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N2 · Upper intermediateThematic comprehensionPassage #625
2

実じつは、◯◯と関かん係けいがあるのですよ。それに思おもいついて出で来きたのです。」

どうしても解とけないでいた問もん題だいを先さきに解といた人ひとから言いわれ、それだったら、自じ分ぶんの方ほうが経けい験けんが豊ほう富ふだし、知ち識しきがあるし、「俺おれにもできたはずなのに…」と悔くやしい思おもいをすることがある。アイデアにしても、「このぐらいのアイデアだったら、自じ分ぶんが考かんがえついてもおかしくないのに」と思おもうことは結構けっこう、多おおいものである。

記き憶おく力りょくには、覚おぼえる力ちからと引ひき出だす力ちからの二ふたつがある。いくら覚おぼえても、それを引ひき出だせなければ役やくに立たたない。しかし、覚おぼえていないものは引ひき出だしようがない。つまり、その両りょう方ほうを鍛きたえないと、記き憶おく力りょくは生いきてこないのである。

（中ちゅう略りゃく）

コンピュータは一ひと人りの人ひとが覚おぼえきれない、そもそも普ふ通つうなら出で会あうこともない膨ぼう大だいな情じょう報ほうを記き憶おくしており、われわれはそれを検けん索さくエンジンによって、検けん索さくし引ひき出だせる。しかし、人ひとがある問もん題だい解かい決けつをしている時ときは、そうしてコンピュータ引ひき出だした知ち識しきが、短たん期き間かんにせよ自じ分ぶんの頭あたまの中なかに、それまで持もっていた知ち識しきとともに記き憶おく構こう成せいされなければ役やくに立たたない。

コンピュータがいくら豊ほう富ふな知ち識しきを内ない蔵ぞうして（注1）いても、人にん間げん自じ身しんがそうして検けん索さくした知ち識しきを、覚おぼえ、関かん連れん付づけ、再ふたたび引ひき出だすという訓くん練れんをしていなければ、宝たからのもち腐くされである（注2）。

では、どうしたら、そういう関かん連れんして引ひき出だせる記き憶おくとすることができるか？

記き憶おく力りょくを鍛きたえるいろいろな本ほんが書かかれているが、残ざん念ねんながら、私わたしには特効薬とっこうやくがあるとは思おもえない。

が、まず、覚おぼえる時ときに、理り解かいして覚おぼえることである。理り解かいして覚おぼえたことは正まさしく出でてくる。例たとえば、問もん題だいを解とくときでも、「あ、これは昨さく年ねん解といた問もん題だいと似にた問もん題だいだ」と気きがついてすらすら解とけることがある。しかし、昨さく年ねん解といた問もん題だいをしっかりを理り解かいしていないと、関かん係けいがわからないために脳のうの中なかで連れん結けつする（注3）ことができないのだ。うろ覚おぼえ（注4）ではどこかに穴あなができて、後あとで活かつ用ようすることができない。

次つぎに、どんなことを読よんだり聞きいたりしても、自じ分ぶんの知しっていること、経けい験けんしたこととの関かん連れんを思おもい浮うかべることだ。いつも、「もしそうなら」とその役やく立だち方かたについて想そう像ぞうを膨ふくらませながら新あたらしい知ち識しきを覚おぼえることである。それが知ち識しきへの感かん受じゅ性せい（注5）を高たかめる。

記き憶おくをアイデアや創そう造ぞうという問もん題だい解かい決けつに生いかすためには、一ひとつ一ひとつを覚おぼえる時ときに、「わかった」と「もしそうなら」からスタートすることであろうか。

（金かな出いで武たけ雄お『素人しろうとのように考かんがえ、玄くろ人うととして実行じっこうするー問もん題だい解かい決けつのメタ技ぎ術じゅつ』による）

（注ちゅう1）内ない蔵ぞうする：その中なかに持もっている

（注ちゅう2）宝たからの持もち腐ぐされである：せっかくいいものでも無む駄だになってしまう。

（注ちゅう3）連れん結けつする：結むすびつける

（注ちゅう4）うろ覚おぼえ：はっきりと覚おぼえていないこと

（注ちゅう5）感かん受じゅ性せい：物ものを感かんじ取とる力ちから

Questions

0/3 answered
  1. 1筆者は「俺にもできたはずなのに…」と述べているが、できなかった理由をどのように考えているか。
  2. 2筆者はコンピュータの例をあげて何を言おうとしているのか。
  3. 3筆者は記憶力を鍛えるにはどうすればよいと述べているか。

Study this passage

Vocabulary7 words
  • 悔しいくやしい
    • ·frustrated (over a failure, humiliation or injustice); annoyed; chagrined; (bitterly) disappointed; bitter; vexed; frustrating; annoying; regrettable
    N2
  • 膨大ぼうだい
    • ·huge; vast; enormous; colossal; extensive; large
    • ·swelling; expansion
    N2
  • もち
    • ·mochi; (expl.) small rice cake made from glutinous rice
    N2
  • 膨らむふくらむAs it appears here: 膨らませ
    • ·to expand; to swell (out); to get big; to become inflated
    N2
  • 高めるたかめる
    • ·to raise; to lift; to boost; to enhance
    N2
  • 素人しろうと
    • ·amateur; layman; ordinary person; novice
    • ·respectable woman (i.e. not a prostitute, hostess, geisha)
    • ·unlicensed prostitute
    N2
  • せっかく
    • ·with trouble; at great pains
    • ·rare; valuable; precious; long-awaited
    • ·kind; generous
    N2
Other levels117 words
  • ある
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • 出来るできるAs it appears here: 出来た
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • 問題もんだい
    • ·question (e.g. on a test); problem
    • ·problem (e.g. societal, political); question; issue; subject (e.g. of research); case; matter
    • ·question (i.e. doubt)
    • ·public discussion; controversy
    • ·trouble; problem; inconvenience; difficulty
    N5
  • 人ひと
    • ·person; someone; somebody
    • ·human beings; mankind; man; people; humans
    • ·human (Homo sapiens)
    • ·(other) people; others
    • ·character; personality; nature
    • ·capable person; competent person; suitable person; right person
    • ·adult; grown-up
    • ·I; me; one
    N5
  • 言ういうAs it appears here: 言われ
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • 自分じぶん
    • ·myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself
    • ·I; me
    • ·you
    N5
  • できるAs it appears here: できた
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • この
    • ·this
    • ·last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this
    • ·you (as in "you liar")
    N5
  • 結構けっこう
    • ·splendid; nice; wonderful; delightful; lovely; excellent; fine
    • ·sufficient; satisfactory; enough; fine; all right; OK
    • ·not needing (any more of something); (already) having enough; fine (as in "I'm fine"); no, thank you
    • ·rather; quite; fairly; pretty; surprisingly; quite a bit; fairly well
    • ·structure; construction; framework; architecture
    N5
  • 多いおおい
    • ·many; numerous; a lot
    • ·large amount of; large quantity of; a lot; much
    • ·frequent; common
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • 覚えるおぼえる
    • ·to memorize; to memorise; to commit to memory; to learn by heart; to bear in mind; to remember
    • ·to learn; to pick up; to acquire
    • ·to feel
    • ·to think; to regard
    N5
  • 二つふたつ
    • ·two
    N5
  • いくら
    • ·how much
    • ·something over; and something; -odd
    • ·however (much); no matter how
    N5
  • 覚えるおぼえるAs it appears here: 覚えて
    • ·to memorize; to memorise; to commit to memory; to learn by heart; to bear in mind; to remember
    • ·to learn; to pick up; to acquire
    • ·to feel
    • ·to think; to regard
    N5
  • しかし
    • ·however; but
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • 一人ひとり
    • ·one person
    • ·being alone; being by oneself
    • ·being single; being unmarried
    • ·by oneself; alone
    • ·just; only; simply
    N5
  • 覚えるおぼえるAs it appears here: 覚え
    • ·to memorize; to memorise; to commit to memory; to learn by heart; to bear in mind; to remember
    • ·to learn; to pick up; to acquire
    • ·to feel
    • ·to think; to regard
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: し
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • そうして
    • ·and; like that
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: せよ
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 頭あたま
    • ·head
    • ·hair (on one's head)
    • ·mind; brains; intellect
    • ·leader; chief; boss; captain
    • ·top; tip
    • ·beginning; start
    • ·head; person
    • ·down payment; deposit
    • ·top structural component of a kanji
    • ·pair
    N5
  • 中なか
    • ·inside; interior
    • ·among; within
    • ·middle; center; centre
    • ·during; while; middle; midst; amid
    • ·interval; gap
    • ·mean; average
    • ·second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes); middle
    • ·medium grade; medium quality
    • ·red-light district
    N5
  • 持つもつAs it appears here: 持って
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: されなければ
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: した
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • どう
    • ·how; in what way; how about
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: したら
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • できる
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • いろいろ
    • ·various; a variety of; all sorts of; many (different)
    • ·variously; in various ways; in many ways
    • ·various things; this and that
    N5
  • 本ほん
    • ·book; volume; script
    • ·this; present; current; ... in question; ... at issue
    • ·main; head; principal
    • ·real; genuine; regular; proper
    • ·counter for long, thin objects (sticks, tubes, strings, bottles, pillars, rivers, rail lines, etc.)
    • ·counter for films, TV shows, etc.
    • ·counter for telephone calls, letters, and emails
    • ·counter for goals, home runs, etc.
    • ·counter for rounds or points (in judo, kendo, etc.)
    N5
  • 書くかくAs it appears here: 書かれて
    • ·to write; to compose; to pen
    • ·to draw; to paint
    N5
  • 私わたし
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • 覚えるおぼえるAs it appears here: 覚えた
    • ·to memorize; to memorise; to commit to memory; to learn by heart; to bear in mind; to remember
    • ·to learn; to pick up; to acquire
    • ·to feel
    • ·to think; to regard
    N5
  • 出るでるAs it appears here: 出て
    • ·to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out
    • ·to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out
    • ·to move forward
    • ·to come to; to get to; to lead to; to reach
    • ·to appear; to come out; to emerge; to surface; to come forth; to turn up; to be found; to be detected; to be discovered; to be exposed; to show; to be exhibited; to be on display
    • ·to appear (in print); to be published; to be announced; to be issued; to be listed; to come out
    • ·to attend; to participate; to take part; to enter (an event); to play in; to perform
    • ·to be stated; to be expressed; to come up; to be brought up; to be raised
    • ·to sell
    • ·to exceed; to go over
    • ·to stick out; to protrude
    • ·to break out; to occur; to start; to originate
    • ·to be produced
    • ·to come from; to be derived from
    • ·to be given; to get; to receive; to be offered; to be provided; to be presented; to be submitted; to be handed in; to be turned in; to be paid
    • ·to answer (phone, door, etc.); to get
    • ·to assume (an attitude); to act; to behave
    • ·to pick up (speed, etc.); to gain
    • ·to flow (e.g. tears); to run; to bleed
    • ·to graduate
    • ·to ejaculate; to cum
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • わかるAs it appears here: わからない
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow
    • ·to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized (realised); to be found out; to make sense
    • ·I know!; I think so too!
    N5
  • できるAs it appears here: できない
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • どこ
    • ·where; what place
    • ·how much (long, far); what extent
    N5
  • できるAs it appears here: できて
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • 読むよむAs it appears here: 読んだり
    • ·to read
    • ·to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant
    • ·to predict; to guess; to forecast; to read (someone's thoughts); to see (e.g. into someone's heart); to divine
    • ·to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
    • ·to decipher; to read (a meter, graph, music, etc.); to tell (the time)
    • ·to count; to estimate
    • ·to read (a kanji) with its native Japanese reading
    N5
  • 聞くきくAs it appears here: 聞いたり
    • ·to hear
    • ·to listen (e.g. to music)
    • ·to ask; to enquire; to query
    • ·to hear about; to hear of; to learn of
    • ·to follow (advice, order, etc.); to obey; to listen to; to comply with
    • ·to hear (e.g. a plea); to grant (a request); to accept (e.g. an argument); to give consideration to
    • ·to smell (esp. incense); to sample (a fragrance)
    • ·to taste (alcohol); to try
    N5
  • 知るしるAs it appears here: 知って
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • いつも
    • ·always; all the time; at all times
    • ·never
    • ·usual; regular; habitual; customary
    N5
  • 新しいあたらしい
    • ·new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date; modern
    N5
  • わかるAs it appears here: わかった
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow
    • ·to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized (realised); to be found out; to make sense
    • ·I know!; I think so too!
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なって
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • 物もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • 関係かんけい
    • ·relation; relationship; connection
    • ·participation; involvement; concern
    • ·influence; effect
    • ·sexual relations; sexual relationship
    • ·related to; connected to
    N4
  • はず
    • ·should (be); bound (to be); expected (to be); must (be)
    • ·nock (of a bow)
    • ·nock (of an arrow)
    • ·nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger)
    • ·wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
    N4
  • おかしいAs it appears here: おかしくない
    • ·funny; amusing; comical; laughable; ridiculous
    • ·strange; odd; funny; peculiar; weird; wrong; unusual; eccentric
    • ·wrong; unsuitable; improper; inappropriate; unbecoming
    • ·suspicious
    N4
  • 思うおもう
    • ·to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon
    • ·to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
    • ·to judge; to assess; to regard
    • ·to imagine; to suppose; to dream
    • ·to expect; to look forward to
    • ·to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want
    • ·to care (deeply) for; to yearn for; to worry about; to love
    • ·to recall; to remember
    N4
  • 力ちから
    • ·force; strength; might; vigour; vigor; energy
    • ·capability; ability; proficiency; capacity; faculty
    • ·efficacy; effect
    • ·effort; endeavours; endeavors; exertions
    • ·power; authority; influence; good offices; agency
    • ·support; help; aid; assistance
    • ·stress; emphasis
    • ·means; resources
    N4
  • 引き出すひきだす
    • ·to pull out; to take out; to draw out
    • ·to lead out (e.g. a horse from a stable); to summon (e.g. to court); to bring (e.g. someone to the negotiating table); to drag
    • ·to withdraw (money); to draw
    • ·to bring out (talent, potential, beauty, flavour, etc.); to extract (information, the truth, etc.); to get (e.g. an answer out of someone); to obtain (e.g. a result); to elicit; to draw (a conclusion); to derive (e.g. pleasure)
    • ·to get (money) out of someone; to coax out of someone; to get someone to pay; to make someone produce (funds)
    N4
  • 引き出せるひきだせるAs it appears here: 引き出せなければ
    • ·to pull out; to take out; to draw out
    • ·to lead out (e.g. a horse from a stable); to summon (e.g. to court); to bring (e.g. someone to the negotiating table); to drag
    • ·to withdraw (money); to draw
    • ·to bring out (talent, potential, beauty, flavour, etc.); to extract (information, the truth, etc.); to get (e.g. an answer out of someone); to obtain (e.g. a result); to elicit; to draw (a conclusion); to derive (e.g. pleasure)
    • ·to get (money) out of someone; to coax out of someone; to get someone to pay; to make someone produce (funds)
    N4
  • 役に立つやくにたつAs it appears here: 役に立たない
    • ·to be helpful; to be useful
    N4
  • 引き出しひきだし
    • ·drawer
    • ·withdrawal (of money from an account)
    • ·variety of knowledge and experience useful for handling things impromptu
    N4
  • 両方りょうほう
    • ·both; both sides; both parties
    N4
  • 生きるいきるAs it appears here: 生きて
    • ·to live; to exist
    • ·to make a living; to subsist
    • ·to be in effect; to be in use; to function
    • ·to come to life; to be enlivened
    • ·to be safe (in baseball, go, etc.)
    N4
  • 普通ふつう
    • ·normal; ordinary; regular; usual; common; average
    • ·normally; ordinarily; usually; generally; commonly
    • ·local train; train that stops at every station
    N4
  • 引き出せるひきだせる
    • ·to pull out; to take out; to draw out
    • ·to lead out (e.g. a horse from a stable); to summon (e.g. to court); to bring (e.g. someone to the negotiating table); to drag
    • ·to withdraw (money); to draw
    • ·to bring out (talent, potential, beauty, flavour, etc.); to extract (information, the truth, etc.); to get (e.g. an answer out of someone); to obtain (e.g. a result); to elicit; to draw (a conclusion); to derive (e.g. pleasure)
    • ·to get (money) out of someone; to coax out of someone; to get someone to pay; to make someone produce (funds)
    N4
  • 引き出すひきだすAs it appears here: 引き出した
    • ·to pull out; to take out; to draw out
    • ·to lead out (e.g. a horse from a stable); to summon (e.g. to court); to bring (e.g. someone to the negotiating table); to drag
    • ·to withdraw (money); to draw
    • ·to bring out (talent, potential, beauty, flavour, etc.); to extract (information, the truth, etc.); to get (e.g. an answer out of someone); to obtain (e.g. a result); to elicit; to draw (a conclusion); to derive (e.g. pleasure)
    • ·to get (money) out of someone; to coax out of someone; to get someone to pay; to make someone produce (funds)
    N4
  • 例えばたとえば
    • ·for example; for instance; e.g.
    N4
  • 似るにるAs it appears here: 似た
    • ·to resemble; to look like; to be like; to be alike; to be similar; to take after
    N4
  • しっかり
    • ·tightly (holding on); firmly; securely
    • ·strongly (built); solidly; sturdily; steadily
    • ·properly; well; sufficiently; hard (working, etc.); fully; completely
    • ·reliably; dependably; levelheadedly; shrewdly; wisely; cleverly
    N4
  • ため
    • ·good; advantage; benefit; welfare
    • ·sake; purpose; objective; aim
    • ·consequence; result; effect
    • ·affecting; regarding; concerning
    N4
  • もし
    • ·if; in case; supposing
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考え
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 技術ぎじゅつ
    • ·technology; engineering
    • ·technique; skill
    • ·art; craft
    N4
  • 実はじつは
    • ·as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly; actually
    N3
  • どうしても
    • ·by all means; at any cost; no matter what; at any rate; surely
    • ·whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; willy-nilly
    • ·on no account; by no means
    • ·in the end; in the long run; after all; eventually
    N3
  • 解けるとけるAs it appears here: 解けないで
    • ·to be solved; to be worked out
    • ·to come loose; to come untied; to come undone
    • ·to be removed (of restrictions); to be lifted (e.g. of a ban); to be broken (of a spell, curse, etc.)
    • ·to dissipate (of anger, tension, etc.); to melt away; to ease; to be allayed; to be appeased; to be resolved (of a dispute, misunderstanding, etc.); to be cleared up
    N3
  • 解くとくAs it appears here: 解いた
    • ·to untie; to unfasten; to unwrap; to undo; to unbind; to unpack
    • ·to unsew; to unstitch
    • ·to solve; to work out; to answer
    • ·to dispel (misunderstanding, etc.); to clear up; to remove (suspicion); to appease
    • ·to dissolve (a contract); to cancel; to remove (a prohibition); to lift (a ban); to raise (a siege)
    • ·to release (from duty); to relieve; to dismiss
    • ·to comb (out); to card; to untangle (hair)
    N3
  • 方ほう
    • ·direction; way; side; area (in a particular direction)
    • ·side (of an argument, etc.); one's part
    • ·type; category
    • ·field (of study, etc.)
    • ·indicates one side of a comparison
    • ·way; method; manner; means
    • ·length (of each side of a square)
    N3
  • 経験けいけん
    • ·experience
    N3
  • 豊富ほうふ
    • ·abundant; plentiful; rich; ample
    N3
  • 知識ちしき
    • ·knowledge; information
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • つまり
    • ·that is to say; that is; in other words; I mean; that (this, it) means
    • ·in short; in brief; to sum up; ultimately; in the end; in the long run; when all is said and done; what it all comes down to; when you get right down to it; basically
    • ·clogging; obstruction; stuffing; (degree of) blockage
    • ·shrinkage
    • ·end; conclusion
    • ·dead end; corner
    • ·distress; being at the end of one's rope
    N3
  • 出会うであう
    • ·to meet (by chance); to come across; to run across; to encounter; to happen upon
    • ·to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.)
    • ·to emerge and engage (an enemy)
    N3
  • 情報じょうほう
    • ·information; news; report; intelligence
    • ·information (data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.)
    • ·informatics (as a subject)
    N3
  • 記憶きおく
    • ·memory; recollection; remembrance
    • ·memory; storage
    N3
  • われわれ
    • ·we
    N3
  • 時とき
    • ·time; hour; moment
    • ·occasion; case
    • ·chance; opportunity; season
    • ·the times; the age; the day
    • ·tense
    N3
  • 構成こうせい
    • ·composition; construction; formation; makeup; structure; organization; organisation
    N3
  • 人間にんげん
    • ·human being; human; person; man; mankind; humankind
    • ·character (of a person)
    N3
  • 自身じしん
    • ·(one's) self; oneself; yourself; himself; herself
    N3
  • 再びふたたび
    • ·again; once more; a second time
    N3
  • 訓練くんれん
    • ·training; drill; practice; discipline
    N3
  • 宝たから
    • ·treasure
    N3
  • 関連かんれん
    • ·relation; connection; relevance
    N3
  • まず
    • ·first (of all); firstly; to begin with; before anything else
    • ·probably; most likely; almost certainly; virtually
    • ·more or less (satisfactory); on the whole; reasonably
    • ·anyway; at any rate; for now (at least); for the time being
    N3
  • 理解りかい
    • ·understanding; comprehension; appreciation
    • ·sympathy
    N3
  • 解くとく
    • ·to untie; to unfasten; to unwrap; to undo; to unbind; to unpack
    • ·to unsew; to unstitch
    • ·to solve; to work out; to answer
    • ·to dispel (misunderstanding, etc.); to clear up; to remove (suspicion); to appease
    • ·to dissolve (a contract); to cancel; to remove (a prohibition); to lift (a ban); to raise (a siege)
    • ·to release (from duty); to relieve; to dismiss
    • ·to comb (out); to card; to untangle (hair)
    N3
  • とき
    • ·time; hour; moment
    • ·occasion; case
    • ·chance; opportunity; season
    • ·the times; the age; the day
    • ·tense
    N3
  • 解けるとける
    • ·to be solved; to be worked out
    • ·to come loose; to come untied; to come undone
    • ·to be removed (of restrictions); to be lifted (e.g. of a ban); to be broken (of a spell, curse, etc.)
    • ·to dissipate (of anger, tension, etc.); to melt away; to ease; to be allayed; to be appeased; to be resolved (of a dispute, misunderstanding, etc.); to be cleared up
    N3
  • 穴あな
    • ·hole; opening; orifice; perforation
    • ·pit; hollow; cavity; hole (e.g. in the ground)
    • ·burrow; den; lair; holt; hole
    • ·deficit; shortage; (financial) hole; loss
    • ·gap (left by a missing employee, team member, etc.); vacancy; opening
    • ·flaw; fault; defect; weak point; hole (in a theory, plan, etc.); loophole
    • ·good place not many people know about; well-kept secret
    • ·upset victory (with a large payoff); long shot; dark horse
    • ·(partitioned) box (type of floor seating in a traditional Japanese theatre)
    • ·hiding place; hideout
    N3
  • 活用かつよう
    • ·practical use; application; making good use of; putting to good use; capitalizing on
    • ·conjugation; inflection
    N3
  • 想像そうぞう
    • ·imagination; supposition; guess
    N3
  • 実行じっこう
    • ·execution (e.g. of a plan); carrying out; (putting into) practice; action; implementation; fulfillment; realization
    • ·execution (of a program); run
    N3
  • 注ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • 無駄むだ
    • ·futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
    N3
  • 先にさきに
    • ·previously; before; earlier; formerly; recently
    • ·first; before (something or someone else); ahead (of); earlier
    • ·beforehand; in advance; ahead of time
    N1
  • 俺おれ
    • ·I; me
    N1
  • 鍛えるきたえるAs it appears here: 鍛えない
    • ·to forge; to temper
    • ·to drill; to train; to discipline
    N1
  • 鍛えるきたえる
    • ·to forge; to temper
    • ·to drill; to train; to discipline
    N1
  • 正しくまさしく
    • ·certainly; surely; undoubtedly; evidently; really; truly
    • ·just; precisely; exactly
    N1
  • 脳のう
    • ·brain
    • ·brains; mind
    N1
  • 役立つやくだつAs it appears here: 役立ち
    • ·to be useful; to be helpful; to serve the purpose
    N1
  • 創造そうぞう
    • ·creation
    • ·Creation (by God)
    N1
  • 生かすいかす
    • ·to make (the best) use of; to put to good use; to leverage (skills, attributes, experience, etc.); to capitalise on (experience, etc.)
    • ·to let live; to keep alive
    • ·to revive; to resuscitate; to bring back to life
    • ·to restore (a deleted passage; in proofreading)
    N1
  • 玄人くろうと
    • ·expert; professional; master; connoisseur
    • ·woman in the nightlife business; demimondaine; geisha and prostitutes
    N1
Grammar4 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • ようがないN2

    Attaches to a verb stem to say there is no possible way to do the action — 'there's no way to, cannot possibly'.

    しかし、覚えていないものは引き出しようがない。

    However, there is no way to retrieve something that was never stored in the first place.

  • にせよ／にしろN2

    Concedes that whatever the case named, the main point still holds; 'even if / whether ... or / in any case'.

    しかし、人がある問題解決をしている時は、そうしてコンピュータ引き出した知識が、短期間にせよ自分の頭の中に、それまで持っていた知識とともに記憶構成されなければ役に立たない。

    However, when a person is solving a problem, the knowledge retrieved from a computer must, even if only temporarily, be reconstructed in that person’s own mind together with the knowledge already there; otherwise, it is of no use.

  • 再び（ふたたび）N2

    Adverb marking that an action occurs once more — "again", "a second time".

    コンピュータがいくら豊富な知識を内蔵していても、人間自身がそうして検索した知識を、覚え、関連付け、再び引き出すという訓練をしていなければ、宝のもち腐れである。

    No matter how much knowledge a computer contains, if people themselves have not trained to remember, connect, and retrieve the knowledge they search for, that wealth of information simply goes to waste.

  • せっかくN2

    marks that effort or a rare opportunity went into something, often with the sense it was wasted — 'go to the trouble of', 'specially'

    （注2）宝の持ち腐れである：せっかくいいものでも無駄になってしまう。

    (Note 2) takara no mochigusare de aru: to let something valuable go to waste

Other levels38 patterns
  • 思いをする（おもいをする）N1

    Following an adjective, expresses undergoing a particular feeling or experience — "to have/experience a ~ feeling" (e.g. 痛い思いをする).

    どうしても解けないでいた問題を先に解いた人から言われ、それだったら、自分の方が経験が豊富だし、知識があるし、「俺にもできたはずなのに…」と悔しい思いをすることがある。

    When someone who solved before you a problem that you had been unable to solve says this, you may feel frustrated and think, “If that’s all it was, I have more experience and knowledge—I should have been able to do it too…”

  • どうしてもN3

    Fixed adverb "no matter what / by all means"; with a negative predicate it means "(simply) cannot ... however hard one tries."

    どうしても解けないでいた問題を先に解いた人から言われ、それだったら、自分の方が経験が豊富だし、知識があるし、「俺にもできたはずなのに…」と悔しい思いをすることがある。

    When someone who solved before you a problem that you had been unable to solve says this, you may feel frustrated and think, “If that’s all it was, I have more experience and knowledge—I should have been able to do it too…”

  • ことがあるN32 times in this passage

    After a plain verb, 'there are times when...'; after a past-tense verb (〜たことがある), 'have (ever) done, have the experience of'.

    どうしても解けないでいた問題を先に解いた人から言われ、それだったら、自分の方が経験が豊富だし、知識があるし、「俺にもできたはずなのに…」と悔しい思いをすることがある。

    When someone who solved before you a problem that you had been unable to solve says this, you may feel frustrated and think, “If that’s all it was, I have more experience and knowledge—I should have been able to do it too…”

  • にしてもN3

    Concedes a point regardless of the case at hand, 'even if / even though / even in the case of'.

    アイデアにしても、「このぐらいのアイデアだったら、自分が考えついてもおかしくないのに」と思うことは結構、多いものである。

    The same is true of ideas; quite often we think, “If it was an idea like this, there’s no reason I couldn’t have come up with it myself.”

  • つまりN3

    Restates or sums up the preceding statement more plainly — 'in other words / that is to say'.

    つまり、その両方を鍛えないと、記憶力は生きてこないのである。

    In other words, unless both abilities are trained, memory cannot be put to effective use.

  • 切れないN3

    Suffix on a verb stem meaning the action can't be finished or the amount is too great to handle, 'can't ~ completely / too many to ~'.

    コンピュータは一人の人が覚えきれない、そもそも普通なら出会うこともない膨大な情報を記憶しており、われわれはそれを検索エンジンによって、検索し引き出せる。

    Computers store enormous amounts of information that no single person could possibly remember and would not ordinarily even encounter, and we can search for and retrieve that information through search engines.

  • によって/によるN32 times in this passage

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    コンピュータは一人の人が覚えきれない、そもそも普通なら出会うこともない膨大な情報を記憶しており、われわれはそれを検索エンジンによって、検索し引き出せる。

    Computers store enormous amounts of information that no single person could possibly remember and would not ordinarily even encounter, and we can search for and retrieve that information through search engines.

  • と共に（とともに）N3

    Links two things that happen together or change at the same time — "together with; along with; as ~ does".

    しかし、人がある問題解決をしている時は、そうしてコンピュータ引き出した知識が、短期間にせよ自分の頭の中に、それまで持っていた知識とともに記憶構成されなければ役に立たない。

    However, when a person is solving a problem, the knowledge retrieved from a computer must, even if only temporarily, be reconstructed in that person’s own mind together with the knowledge already there; otherwise, it is of no use.

  • というN32 times in this passage

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    コンピュータがいくら豊富な知識を内蔵していても、人間自身がそうして検索した知識を、覚え、関連付け、再び引き出すという訓練をしていなければ、宝のもち腐れである。

    No matter how much knowledge a computer contains, if people themselves have not trained to remember, connect, and retrieve the knowledge they search for, that wealth of information simply goes to waste.

  • 例えば（たとえば）N3

    Introduces an illustrative instance, 'for example / for instance'.

    例えば、問題を解くときでも、「あ、これは昨年解いた問題と似た問題だ」と気がついてすらすら解けることがある。

    For example, when solving a problem, you may realize, “Ah, this is similar to a problem I solved last year,” and then solve it smoothly.

  • ためにN32 times in this passage

    marks a purpose ('in order to') or a cause ('because of / owing to').

    しかし、昨年解いた問題をしっかりを理解していないと、関係がわからないために脳の中で連結することができないのだ。

    But if you did not properly understand the problem you solved last year, you will not recognize the relationship and your brain will be unable to connect the two.

  • についてN3

    Marks the topic an action or statement is directed at; 'about', 'concerning', 'regarding'.

    いつも、「もしそうなら」とその役立ち方について想像を膨らませながら新しい知識を覚えることである。

    Always learn new knowledge while expanding your imagination about how it might be useful by asking, “If that is so, then what?”

  • としてN3

    Marks the role, capacity, or status in which someone or something acts — "as (a doctor / a rule / etc.)".

    （金出武雄『素人のように考え、玄人として実行するー問題解決のメタ技術』による）

    (From Kanade Takeo, “Think Like an Amateur, Execute Like an Expert — Meta-Techniques for Problem Solving”)

  • 〜ていたN42 times in this passage

    The past progressive/continuous — an action that was ongoing or a state that held in the past — 'was (do)ing'.

    どうしても解けないでいた問題を先に解いた人から言われ、それだったら、自分の方が経験が豊富だし、知識があるし、「俺にもできたはずなのに…」と悔しい思いをすることがある。

    When someone who solved before you a problem that you had been unable to solve says this, you may feel frustrated and think, “If that’s all it was, I have more experience and knowledge—I should have been able to do it too…”

  • たらN43 times in this passage

    Conditional/temporal ending on the plain-past stem meaning that once or if the first action happens, the second follows ('if / once / when ... then').

    どうしても解けないでいた問題を先に解いた人から言われ、それだったら、自分の方が経験が豊富だし、知識があるし、「俺にもできたはずなのに…」と悔しい思いをすることがある。

    When someone who solved before you a problem that you had been unable to solve says this, you may feel frustrated and think, “If that’s all it was, I have more experience and knowledge—I should have been able to do it too…”

  • はずだN4

    Expresses the speaker's reasoned confidence that something is or should be the case — 'should, ought to, is supposed to'.

    どうしても解けないでいた問題を先に解いた人から言われ、それだったら、自分の方が経験が豊富だし、知識があるし、「俺にもできたはずなのに…」と悔しい思いをすることがある。

    When someone who solved before you a problem that you had been unable to solve says this, you may feel frustrated and think, “If that’s all it was, I have more experience and knowledge—I should have been able to do it too…”

  • 〜のにN42 times in this passage

    Links two clauses so the result contradicts what the first clause leads you to expect — "even though ~ / although ~".

    どうしても解けないでいた問題を先に解いた人から言われ、それだったら、自分の方が経験が豊富だし、知識があるし、「俺にもできたはずなのに…」と悔しい思いをすることがある。

    When someone who solved before you a problem that you had been unable to solve says this, you may feel frustrated and think, “If that’s all it was, I have more experience and knowledge—I should have been able to do it too…”

  • てもN44 times in this passage

    Concessive — 'even if / even though …'; the main clause holds regardless of the te-clause.

    アイデアにしても、「このぐらいのアイデアだったら、自分が考えついてもおかしくないのに」と思うことは結構、多いものである。

    The same is true of ideas; quite often we think, “If it was an idea like this, there’s no reason I couldn’t have come up with it myself.”

  • と思う（とおもう）N4

    Quotative plus 'think', stating the speaker's opinion or guess — 'I think that'.

    アイデアにしても、「このぐらいのアイデアだったら、自分が考えついてもおかしくないのに」と思うことは結構、多いものである。

    The same is true of ideas; quite often we think, “If it was an idea like this, there’s no reason I couldn’t have come up with it myself.”

  • 〜てくるN42 times in this passage

    Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

    つまり、その両方を鍛えないと、記憶力は生きてこないのである。

    In other words, unless both abilities are trained, memory cannot be put to effective use.

  • ながらN42 times in this passage

    Attaches to a verb stem to show two actions by the same subject happening at once — 'while (doing) / as'.

    記憶力を鍛えるいろいろな本が書かれているが、残念ながら、私には特効薬があるとは思えない。

    Many books have been written about training memory, but unfortunately I do not believe there is any miracle cure.

  • ときN4

    Marks the time at which something happens — "when X, Y."

    例えば、問題を解くときでも、「あ、これは昨年解いた問題と似た問題だ」と気がついてすらすら解けることがある。

    For example, when solving a problem, you may realize, “Ah, this is similar to a problem I solved last year,” and then solve it smoothly.

  • に気がつく（にきがつく）N4

    To notice or become aware of something, the noticed thing marked by に, 'to notice / realize ~.'

    例えば、問題を解くときでも、「あ、これは昨年解いた問題と似た問題だ」と気がついてすらすら解けることがある。

    For example, when solving a problem, you may realize, “Ah, this is similar to a problem I solved last year,” and then solve it smoothly.

  • 〜の中でN4

    Marks a set or group as the domain of a comparison — "among ~ / of all ~", typically paired with a superlative.

    しかし、昨年解いた問題をしっかりを理解していないと、関係がわからないために脳の中で連結することができないのだ。

    But if you did not properly understand the problem you solved last year, you will not recognize the relationship and your brain will be unable to connect the two.

  • 後で（あとで）N4

    Indicates doing something afterward, or after another action or event — 'later; afterward; after'.

    うろ覚えではどこかに穴ができて、後で活用することができない。

    If your memory is vague, there will be gaps somewhere, making it impossible to put that knowledge to use later.

  • ように / ようなN4

    Likens or exemplifies one thing by another, "like / as / similar to (a)".

    （金出武雄『素人のように考え、玄人として実行するー問題解決のメタ技術』による）

    (From Kanade Takeo, “Think Like an Amateur, Execute Like an Expert — Meta-Techniques for Problem Solving”)

  • 〜てしまう / 〜ちゃうN4

    Verb te-form plus しまう, marking an action as fully completed or done regrettably/by accident — 'end up ...ing' / 'finish ...ing'; ちゃう/じゃう is the casual contraction.

    （注2）宝の持ち腐れである：せっかくいいものでも無駄になってしまう。

    (Note 2) takara no mochigusare de aru: to let something valuable go to waste

  • がありますN55 times in this passage

    States the existence or possession of an inanimate thing, "there is / to have".

    実は、◯◯と関係があるのですよ。

    Actually, it has something to do with ◯◯.

  • だ / ですN52 times in this passage

    The copula linking a noun or na-adjective to the subject — plain だ / polite です, 'is/am/are'.

    実は、◯◯と関係があるのですよ。

    Actually, it has something to do with ◯◯.

  • より〜ほうがN5

    Expresses comparison or preference — 'B is more ... than A / would rather B' (A より B のほうが).

    どうしても解けないでいた問題を先に解いた人から言われ、それだったら、自分の方が経験が豊富だし、知識があるし、「俺にもできたはずなのに…」と悔しい思いをすることがある。

    When someone who solved before you a problem that you had been unable to solve says this, you may feel frustrated and think, “If that’s all it was, I have more experience and knowledge—I should have been able to do it too…”

  • しかしN53 times in this passage

    Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

    しかし、覚えていないものは引き出しようがない。

    However, there is no way to retrieve something that was never stored in the first place.

  • 〜ているN59 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    しかし、覚えていないものは引き出しようがない。

    However, there is no way to retrieve something that was never stored in the first place.

  • のでN5

    Gives a reason or cause with a soft, objective/polite nuance — 'because / since'.

    つまり、その両方を鍛えないと、記憶力は生きてこないのである。

    In other words, unless both abilities are trained, memory cannot be put to effective use.

  • までN5

    Particle marking the spatial, temporal, or extent limit of an action — "until / up to / as far as."

    しかし、人がある問題解決をしている時は、そうしてコンピュータ引き出した知識が、短期間にせよ自分の頭の中に、それまで持っていた知識とともに記憶構成されなければ役に立たない。

    However, when a person is solving a problem, the knowledge retrieved from a computer must, even if only temporarily, be reconstructed in that person’s own mind together with the knowledge already there; otherwise, it is of no use.

  • 〜ことができるN53 times in this passage

    States that someone is able to do something — “can do” / “is able to do”.

    では、どうしたら、そういう関連して引き出せる記憶とすることができるか？

    So how can we develop a memory that allows us to retrieve information through such connections?

  • どんなN5

    Asks or specifies what kind or sort of thing something is, "what kind of".

    次に、どんなことを読んだり聞いたりしても、自分の知っていること、経験したこととの関連を思い浮かべることだ。

    Next, whatever you read or hear, think about how it relates to things you already know or have experienced.

  • 〜たり〜たりN52 times in this passage

    Lists a few representative actions among others done at various times, 'do things like X and Y'.

    次に、どんなことを読んだり聞いたりしても、自分の知っていること、経験したこととの関連を思い浮かべることだ。

    Next, whatever you read or hear, think about how it relates to things you already know or have experienced.

  • いつもN5

    Adverb expressing habitual, unchanging frequency, "always / usually".

    いつも、「もしそうなら」とその役立ち方について想像を膨らませながら新しい知識を覚えることである。

    Always learn new knowledge while expanding your imagination about how it might be useful by asking, “If that is so, then what?”

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