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N2 · Upper intermediateMedium passagePassage #559
2

はなあいには、たいがい(注1)すぐちかいてそのときそのぶんかんがひょうげんあたながらさらなるかんがすすいく。(ちゅうりゃく

それたい、①というひょうげんあいには、たいていひとりで、じっくりかんかけてノートパソコンなど使つかかんがこと文字もじしていったりあるいはかんがながら文字もじしていくことおおはずですかんがことずに文字もじとしてのこことも、はなあいとはおおちがてんですちょうどほんというかつメデイア(注2)が、どくしゃにとってぶんペースかんがながらいくことできるのとおなに、というこうはなのとちがぶんペースで、もどり(注3)ながらかんがすすいくことできるひょうげんほうほうなのです

しかもかんがこと文字もじしていくあいいいげんあいまいままかんがでは、なかなかぶんしょうなりませんなんわかっていることでも、はなことなら、「なん」のニュアンス(注4)のこままあいつたことのうではありませんそれたいことあいには、そのなん」はまったくつたあいおおです使つかかおひょうじょうだってにはつたそれだけあいまいではなくはっきりかんがていちゃくさせることもとですそのようで、というこうは、もやはやした(注5)アイデアめいかくことばあたいくことありだからこそことかんがりきついていくです

かり剛彦たけひこてきふくがんこうほうだれいるそうぞうりょくスイッチによる

ちゅう1)たいがいたいてい

ちゅう2)かつメデイアここでは、かつもの

ちゅう3)もどりつ:おこなきたり

ちゅう4)ニュアンスここでは、みょうかん

ちゅう5)もやもやしたぼんやりした

Questions

0/3 answered
  1. 1書くという表現をする場合の特徴として、筆者が述べているのはどれか。
  2. 2「何となく」はまったく伝わらない場合が多いとあるが、なぜか。
  3. 3この文章で筆者が最も言いたいことは何か。

Study this passage

Vocabulary6 words
  • 活字かつじ
    • ·(piece of) type; movable type; moveable type; printing type
    • ·printed word; printed matter; print
    N2
  • あいまい
    • ·vague; ambiguous; unclear
    • ·shady; disreputable
    • ·fuzzy
    N2
  • 何となくなんとなく
    • ·somehow; for some reason (or other); without knowing why
    N2
  • 伝わるつたわるAs it appears here: 伝わらない
    • ·to spread (of a rumour, news, etc.); to travel; to circulate; to go around; to be passed around; to become known
    • ·to be handed down (from generation to generation); to be passed down
    • ·to be introduced (to a country, region, etc.); to be brought; to come
    • ·to be conveyed (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to be felt; to come across
    • ·to travel (of sound, electricity, etc.); to propagate; to be conducted; to be transmitted
    • ·to go along; to move along
    N2
  • 伝わるつたわるAs it appears here: 伝わりません
    • ·to spread (of a rumour, news, etc.); to travel; to circulate; to go around; to be passed around; to become known
    • ·to be handed down (from generation to generation); to be passed down
    • ·to be introduced (to a country, region, etc.); to be brought; to come
    • ·to be conveyed (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to be felt; to come across
    • ·to travel (of sound, electricity, etc.); to propagate; to be conducted; to be transmitted
    • ·to go along; to move along
    N2
  • つくAs it appears here: ついて
    • ·to be lit (of a lamp, burner, etc.); to catch fire; to ignite; to start burning
    • ·to be turned on (of a light, appliance, etc.); to come on
    N2
Other levels78 words
  • 話すはなす
    • ·to talk; to speak; to converse; to chat
    • ·to tell; to explain; to narrate; to mention; to describe; to discuss
    • ·to speak (a language)
    N5
  • 近くちかく
    • ·near; neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity
    • ·nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to
    • ·shortly; soon
    N5
  • いるAs it appears here: いて
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • 自分じぶん
    • ·myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself
    • ·I; me
    • ·you
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • 書くかく
    • ·to write; to compose; to pen
    • ·to draw; to paint
    N5
  • ひとり
    • ·one person
    • ·being alone; being by oneself
    • ·being single; being unmarried
    • ·by oneself; alone
    • ·just; only; simply
    N5
  • 時間じかん
    • ·time
    • ·hour
    • ·period; class; lesson
    N5
  • かけるAs it appears here: かけて
    • ·to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to suspend (from); to hoist (e.g. sail); to raise (e.g. flag)
    • ·to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to cover; to lay; to spread
    • ·to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.)
    • ·to make (a call)
    • ·to spend (time, money); to expend; to use
    • ·to pour (liquid) onto; to sprinkle (powder or spices) onto; to splash; to throw (e.g. water) onto
    • ·to turn on (an engine, radio, etc.); to set (a dial, alarm clock, etc.); to put on (a DVD, song, etc.); to use (a device, implement, etc.)
    • ·to cause (someone inconvenience, trouble, etc.); to burden (someone); to impose
    • ·to multiply (arithmetic operation)
    • ·to secure (e.g. lock)
    • ·to take a seat; to sit; to rest (something on something else); to support (something on something else)
    • ·to bind
    • ·to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble
    • ·to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on
    • ·to hold (a play, festival, etc.)
    • ·to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.)
    • ·to argue (in court); to deliberate (in a meeting); to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.)
    • ·to increase further
    • ·to catch (in a trap, etc.)
    • ·to set atop
    • ·to erect (a makeshift building)
    • ·to apply (insurance)
    • ·to pun (on a word); to use (a word) as a pivot word; to play on words
    • ·to be partway doing ...; to begin (but not complete) ...; to be about to ...
    • ·to address (someone); to direct (something, to someone); to do (something, to someone)
    N5
  • 使うつかうAs it appears here: 使って
    • ·to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use
    • ·to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate
    • ·to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume
    • ·to use (language); to speak
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 多いおおい
    • ·many; numerous; a lot
    • ·large amount of; large quantity of; a lot; much
    • ·frequent; common
    N5
  • 消えるきえるAs it appears here: 消え
    • ·to disappear; to vanish; to go out of sight; to go away; to become lost
    • ·to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to turn off (e.g. of a TV screen)
    • ·to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope)
    • ·to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness); to disappear; to fade away (e.g. of footsteps)
    • ·to wear away (e.g. of an inscription); to rub out (of writing); to fade (e.g. of ink)
    • ·to be lost (e.g. of a tradition); to die out; to disappear
    N5
  • 大きいおおきいAs it appears here: 大きく
    • ·big; large; great
    • ·loud
    • ·extensive; spacious
    • ·important; decisive; valuable
    • ·older; grown-up
    N5
  • 違うちがう
    • ·to differ (from); to be different; to be distinct; to be unlike; to vary; to disagree (with)
    • ·to be wrong; to be incorrect; to be mistaken
    • ·to become abnormal; to go wrong
    • ·isn't it?; wasn't it?
    N5
  • ちょうど
    • ·exactly; precisely; just; right; opportunely; fortunately
    • ·just (like); as if; as though
    N5
  • ほん
    • ·book; volume; script
    • ·this; present; current; ... in question; ... at issue
    • ·main; head; principal
    • ·real; genuine; regular; proper
    • ·counter for long, thin objects (sticks, tubes, strings, bottles, pillars, rivers, rail lines, etc.)
    • ·counter for films, TV shows, etc.
    • ·counter for telephone calls, letters, and emails
    • ·counter for goals, home runs, etc.
    • ·counter for rounds or points (in judo, kendo, etc.)
    N5
  • 読むよむAs it appears here: 読んで
    • ·to read
    • ·to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant
    • ·to predict; to guess; to forecast; to read (someone's thoughts); to see (e.g. into someone's heart); to divine
    • ·to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
    • ·to decipher; to read (a meter, graph, music, etc.); to tell (the time)
    • ·to count; to estimate
    • ·to read (a kanji) with its native Japanese reading
    N5
  • できる
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • 違うちがうAs it appears here: 違って
    • ·to differ (from); to be different; to be distinct; to be unlike; to vary; to disagree (with)
    • ·to be wrong; to be incorrect; to be mistaken
    • ·to become abnormal; to go wrong
    • ·isn't it?; wasn't it?
    N5
  • 行くいくAs it appears here: 行き
    • ·to go; to move (towards); to head (towards); to leave (for)
    • ·to move through; to travel across; to walk along (e.g. a road)
    • ·to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to turn out; to get along
    • ·to do (in a particular way); to go (with; a choice); to try
    • ·to pass (of time, seasons, etc.); to go by
    • ·to stream; to flow
    • ·to die; to pass away
    • ·to reach (a stage, extent, age, etc.); to get to; to go (so far as ...)
    • ·to reach (of information, instructions, wind, etc.); to arrive
    • ·to continue ...; to go on ...; to (progress) steadily; to gradually ...; to progressively ...
    • ·to have an orgasm; to come; to cum
    • ·to trip; to get high; to have a drug-induced hallucination
    N5
  • するAs it appears here:
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 文章ぶんしょう
    • ·writing; composition; essay; article; passage; prose; (writing) style
    • ·sentence
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なりません
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • わかるAs it appears here: わかって
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow
    • ·to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized (realised); to be found out; to make sense
    • ·I know!; I think so too!
    N5
  • あるAs it appears here: ありません
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: させる
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 意味いみ
    • ·meaning; significance; sense
    N5
  • ことば
    • ·language; dialect
    • ·word; phrase; expression; term
    • ·speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language
    • ·words; remark; statement; comment
    • ·learning to speak; language acquisition
    N5
  • 持つもつAs it appears here: 持って
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • ここ
    • ·here; this place
    • ·this point; here; now
    • ·these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
    • ·the next ... (e.g. few days); these next ...
    N5
  • 書くかくAs it appears here: 書かれた
    • ·to write; to compose; to pen
    • ·to draw; to paint
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • くるAs it appears here: きたり
    • ·to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive
    • ·to come back; to do ... and come back
    • ·to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue
    • ·to come from; to be caused by; to derive from
    • ·to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: した
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 場合ばあい
    • ·case; occasion; situation; circumstances
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考えた
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • はず
    • ·should (be); bound (to be); expected (to be); must (be)
    • ·nock (of a bow)
    • ·nock (of an arrow)
    • ·nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger)
    • ·wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
    N4
  • 残るのこる
    • ·to remain; to be left
    N4
  • てん
    • ·dot; spot; point; speck; mark
    • ·mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; score; points
    • ·point (in a game); score; goal; run
    • ·point
    • ·point; aspect; matter; detail; part; respect; way; viewpoint
    • ·(punctuation) mark (e.g. comma, period, decimal point); dot
    • ·"dot" stroke (in a Chinese character)
    • ·counter for points, marks, goals, etc.
    • ·counter for goods, items, articles of clothing, works of art, etc.
    N4
  • もどるAs it appears here: もどり
    • ·to turn back (e.g. half-way)
    • ·to return; to go back
    • ·to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned
    • ·to rebound; to spring back
    N4
  • 伝えるつたえる
    • ·to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart; to propagate; to teach; to bequeath
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえる
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 行うおこなうAs it appears here: 行ったり
    • ·to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
    N4
  • とき
    • ·time; hour; moment
    • ·occasion; case
    • ·chance; opportunity; season
    • ·the times; the age; the day
    • ·tense
    N3
    • ·place; spot; space
    • ·field; discipline; sphere; realm
    • ·occasion; situation
    • ·scene (of a play, movie, etc.)
    • ·session
    • ·field; table; area in which cards are laid out
    • ·round (east, south, etc.)
    • ·field
    • ·field (in Gestalt psychology)
    N3
  • 考えかんがえ
    • ·thinking; thought; view; opinion; concept
    • ·idea; notion; imagination
    • ·intention; plan; design
    • ·consideration; judgement; deliberation; reflection
    • ·wish; hope; expectation
    N3
  • 表現ひょうげん
    • ·expression; representation; description
    • ·representation (of a group)
    N3
  • 与えるあたえるAs it appears here: 与え
    • ·to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to grant; to confer; to present; to award
    • ·to provide; to afford; to offer; to supply
    • ·to assign
    • ·to cause
    • ·to pass (a variable to a function)
    N3
  • 進めるすすめるAs it appears here: 進めて
    • ·to advance; to move forward; to put (a clock, watch) forward
    • ·to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to make progress in; to further; to advance; to hasten; to speed up
    • ·to raise; to elevate; to promote; to develop; to stimulate (e.g. one's appetite)
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • 文字もじ
    • ·letter (of an alphabet); character
    • ·writing
    N3
  • あるいは
    • ·or; either ... or
    • ·maybe; perhaps; possibly
    • ·some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...
    N3
  • 方法ほうほう
    • ·method; way; manner; process; procedure; means; measure
    N3
  • しかも
    • ·moreover; furthermore
    • ·nevertheless; and yet
    N3
  • 加減かげん
    • ·degree; extent; amount; balance; state; condition
    • ·(health) condition; state of health
    • ·adjustment; moderation; regulation
    • ·addition and subtraction
    • ·slight sign of ...; slight state of ...
    • ·just right for ...
    N3
  • なかなか
    • ·very; considerably; easily; readily; fairly; quite; highly; rather
    • ·by no means; not readily
    • ·middle; half-way point
    • ·excellent; wonderful; very good
    N3
  • 残すのこすAs it appears here: 残した
    • ·to leave (behind)
    • ·to leave (undone); to not finish
    • ·to save; to set aside; to reserve
    • ·to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death); to bequeath
    • ·to stay (in the ring); to hold on
    N3
  • 相手あいて
    • ·companion; partner; company
    • ·other party; addressee; counterparty
    • ·opponent (sports, etc.)
    N3
  • まったく
    • ·really; truly; entirely; completely; wholly; perfectly
    • ·indeed
    • ·good grief
    N3
  • 表情ひょうじょう
    • ·facial expression; countenance
    • ·look; appearance; expression (vocal, etc.)
    N3
  • 求めるもとめるAs it appears here: 求められる
    • ·to want; to wish for
    • ·to request; to demand; to require; to ask for
    • ·to seek; to search for; to look for; to pursue (pleasure); to hunt (a job); to find (a solution)
    • ·to purchase; to buy
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • 明確めいかく
    • ·clear; precise; definite; distinct
    N3
  • 与えるあたえるAs it appears here: 与えて
    • ·to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to grant; to confer; to present; to award
    • ·to provide; to afford; to offer; to supply
    • ·to assign
    • ·to cause
    • ·to pass (a variable to a function)
    N3
  • ほう
    • ·law; act; principle
    • ·method
    • ·mood
    • ·dharma; law
    N3
  • ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • 微妙びみょう
    • ·subtle; delicate; fine
    • ·difficult; complex; tricky; delicate (situation, position, etc.); close (e.g. decision)
    • ·doubtful; questionable; dicey
    • ·not great; iffy
    • ·slightly; somewhat; a little bit
    N3
  • 感じかんじ
    • ·feeling; sense; impression
    N3
  • たいがい
    • ·generally; mainly; usually; normally; mostly; for the most part
    • ·nearly all; almost all; most
    • ·gist; summary; outline; main idea
    • ·staying within bounds; not overdoing (something); not getting carried away; not going too far; being moderate
    • ·probably; perhaps; in all likelihood
    • ·considerably; greatly; really
    N1
  • すぐ
    • ·immediately; at once; right away; directly
    • ·soon; before long; shortly
    • ·easily; readily; without difficulty
    • ·right (near); nearby; just (handy)
    • ·honest; upright; frank; straightforward
    N1
  • 読者どくしゃ
    • ·reader
    N1
  • 行為こうい
    • ·act; deed; conduct
    N1
  • 身振りみぶり
    • ·gesture; gesticulation; motion
    N1
  • はやすAs it appears here: はやした
    • ·to grow; to cultivate
    • ·to let grow (e.g. weeds)
    N1
  • 知的ちてき
    • ·intellectual
    N1
  • 思考しこう
    • ·thought; consideration; thinking
    N1
Grammar3 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • あるいはN2

    Presents an alternative or a possibility — 'or; or perhaps; alternatively'.

    それに対して、①書くという表現の場合には、たいていはひとりで、じっくり時間をかけて、ノートやパソコンなどを使って、考えたことを文字にしていったり、あるいは考えながら文字にしていくことが多いはずです。

    In contrast, when expressing ourselves through writing, we are usually alone, taking plenty of time and using a notebook or computer to put what we have thought into words, or to write while thinking.

  • しかもN2

    Additive conjunction adding a further, often stronger point — 'moreover, and what's more'.

    しかも、考えたことを文字にしていく場合、いい加減であいまいなままの考えでは、なかなか文章になりません。

    Moreover, when putting thoughts into writing, vague and half-formed ideas are difficult to turn into sentences.

  • だってN2

    Colloquial particle adding 'even/too', giving a reason 'but/because', or reporting hearsay 'they say ~'.

    顔の表情だって、読み手には伝わりません。

    Even our facial expressions cannot be conveyed to the reader.

Other levels25 patterns
  • だの~だのN1

    Reduplicated listing particle citing examples with a tone of complaint or exasperation ("what with X and Y and all that").

    ちょうど本という活字メデイアが、読者にとって自分のペースで考えながら読んでいくことができるのと同じように、書くという行為は話すのと違って自分ペースで、行きつもどりつしながら、考えを進めていくことができる表現方法なのです。

    Just as books, a form of print media, allow readers to read and think at their own pace, writing, unlike speaking, is a means of expression that lets us develop our thoughts at our own pace, moving back and forth as we do so.

  • に対してN32 times in this passage

    Marks the target or object an action is directed at, or sets up a contrast between two things, 'toward / with regard to / in contrast to'.

    それに対して、①書くという表現の場合には、たいていはひとりで、じっくり時間をかけて、ノートやパソコンなどを使って、考えたことを文字にしていったり、あるいは考えながら文字にしていくことが多いはずです。

    In contrast, when expressing ourselves through writing, we are usually alone, taking plenty of time and using a notebook or computer to put what we have thought into words, or to write while thinking.

  • というN34 times in this passage

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    それに対して、①書くという表現の場合には、たいていはひとりで、じっくり時間をかけて、ノートやパソコンなどを使って、考えたことを文字にしていったり、あるいは考えながら文字にしていくことが多いはずです。

    In contrast, when expressing ourselves through writing, we are usually alone, taking plenty of time and using a notebook or computer to put what we have thought into words, or to write while thinking.

  • ずにN3

    Marks doing one thing without doing another; a more formal equivalent of 〜ないで — 'without …ing'.

    考えたことが消えずに文字として残ることも、話す場合とは大きく違う点です。

    Another major difference from speaking is that what we have thought does not disappear but remains in written form.

  • としてN3

    Marks the role, capacity, or status in which someone or something acts — "as (a doctor / a rule / etc.)".

    考えたことが消えずに文字として残ることも、話す場合とは大きく違う点です。

    Another major difference from speaking is that what we have thought does not disappear but remains in written form.

  • にとってN3

    Marks the person or thing from whose standpoint something is judged or matters; 'for', 'to'.

    ちょうど本という活字メデイアが、読者にとって自分のペースで考えながら読んでいくことができるのと同じように、書くという行為は話すのと違って自分ペースで、行きつもどりつしながら、考えを進めていくことができる表現方法なのです。

    Just as books, a form of print media, allow readers to read and think at their own pace, writing, unlike speaking, is a means of expression that lets us develop our thoughts at our own pace, moving back and forth as we do so.

  • なかなかN3

    An adverb meaning "quite / considerably", or with a following negative verb "not easily / just won't".

    しかも、考えたことを文字にしていく場合、いい加減であいまいなままの考えでは、なかなか文章になりません。

    Moreover, when putting thoughts into writing, vague and half-formed ideas are difficult to turn into sentences.

  • ままN3

    Expresses that a state is left unchanged while something else is done or happens; 'as it is / while still (in that state).'

    何となくわかっていることでも、話し言葉でなら、「何となく」のニュアンスを残したまま相手に伝えることも不可能ではありません。

    Even with something we only vaguely understand, spoken language can sometimes convey it to another person while preserving that vague “sort of” nuance.

  • こそN3

    Emphatic particle singling out the preceding word as precisely the right or decisive one — 'precisely, exactly, ...for sure.'

    そのような意味で、書くという行為は、もやはやしたアイデアに明確なことばを与えていくことであり、だからこそ、書くことで考える力もついていくのです。

    In that sense, writing is the act of giving clear words to hazy ideas, and precisely for that reason, writing also develops our ability to think.

  • ついN3

    Marks an action done unintentionally or on impulse, in spite of oneself — "can't help but, without meaning to".

    そのような意味で、書くという行為は、もやはやしたアイデアに明確なことばを与えていくことであり、だからこそ、書くことで考える力もついていくのです。

    In that sense, writing is the act of giving clear words to hazy ideas, and precisely for that reason, writing also develops our ability to think.

  • によって/によるN3

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    (苅谷剛彦『知的複眼思考法ー誰でも持っている創造力のスイッチ』による

    (Based on Kariya Takehiko, Intellectual Multi-Perspective Thinking: The Switch for Creativity That Everyone Possesses)

  • 場合は(ばあいは)N42 times in this passage

    States the situation or condition under which something applies — 'in the case of; in the event that; if'.

    話す場合には、たいがい、聞き手がすぐ近くにいて、そのとき、その場で自分の考えに表現を与えながら、さらなる考えを進めていく。

    When speaking, the listener is usually nearby, and at that very time and place, we give expression to our thoughts while continuing to develop them further.

  • ときN4

    Marks the time at which something happens — "when X, Y."

    話す場合には、たいがい、聞き手がすぐ近くにいて、そのとき、その場で自分の考えに表現を与えながら、さらなる考えを進めていく。

    When speaking, the listener is usually nearby, and at that very time and place, we give expression to our thoughts while continuing to develop them further.

  • ながらN44 times in this passage

    Attaches to a verb stem to show two actions by the same subject happening at once — 'while (doing) / as'.

    話す場合には、たいがい、聞き手がすぐ近くにいて、そのとき、その場で自分の考えに表現を与えながら、さらなる考えを進めていく。

    When speaking, the listener is usually nearby, and at that very time and place, we give expression to our thoughts while continuing to develop them further.

  • 〜ていくN48 times in this passage

    Marks an action that continues/progresses onward from the present, or is done before moving away — 'to go on doing', 'to do and go'.

    話す場合には、たいがい、聞き手がすぐ近くにいて、そのとき、その場で自分の考えに表現を与えながら、さらなる考えを進めていく

    When speaking, the listener is usually nearby, and at that very time and place, we give expression to our thoughts while continuing to develop them further.

  • などN4

    Lists one or more representative items and implies others of the same kind exist — 'and so on / etc. / such as'.

    それに対して、①書くという表現の場合には、たいていはひとりで、じっくり時間をかけて、ノートやパソコンなどを使って、考えたことを文字にしていったり、あるいは考えながら文字にしていくことが多いはずです。

    In contrast, when expressing ourselves through writing, we are usually alone, taking plenty of time and using a notebook or computer to put what we have thought into words, or to write while thinking.

  • はずだN4

    Expresses the speaker's reasoned confidence that something is or should be the case — 'should, ought to, is supposed to'.

    それに対して、①書くという表現の場合には、たいていはひとりで、じっくり時間をかけて、ノートやパソコンなどを使って、考えたことを文字にしていったり、あるいは考えながら文字にしていくことが多いはずです

    In contrast, when expressing ourselves through writing, we are usually alone, taking plenty of time and using a notebook or computer to put what we have thought into words, or to write while thinking.

  • させるN4

    Causative construction — make or let someone do an action ('make/let ~ do').

    それだけ、あいまいではなく、はっきりと考えを定着させることが求められるのです。

    For that very reason, we are required to establish our thoughts clearly rather than leave them ambiguous.

  • ようだN4

    Expresses conjecture or resemblance drawn from evidence, "it seems / looks like".

    そのような意味で、書くという行為は、もやはやしたアイデアに明確なことばを与えていくことであり、だからこそ、書くことで考える力もついていくのです。

    In that sense, writing is the act of giving clear words to hazy ideas, and precisely for that reason, writing also develops our ability to think.

  • にするN53 times in this passage

    To decide on or turn something into a given state or choice, 'to make it ~ / to go with ~.'

    それに対して、①書くという表現の場合には、たいていはひとりで、じっくり時間をかけて、ノートやパソコンなどを使って、考えたことを文字にしていったり、あるいは考えながら文字にしていくことが多いはずです。

    In contrast, when expressing ourselves through writing, we are usually alone, taking plenty of time and using a notebook or computer to put what we have thought into words, or to write while thinking.

  • 〜たり〜たりN53 times in this passage

    Lists a few representative actions among others done at various times, 'do things like X and Y'.

    それに対して、①書くという表現の場合には、たいていはひとりで、じっくり時間をかけて、ノートやパソコンなどを使って、考えたことを文字にしていったり、あるいは考えながら文字にしていくことが多いはずです。

    In contrast, when expressing ourselves through writing, we are usually alone, taking plenty of time and using a notebook or computer to put what we have thought into words, or to write while thinking.

  • だ / ですN55 times in this passage

    The copula linking a noun or na-adjective to the subject — plain だ / polite です, 'is/am/are'.

    考えたことが消えずに文字として残ることも、話す場合とは大きく違う点です

    Another major difference from speaking is that what we have thought does not disappear but remains in written form.

  • 〜ことができるN52 times in this passage

    States that someone is able to do something — “can do” / “is able to do”.

    ちょうど本という活字メデイアが、読者にとって自分のペースで考えながら読んでいくことができるのと同じように、書くという行為は話すのと違って自分ペースで、行きつもどりつしながら、考えを進めていくことができる表現方法なのです。

    Just as books, a form of print media, allow readers to read and think at their own pace, writing, unlike speaking, is a means of expression that lets us develop our thoughts at our own pace, moving back and forth as we do so.

  • 〜ているN52 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    何となくわかっていることでも、話し言葉でなら、「何となく」のニュアンスを残したまま相手に伝えることも不可能ではありません。

    Even with something we only vaguely understand, spoken language can sometimes convey it to another person while preserving that vague “sort of” nuance.

  • じゃない・ではないN5

    Negates a noun or na-adjective with the copula, "is not / am not".

    何となくわかっていることでも、話し言葉でなら、「何となく」のニュアンスを残したまま相手に伝えることも不可能ではありません

    Even with something we only vaguely understand, spoken language can sometimes convey it to another person while preserving that vague “sort of” nuance.

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