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N2 · Upper intermediateShort passagePassage #593
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本ほん来らい、異ことなる種しゅ類るいの光こう源げん（たとえば太たい陽よう光こうと蛍けい光こう灯とう）のもとでは、同おなじイチゴでも異ことなる色いろの見みえ方かたをするはずです。ところが、私わたしたちはふだん生せい活かつしている中なかで、つまり太たい陽ようの光ひかりのもとで見みたとき、イチゴがどんな色いろをしているのかを知しっています。そのため、光こう源げんの色いろや明あかるさが太たい陽ようの色いろとは変かわっても、その変へん化かした照しょう明めいのもとで見みるイチゴの色いろを、すでに知しっているイチゴの色いろに近ちかづけて知ち覚かく（注）してしまう、といったことが起おこります。これを色いろの恒こう常じょう性せいといいますが、意い識しきすることなく行おこなわれている、視し覚かくのみごとな仕し組くみのひとつです。

（近江おうみ源げん太た郎ろう監かん修しゅう『色いろの名な前まえ』による）

（注ちゅう）知ち覚かくする：感かんじ取とる

Questions

0/1 answered
  1. 1すでに知っているイチゴの色とあるが、ここではどのような色か。

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Vocabulary2 words
  • 本来ほんらい
    • ·originally; primarily
    • ·essentially; intrinsically; naturally; by nature; in (and of) itself
    • ·proper; rightful; legal; normal
    N2
  • 蛍光灯けいこうとう
    • ·fluorescent lamp; fluorescent light
    • ·person who is slow to react; someone slow on the uptake
    N2
Other levels41 words
  • 同じおなじ
    • ·same; identical; equal; alike; equivalent
    • ·anyway; in any case; if one must ...; if one has to ...; as long as ...
    N5
  • 色いろ
    • ·colour; color; hue; tint; tinge; shade
    • ·complexion; skin colour; skin color
    • ·look (on one's face); expression
    • ·appearance; air; feeling
    • ·personality; character
    • ·tone (of one's voice, etc.); tune; sound; ring
    • ·love; lust; sensuality; love affair
    • ·lover; paramour
    • ·beauty; sexiness; physical appeal
    • ·kind; type; variety
    N5
  • 方かた
    • ·direction; way
    • ·person; lady; gentleman
    • ·method of; manner of; way of
    • ·care of ...
    • ·person in charge of ...
    • ·side (e.g. "on my mother's side")
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 中なか
    • ·inside; interior
    • ·among; within
    • ·middle; center; centre
    • ·during; while; middle; midst; amid
    • ·interval; gap
    • ·mean; average
    • ·second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes); middle
    • ·medium grade; medium quality
    • ·red-light district
    N5
  • 見るみるAs it appears here: 見た
    • ·to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe
    • ·to examine; to look over; to assess; to check; to judge
    • ·to look after; to attend to; to take care of; to keep an eye on
    • ·to experience; to meet with (misfortune, success, etc.)
    • ·to try ...; to have a go at ...; to give ... a try
    • ·to see (that) ...; to find (that) ...
    N5
  • 知るしるAs it appears here: 知って
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: した
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 見るみる
    • ·to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe
    • ·to examine; to look over; to assess; to check; to judge
    • ·to look after; to attend to; to take care of; to keep an eye on
    • ·to experience; to meet with (misfortune, success, etc.)
    • ·to try ...; to have a go at ...; to give ... a try
    • ·to see (that) ...; to find (that) ...
    N5
  • いうAs it appears here: いった
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • いうAs it appears here: いいます
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • ひとつ
    • ·one
    • ·for one thing
    • ·only
    • ·(not) even
    • ·just (e.g. "just try it")
    • ·some kind of; one type of
    N5
  • 名前なまえ
    • ·name
    • ·given name; first name
    N5
  • たとえば
    • ·for example; for instance; e.g.
    N4
  • はず
    • ·should (be); bound (to be); expected (to be); must (be)
    • ·nock (of a bow)
    • ·nock (of an arrow)
    • ·nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger)
    • ·wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
    N4
  • 生活せいかつ
    • ·life; living
    • ·livelihood; (one's) living
    N4
  • 光ひかり
    • ·light
    • ·illumination; ray; beam; gleam; glow
    • ·happiness; hope
    • ·influence; power
    • ·vision; eyesight
    • ·optical fiber; optical fibre
    N4
  • ため
    • ·good; advantage; benefit; welfare
    • ·sake; purpose; objective; aim
    • ·consequence; result; effect
    • ·affecting; regarding; concerning
    N4
  • 変わるかわるAs it appears here: 変わって
    • ·to change; to be transformed; to be altered; to vary
    • ·to move to
    • ·to be different; to be uncommon; to be unusual
    N4
  • 行うおこなうAs it appears here: 行われて
    • ·to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
    N4
  • 異なることなる
    • ·to differ; to be different; to disagree; to vary; to diverge
    N3
  • 種類しゅるい
    • ·variety; kind; type; category
    • ·counter for kinds, species, etc.
    N3
  • もと
    • ·origin; source; beginning
    • ·basis; base; foundation; root
    • ·cause
    • ·(raw) material; ingredient; base; mix (e.g. for a cake); (soup) stock
    • ·(one's) side
    • ·capital; principal; cost price
    • ·root (of a plant); (tree) trunk
    • ·part (of a brush, chopsticks, etc.) one holds (with the hand)
    • ·first three lines of a waka
    • ·counter for plants or trees
    • ·counter for falcons (in falconry)
    N3
  • ところが
    • ·even so; however; still; whereupon; even though; nevertheless; on the contrary; as a matter of fact; despite
    N3
  • ふだん
    • ·usual; normal; everyday; habitual; ordinary
    • ·usually; normally; generally; habitually; always
    N3
  • つまり
    • ·that is to say; that is; in other words; I mean; that (this, it) means
    • ·in short; in brief; to sum up; ultimately; in the end; in the long run; when all is said and done; what it all comes down to; when you get right down to it; basically
    • ·clogging; obstruction; stuffing; (degree of) blockage
    • ·shrinkage
    • ·end; conclusion
    • ·dead end; corner
    • ·distress; being at the end of one's rope
    N3
  • 太陽たいよう
    • ·Sun
    N3
  • とき
    • ·time; hour; moment
    • ·occasion; case
    • ·chance; opportunity; season
    • ·the times; the age; the day
    • ·tense
    N3
  • 変化へんか
    • ·change; variation; alteration; mutation; transition; transformation
    • ·variety; diversity
    • ·inflection; declension; conjugation
    • ·henka; (expl.) evasive sidestep at the beginning of a bout
    N3
  • すでに
    • ·already
    • ·previously; before
    • ·undeniably; unmistakably; in the first place
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • 起こるおこるAs it appears here: 起こります
    • ·to occur; to happen
    N3
  • 意識いしき
    • ·consciousness
    • ·becoming aware (of); awareness; sense
    • ·mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)
    N3
  • みごと
    • ·splendid; magnificent; excellent; fine; superb; beautiful; admirable
    • ·utter (esp. defeat); total; complete
    • ·something worth seeing; sight; spectacle
    N3
  • 注ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • 照明しょうめい
    • ·illumination; lighting
    N1
  • 視覚しかく
    • ·(sense of) sight; eyesight; vision
    N1
  • 仕組みしくみ
    • ·structure; construction; arrangement; contrivance; mechanism; workings
    • ·plan; plot; contrivance
    N1
Grammar3 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • の下でN23 times in this passage

    under the supervision, conditions, or influence of ~ — 'under ~', 'based on ~'

    本来、異なる種類の光源（たとえば太陽光と蛍光灯）のもとでは、同じイチゴでも異なる色の見え方をするはずです。

    In principle, under different kinds of light sources—for example, sunlight and fluorescent light—the same strawberry should appear to have different colors.

  • といったN2

    Introduces representative examples before a summarizing noun — "(things) such as ~", "~ and the like".

    そのため、光源の色や明るさが太陽の色とは変わっても、その変化した照明のもとで見るイチゴの色を、すでに知っているイチゴの色に近づけて知覚してしまう、といったことが起こります。

    As a result, even when the color or brightness of the light source differs from sunlight, we tend to perceive the color of a strawberry under that altered lighting as closer to the strawberry color we already know.

  • ことなくN2

    'Without ~ing' — an action performed while never doing the stated thing. 'without ~'.

    これを色の恒常性といいますが、意識することなく行われている、視覚のみごとな仕組みのひとつです。

    This is called color constancy, and it is one of the remarkable mechanisms of vision that operates without our conscious awareness.

Other levels14 patterns
  • 例えば（たとえば）N3

    Introduces an illustrative instance, 'for example / for instance'.

    本来、異なる種類の光源（たとえば太陽光と蛍光灯）のもとでは、同じイチゴでも異なる色の見え方をするはずです。

    In principle, under different kinds of light sources—for example, sunlight and fluorescent light—the same strawberry should appear to have different colors.

  • ところがN3

    Sentence-initial conjunction introducing a result that runs contrary to what was expected — "however; but (unexpectedly)".

    ところが、私たちはふだん生活している中で、つまり太陽の光のもとで見たとき、イチゴがどんな色をしているのかを知っています。

    However, in our everyday lives—that is, when viewing strawberries under sunlight—we already know what color strawberries are.

  • つまりN3

    Restates or sums up the preceding statement more plainly — 'in other words / that is to say'.

    ところが、私たちはふだん生活している中で、つまり太陽の光のもとで見たとき、イチゴがどんな色をしているのかを知っています。

    However, in our everyday lives—that is, when viewing strawberries under sunlight—we already know what color strawberries are.

  • ためにN3

    marks a purpose ('in order to') or a cause ('because of / owing to').

    そのため、光源の色や明るさが太陽の色とは変わっても、その変化した照明のもとで見るイチゴの色を、すでに知っているイチゴの色に近づけて知覚してしまう、といったことが起こります。

    As a result, even when the color or brightness of the light source differs from sunlight, we tend to perceive the color of a strawberry under that altered lighting as closer to the strawberry color we already know.

  • すでにN3

    Adverb stating an action is 'already' done or a situation already holds.

    そのため、光源の色や明るさが太陽の色とは変わっても、その変化した照明のもとで見るイチゴの色を、すでに知っているイチゴの色に近づけて知覚してしまう、といったことが起こります。

    As a result, even when the color or brightness of the light source differs from sunlight, we tend to perceive the color of a strawberry under that altered lighting as closer to the strawberry color we already know.

  • といい／たらいいN3

    Expresses a hope or gentle suggestion — "it'd be good if", "you should", "I hope ~".

    これを色の恒常性といいますが、意識することなく行われている、視覚のみごとな仕組みのひとつです。

    This is called color constancy, and it is one of the remarkable mechanisms of vision that operates without our conscious awareness.

  • によって/によるN3

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    （近江源太郎監修『色の名前』による）

    (Based on Omi Gentaro, supervising editor, “Names of Colors”)

  • はずだN4

    Expresses the speaker's reasoned confidence that something is or should be the case — 'should, ought to, is supposed to'.

    本来、異なる種類の光源（たとえば太陽光と蛍光灯）のもとでは、同じイチゴでも異なる色の見え方をするはずです。

    In principle, under different kinds of light sources—for example, sunlight and fluorescent light—the same strawberry should appear to have different colors.

  • ときN4

    Marks the time at which something happens — "when X, Y."

    ところが、私たちはふだん生活している中で、つまり太陽の光のもとで見たとき、イチゴがどんな色をしているのかを知っています。

    However, in our everyday lives—that is, when viewing strawberries under sunlight—we already know what color strawberries are.

  • てもN4

    Concessive — 'even if / even though …'; the main clause holds regardless of the te-clause.

    そのため、光源の色や明るさが太陽の色とは変わっても、その変化した照明のもとで見るイチゴの色を、すでに知っているイチゴの色に近づけて知覚してしまう、といったことが起こります。

    As a result, even when the color or brightness of the light source differs from sunlight, we tend to perceive the color of a strawberry under that altered lighting as closer to the strawberry color we already know.

  • 〜てしまう / 〜ちゃうN4

    Verb te-form plus しまう, marking an action as fully completed or done regrettably/by accident — 'end up ...ing' / 'finish ...ing'; ちゃう/じゃう is the casual contraction.

    そのため、光源の色や明るさが太陽の色とは変わっても、その変化した照明のもとで見るイチゴの色を、すでに知っているイチゴの色に近づけて知覚してしまう、といったことが起こります。

    As a result, even when the color or brightness of the light source differs from sunlight, we tend to perceive the color of a strawberry under that altered lighting as closer to the strawberry color we already know.

  • 〜ているN55 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    ところが、私たちはふだん生活している中で、つまり太陽の光のもとで見たとき、イチゴがどんな色をしているのかを知っています。

    However, in our everyday lives—that is, when viewing strawberries under sunlight—we already know what color strawberries are.

  • どんなN5

    Asks or specifies what kind or sort of thing something is, "what kind of".

    ところが、私たちはふだん生活している中で、つまり太陽の光のもとで見たとき、イチゴがどんな色をしているのかを知っています。

    However, in our everyday lives—that is, when viewing strawberries under sunlight—we already know what color strawberries are.

  • だ / ですN5

    The copula linking a noun or na-adjective to the subject — plain だ / polite です, 'is/am/are'.

    これを色の恒常性といいますが、意識することなく行われている、視覚のみごとな仕組みのひとつです。

    This is called color constancy, and it is one of the remarkable mechanisms of vision that operates without our conscious awareness.

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