
    N5
  • わかるAs it appears here: わかり
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow
    • ·to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized (realised); to be found out; to make sense
    • ·I know!; I think so too!
    N5
  • できるAs it appears here: できない
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • あなた
    • ·you
    • ·dear; honey
    N5
  • 誰かだれか
    • ·someone; somebody
    N5
  • この
    • ·this
    • ·last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this
    • ·you (as in "you liar")
    N5
  • 知るしるAs it appears here: 知って
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • 名前なまえ
    • ·name
    • ·given name; first name
    N5
  • 出るでるAs it appears here: 出て
    • ·to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out
    • ·to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out
    • ·to move forward
    • ·to come to; to get to; to lead to; to reach
    • ·to appear; to come out; to emerge; to surface; to come forth; to turn up; to be found; to be detected; to be discovered; to be exposed; to show; to be exhibited; to be on display
    • ·to appear (in print); to be published; to be announced; to be issued; to be listed; to come out
    • ·to attend; to participate; to take part; to enter (an event); to play in; to perform
    • ·to be stated; to be expressed; to come up; to be brought up; to be raised
    • ·to sell
    • ·to exceed; to go over
    • ·to stick out; to protrude
    • ·to break out; to occur; to start; to originate
    • ·to be produced
    • ·to come from; to be derived from
    • ·to be given; to get; to receive; to be offered; to be provided; to be presented; to be submitted; to be handed in; to be turned in; to be paid
    • ·to answer (phone, door, etc.); to get
    • ·to assume (an attitude); to act; to behave
    • ·to pick up (speed, etc.); to gain
    • ·to flow (e.g. tears); to run; to bleed
    • ·to graduate
    • ·to ejaculate; to cum
    N5
  • はなし
    • ·talk; speech; chat; conversation
    • ·topic; subject
    • ·discussions; negotiation; argument
    • ·rumor; talk; hearsay
    • ·tale; story; fable
    • ·circumstances; particulars
    N5
  • 聞くきくAs it appears here: 聞いた
    • ·to hear
    • ·to listen (e.g. to music)
    • ·to ask; to enquire; to query
    • ·to hear about; to hear of; to learn of
    • ·to follow (advice, order, etc.); to obey; to listen to; to comply with
    • ·to hear (e.g. a plea); to grant (a request); to accept (e.g. an argument); to give consideration to
    • ·to smell (esp. incense); to sample (a fragrance)
    • ·to taste (alcohol); to try
    N5
  • くに
    • ·country; state
    • ·region
    • ·national government; central government
    • ·home (i.e. hometown, home country)
    • ·province (of Japan)
    • ·land; earth
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • どう
    • ·how; in what way; how about
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: した
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • なる
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: します
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • よく
    • ·nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully
    • ·frequently; often
    • ·I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
    • ·(you have) quite the nerve to; I don't know how you can ...
    N5
  • 分かるわかるAs it appears here: 分からない
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow
    • ·to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized (realised); to be found out; to make sense
    • ·I know!; I think so too!
    N5
  • 聞くきく
    • ·to hear
    • ·to listen (e.g. to music)
    • ·to ask; to enquire; to query
    • ·to hear about; to hear of; to learn of
    • ·to follow (advice, order, etc.); to obey; to listen to; to comply with
    • ·to hear (e.g. a plea); to grant (a request); to accept (e.g. an argument); to give consideration to
    • ·to smell (esp. incense); to sample (a fragrance)
    • ·to taste (alcohol); to try
    N5
  • 気持ちきもち
    • ·feeling; sensation; mood; state of mind
    • ·preparedness; readiness; attitude
    • ·thought; sentiment; consideration; solicitude; gratitude
    • ·slightly; a bit; a little
    N4
  • はず
    • ·should (be); bound (to be); expected (to be); must (be)
    • ·nock (of a bow)
    • ·nock (of an arrow)
    • ·nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger)
    • ·wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
    N4
  • 伝えるつたえるAs it appears here: 伝えたい
    • ·to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart; to propagate; to teach; to bequeath
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考えて
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 行うおこなうAs it appears here: 行った
    • ·to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
    N4
  • 会話かいわ
    • ·conversation; talk; chat
    N4
  • 必要ひつよう
    • ·necessary; needed; essential; indispensable
    • ·necessity; need; requirement
    N4
  • 興味きょうみ
    • ·interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
    N4
  • とき
    • ·time; hour; moment
    • ·occasion; case
    • ·chance; opportunity; season
    • ·the times; the age; the day
    • ·tense
    N3
  • 表現ひょうげん
    • ·expression; representation; description
    • ·representation (of a group)
    N3
  • 相手あいて
    • ·companion; partner; company
    • ·other party; addressee; counterparty
    • ·opponent (sports, etc.)
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • 常につねに
    • ·always; constantly; at all times; habitually
    N3
  • どうしても
    • ·by all means; at any cost; no matter what; at any rate; surely
    • ·whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; willy-nilly
    • ·on no account; by no means
    • ·in the end; in the long run; after all; eventually
    N3
  • 内容ないよう
    • ·contents; content; substance; matter; detail; import
    N3
  • 示すしめす
    • ·to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to tell; to exemplify; to make apparent
    • ·to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.)
    • ·to indicate; to show; to represent; to signify; to display
    N3
  • れい
    • ·example; instance; illustration; case
    • ·precedent
    • ·custom; habit; practice; usage
    N3
  • 土地とち
    • ·plot of land; lot; soil
    • ·locality; region; place
    N3
  • 思わずおもわず
    • ·unconsciously; involuntarily; instinctively; reflexively; spontaneously; unintentionally; in spite of oneself
    N3
  • 抱えるかかえる
    • ·to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to carry under one's arm; to hold (one's head) in one's hands
    • ·to have (problems, debts, etc.); to take on (a responsibility); to be burdened with (e.g. care of a family member); to have (children, etc.) to provide for
    • ·to employ; to have (on one's staff); to hire
    N3
  • 参加さんか
    • ·participation; joining; entry
    N3
  • 話題わだい
    • ·topic; subject
    • ·much talked about; topical; in the news; hot
    N3
  • 材料ざいりょう
    • ·materials; ingredients
    • ·material (for a novel, experiment, etc.); subject matter
    • ·grounds (for a decision, judgement, etc.); basis; evidence; data
    • ·(market) factor
    N3
  • あるいは
    • ·or; either ... or
    • ·maybe; perhaps; possibly
    • ·some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...
    N3
  • お互いおたがい
    • ·each other; one another
    N3
  • ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • 感じるかんじるAs it appears here: 感じて
    • ·to feel; to sense; to experience
    • ·to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to be impressed (by); to respond (to)
    • ·to become infected with (an illness); to catch
    N3
  • 身近みぢか
    • ·near oneself; close to one; familiar
    N1
  • やすいAs it appears here: やすく
    • ·easy
    • ·likely to ...; have a tendency to ...
    • ·easy to ...
    N1
  • すぐ
    • ·immediately; at once; right away; directly
    • ·soon; before long; shortly
    • ·easily; readily; without difficulty
    • ·right (near); nearby; just (handy)
    • ·honest; upright; frank; straightforward
    N1
Grammar2 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • 〜てこそN2

    Emphasizes that only by actually doing X does the result become true — 'it is only by/precisely by doing X that...'.

    「3」会話は、相手が参加してくれてこそ成立します。

    「3」 A conversation works only when the other person participates in it.

  • あるいはN2

    Presents an alternative or a possibility — 'or; or perhaps; alternatively'.

    あるいは、お互いがよく知っている固有名詞なのです。

    Or it may be a proper name that both people know well.

Other levels24 patterns
  • だの~だのN12 times in this passage

    Reduplicated listing particle citing examples with a tone of complaint or exasperation ("what with X and Y and all that").

    それが、具体例なのです。

    That something is a concrete example.

  • 的(てき)N33 times in this passage

    A suffix turning a noun into a na-adjective meaning "relating to / -like / -ical" (一般的, 科学的).

    自分の気持ちを言葉にして身近な人に話しかけるとき、抽象的な表現をしても、相手には何のことかピンと来ないことが多いはずです。

    When you put your feelings into words and speak to someone close to you, abstract expressions will often leave the other person unsure of what you mean.

  • どうしてもN3

    Fixed adverb "no matter what / by all means"; with a negative predicate it means "(simply) cannot ... however hard one tries."

    どうしても伝えたいことがある。

    There is something you absolutely want to communicate.

  • ことがあるN32 times in this passage

    After a plain verb, 'there are times when...'; after a past-tense verb (〜たことがある), 'have (ever) done, have the experience of'.

    どうしても伝えたいことがある

    There is something you absolutely want to communicate.

  • によって/によるN3

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    (池上彰『相手に「伝わる」話し方』による

    (From Ikegami Akira, “How to Speak So Your Message Gets Across”)

  • ときN43 times in this passage

    Marks the time at which something happens — "when X, Y."

    自分の気持ちを言葉にして身近な人に話しかけるとき、抽象的な表現をしても、相手には何のことかピンと来ないことが多いはずです。

    When you put your feelings into words and speak to someone close to you, abstract expressions will often leave the other person unsure of what you mean.

  • てもN42 times in this passage

    Concessive — 'even if / even though …'; the main clause holds regardless of the te-clause.

    自分の気持ちを言葉にして身近な人に話しかけるとき、抽象的な表現をしても、相手には何のことかピンと来ないことが多いはずです。

    When you put your feelings into words and speak to someone close to you, abstract expressions will often leave the other person unsure of what you mean.

  • はずだN42 times in this passage

    Expresses the speaker's reasoned confidence that something is or should be the case — 'should, ought to, is supposed to'.

    自分の気持ちを言葉にして身近な人に話しかけるとき、抽象的な表現をしても、相手には何のことかピンと来ないことが多いはずです

    When you put your feelings into words and speak to someone close to you, abstract expressions will often leave the other person unsure of what you mean.

  • やすいN4

    Attaches to a verb stem to mean the action is easy to do ('easy to ~').

    しかし、わかりやすく表現できない。

    Yet you cannot express it clearly.

  • かなN4

    Casual sentence-final particle musing to oneself — 'I wonder...' (and 'I hope...' with a negative).

    そんなときは、伝えたい内容を示す具体的な例はないかな、と考えてみるのです。

    At such times, try asking yourself whether there is a concrete example that illustrates what you want to convey.

  • 〜てみるN4

    Verb te-form plus 見る, doing something on a trial basis to see what happens — 'try ...ing'.

    そんなときは、伝えたい内容を示す具体的な例はないかな、と考えてみるのです。

    At such times, try asking yourself whether there is a concrete example that illustrates what you want to convey.

  • 〜てくるN43 times in this passage

    Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

    あなたに誰かが話しかけてきたと考えてください。

    Imagine that someone starts talking to you.

  • かもしれないN4

    Expresses possibility or conjecture — 'might', 'maybe', 'perhaps'.

    聞いたこともない国の地名が出てきて、その国が抱える問題点を聞かされても、「だから、どうしたの」と「2」聞き返したくなるかもしれません

    On the other hand, if you hear the name of a place in a country you have never heard of and are then told about the problems that country faces, you may feel like 「2」 asking, “So what?”

  • 〜てくれるN4

    Someone does an action for the benefit of the speaker (or the speaker's in-group) — '(someone) does (something) for me'.

    「3」会話は、相手が参加してくれてこそ成立します。

    「3」 A conversation works only when the other person participates in it.

  • たらN4

    Conditional/temporal ending on the plain-past stem meaning that once or if the first action happens, the second follows ('if / once / when ... then').

    だったら、相手を話題に引き込む材料が必要です。

    If so, you need something that will draw the other person into the topic.

  • が必要(がひつよう)N4

    Marks something as necessary or required — 'need X / X is necessary'.

    だったら、相手を話題に引き込む材料が必要です。

    If so, you need something that will draw the other person into the topic.

  • 方(かた)N4

    Attaches to a verb's masu-stem to name the manner or method of doing it, "way of / how to".

    (池上彰『相手に「伝わる」話し方』による)

    (From Ikegami Akira, “How to Speak So Your Message Gets Across”)

  • にするN5

    To decide on or turn something into a given state or choice, 'to make it ~ / to go with ~.'

    自分の気持ちを言葉にして身近な人に話しかけるとき、抽象的な表現をしても、相手には何のことかピンと来ないことが多いはずです。

    When you put your feelings into words and speak to someone close to you, abstract expressions will often leave the other person unsure of what you mean.

  • 〜たいN54 times in this passage

    Expresses the speaker's own desire to do something — “want to do”.

    「1」言いたいことは常に具体的に。

    「1」 Always express what you want to say concretely.

  • だ / ですN55 times in this passage

    The copula linking a noun or na-adjective to the subject — plain だ / polite です, 'is/am/are'.

    これが大切です

    This is important.

  • しかしN5

    Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

    しかし、わかりやすく表現できない。

    Yet you cannot express it clearly.

  • 〜てくださいN5

    A polite request asking someone to do something — “please do”.

    あなたに誰かが話しかけてきたと考えてください

    Imagine that someone starts talking to you.

  • 〜ているN52 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    このとき、あなたが知っている人の名前や、行ったことがある土地の名前が出てくると、思わず話に引き込まれることがあるはずです。

    If the conversation includes the name of someone you know or a place you have visited, you may find yourself drawn into the story without even realizing it.

  • 〜たことがあるN5

    States that the speaker has had the experience of doing something at some point — “have done (before)”.

    このとき、あなたが知っている人の名前や、行ったことがある土地の名前が出てくると、思わず話に引き込まれることがあるはずです。

    If the conversation includes the name of someone you know or a place you have visited, you may find yourself drawn into the story without even realizing it.

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