• 動物どうぶつ
  • ·animal
  N5
• もの
  • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
  • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
  • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
  • ·quality
  • ·reason; the way of things
  • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
  • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
  • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
  • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
  • ·really; truly
  N5
• 食べるたべるAs it appears here: 食べて
  • ·to eat
  • ·to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
  N5
• ヒトひと
  • ·person; someone; somebody
  • ·human beings; mankind; man; people; humans
  • ·human (Homo sapiens)
  • ·(other) people; others
  • ·character; personality; nature
  • ·capable person; competent person; suitable person; right person
  • ·adult; grown-up
  • ·I; me; one
  N5
• 料理りょうり
  • ·cooking; cookery; cuisine; food; dish
  • ·dealing with (skillfully); handling (well); managing
  N5
• おいしいAs it appears here: おいしくない
  • ·good(-tasting); nice; delicious; tasty
  • ·attractive (offer, opportunity, etc.); appealing; convenient; favorable; desirable; profitable
  N5
• 熱いあついAs it appears here: 熱く
  • ·hot (to the touch)
  • ·passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. gaze)
  • ·hot (e.g. temper)
  • ·zealous; enthusiastic; fired up
  • ·intense; severe; extreme
  • ·hot (topic); of interest
  N5
• するAs it appears here: した
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• 冷たいつめたいAs it appears here: 冷たく
  • ·cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; freezing
  • ·(emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling; indifferent; unfriendly; distant
  N5
• 熱いあつい
  • ·hot (to the touch)
  • ·passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. gaze)
  • ·hot (e.g. temper)
  • ·zealous; enthusiastic; fired up
  • ·intense; severe; extreme
  • ·hot (topic); of interest
  N5
• 冷たいつめたい
  • ·cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; freezing
  • ·(emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling; indifferent; unfriendly; distant
  N5
• 使うつかうAs it appears here: 使って
  • ·to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use
  • ·to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate
  • ·to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume
  • ·to use (language); to speak
  N5
• する
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• するAs it appears here: して
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• するAs it appears here: すれば
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• これ
  • ·this; this one
  • ·this person
  • ·now; this point (in time)
  • ·here
  • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
  • ·I; me
  N5
• 人ひと
  • ·person; someone; somebody
  • ·human beings; mankind; man; people; humans
  • ·human (Homo sapiens)
  • ·(other) people; others
  • ·character; personality; nature
  • ·capable person; competent person; suitable person; right person
  • ·adult; grown-up
  • ·I; me; one
  N5
• つくるAs it appears here: つくって
  • ·to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct
  • ·to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol)
  • ·to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train
  • ·to till
  • ·to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write
  • ·to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose
  • ·to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found
  • ·to have (a child)
  • ·to make up (one's face, etc.)
  • ·to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
  • ·to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion
  • ·to form (a line, etc.)
  • ·to set (a record)
  • ·to commit (a sin, etc.)
  N5
• つよい
  • ·strong; potent; competent; domineering; tough
  • ·strong; brawny; powerful; healthy; rugged
  • ·good (at); skilled; knowledgeable
  • ·being able to handle; know how to deal (with); durable (against); resistant (to); resilient
  • ·firm; rigid; solid
  • ·intense; strong; fierce; high
  • ·dependable; trustworthy
  N5
• ふつう
  • ·normal; ordinary; regular; usual; common; average
  • ·normally; ordinarily; usually; generally; commonly
  • ·local train; train that stops at every station
  N4
• 別べつ
  • ·distinction; difference; discrimination
  • ·separate; different; another; extra
  • ·exception; exclusion
  • ·classified by; ranked by; according to
  N4
• ところが
  • ·even so; however; still; whereupon; even though; nevertheless; on the contrary; as a matter of fact; despite
  N3
• よう
  • ·appearing ...; looking ...
  • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
  • ·form; style; design
  • ·like; similar to
  • ·thing (thought or spoken)
  N3
• 好むこのむAs it appears here: 好みません
  • ·to like; to prefer
  N3
• むしろ
  • ·rather; better; instead; if anything
  N3
• 好むこのむAs it appears here: 好みます
  • ·to like; to prefer
  N3
• におい
  • ·smell; scent; odour; odor; stench
  • ·aura; whiff; smack; flavour; flavor; mood
  • ·faint, mist-like pattern along the temper line of a Japanese sword
  N3
• 手段しゅだん
  • ·means; way; measure
  N3
• 食欲しょくよく
  • ·appetite (for food)
  N3
• 刺激しげき
  • ·stimulus; stimulation; irritation (esp. of the body, e.g. skin, eyes)
  • ·impetus; impulse; stimulus; spur; incentive; encouragement; stimulation; motivation; provocation
  • ·excitement; thrill
  N3
• 違いちがい
  • ·difference; distinction; discrepancy
  • ·mistake; error
  N3
• 強調きょうちょう
  • ·emphasis; stress; highlighting; underlining; underscoring
  • ·accentuating (a feature or certain part); accenting
  • ·strong tone (of the market); firm tone
  N3
• 注ちゅう
  • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
  N3
• 強烈きょうれつ
  • ·strong; intense; severe
  N1

Example sentences are translated by AI.

• ところがN3

  Sentence-initial conjunction introducing a result that runs contrary to what was expected — "however; but (unexpectedly)".

  ところが、ヒトは冷めた料理はおいしくないというように、常温の料理を好みません。

  Humans, however, do not like food at room temperature, as seen in the idea that a dish that has cooled down is not tasty.

• というN3

  Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

  ところが、ヒトは冷めた料理はおいしくないというように、常温の料理を好みません。

  Humans, however, do not like food at room temperature, as seen in the idea that a dish that has cooled down is not tasty.

• むしろN3

  Adverb overturning an expectation to present the following as the more fitting statement; "rather / if anything".

  むしろ、熱くした料理や、冷たくした料理を好みます。

  Rather, people prefer food that has been heated or chilled.

• たものだN3

  recalls a past habitual action with fondness or nostalgia, 'used to (do)'.

  こうした言い方は、ヒトと動物の違いを強調したものですが、別の言い方をすれば、これが人の食文化をつくってきたのです。

  This way of putting it emphasizes the difference between humans and animals, but viewed another way, these very practices are what have created human food culture.

• などN4

  Lists one or more representative items and implies others of the same kind exist — 'and so on / etc. / such as'.

  ヒトは、辛い味、強烈なにおい、熱い、冷たいなど、あらゆる手段を使って、食欲を刺激する工夫をしてきたのです。

  Humans have devised all kinds of ways to stimulate the appetite, using spicy flavors, intense smells, heat, cold, and more.

• 〜てくるN42 times in this passage

  Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

  ヒトは、辛い味、強烈なにおい、熱い、冷たいなど、あらゆる手段を使って、食欲を刺激する工夫をしてきたのです。

  Humans have devised all kinds of ways to stimulate the appetite, using spicy flavors, intense smells, heat, cold, and more.

• 〜ているN5

  Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

  動物は、ふつう常温のものを食べています。

  Animals normally eat food at room temperature.

• だ / ですN52 times in this passage

  The copula linking a noun or na-adjective to the subject — plain だ / polite です, 'is/am/are'.

  ヒトは、辛い味、強烈なにおい、熱い、冷たいなど、あらゆる手段を使って、食欲を刺激する工夫をしてきたのです。

  Humans have devised all kinds of ways to stimulate the appetite, using spicy flavors, intense smells, heat, cold, and more.