子供はほめて育てろとよく聞きます。でも私が息子をほめると、息子はその時の自分に満足して、それ以上頑張ろうとしなくなることもあります。親の期待の通りにはならないことが多く、ほめ方の難しさを感じています。
最近どうほめたら子供が新しいことにチャレンジする気持ちを持つようになるか、調べた実験の話を聞きました。数百人の子供に難しい問題を10問解かせます。そして、良い結果だった子供たちを二つのグループに分け、一方に「よくできたね。頭がいいね。」と「頭の良さ」を、もう一方に「よく頑がん張ばったね。」と「努力」をほめる言葉をかけます。すると、次の行動に①違いが現れました。
実験では続けて、同じ問題をもう一度解くか、新しい問題をやってみるかを選ばせます。そうしたら、頭の良さをほめられたグループでは、間違えると頭が悪いと思われてしまうと考えたからか、多くの子供が同じ問題を解きました。それに対して、努力をほめられたグループでは、90%が新しい問題にチャレンジしたのです。
②ほめ方のヒントが隠された面白い実験だと思いました。
AI translation, cross-checked between two models.
We often hear that children should be raised with praise. But when I praise my son, he sometimes becomes satisfied with himself as he is at that moment and stops trying any harder. Things often do not turn out as parents expect, and I have come to realize how difficult it is to know how to praise a child.
Recently, I heard about an experiment that examined how children should be praised so that they become willing to take on new challenges. In the experiment, several hundred children were asked to solve ten difficult problems. Then the children who got good results were divided into two groups, and one group was told, “You did very well. You're very smart,” praising their “intelligence,” while the other group was told, “You worked really hard,” praising their “effort.” As a result, ①a difference appeared in what they did next.
Next in the experiment, the children were asked to choose between solving the same problems again or trying new problems. In the group praised for intelligence, perhaps because they thought that making a mistake would make people think they were not smart, many of the children chose to solve the same problems again. In contrast, in the group praised for effort, 90% of the children took on the new problems.
I thought it was an interesting experiment containing ②a useful hint about how to praise children.
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