といったN23 times in this passage
Introduces representative examples before a summarizing noun — "(things) such as ~", "~ and the like".
マスコミでは、政治倫理、企業倫理、メディア倫理などといった言葉はおなじみのものだろう。
In the mass media, terms such as political ethics, corporate ethics, and media ethics have probably become familiar.
つつあるN22 times in this passage
Marks an action or change that is steadily in progress, 'to be in the process of ~ing / gradually becoming ~'.
そうした雰囲気を受けて、倫理学では、応用倫理学と呼ばれる分野が急速に成長し、さまざまな倫理が提唱されつつある。
In response to this atmosphere, the field known as applied ethics has grown rapidly within ethics, and a variety of ethical disciplines are being proposed.
さらにN2
Adds a further point or a greater degree — 'furthermore', 'moreover', 'even more'.
たとえば、生命倫理、環境倫理、ビジネス倫理に始まって、情報倫理、工学倫理、スポーツ倫理、さらには、遺伝子倫理、脳神経倫理、ナノ倫理、ロボット論理といった具合に、言葉を見ただけでは、内容がにわかには想像しにくいものまで登場している。
For example, starting with bioethics, environmental ethics, and business ethics, there are information ethics, engineering ethics, sports ethics, and even genetic ethics, neuroethics, nanoethics, and robot logic—some of them so unfamiliar that their content is difficult to imagine from the name alone.
どうやらN2
Adverb signaling a tentative conclusion, 'apparently / it seems ~'.
どうやら、現代は「倫理的な時代」らしいのである。
Apparently, the modern age is an “ethical age.”
ものだからN2
Gives an explanation or excuse, stressing an unavoidable or compelling cause — 'it's just that...', 'because'.
それは、倫理が空気のようなものだからだ。
That is because ethics is like air.
限りN2
Marks the limit or scope within which a statement holds — 'as long as,' 'as far as,' 'to the extent that.'
生きていく上で空気が必要なことはわかってはいても、希薄になって、息苦しくでもならない限り、空気は意識されたりはしない。
Although we know that air is necessary for life, we do not become conscious of it unless it grows thin enough to make breathing difficult.
少なくともN2
States a minimum quantity or a minimal claim — 'at least'.
少なくとも歴史を振り返ってみると、「倫理的な時代」はいずれも価値観の大きな変動期にあたっていた。
At least when we look back over history, every “ethical age” has coincided with a period of major upheaval in values.
にあたってN2
Marks the occasion or juncture of undertaking something significant, "on the occasion of / when (doing)".
少なくとも歴史を振り返ってみると、「倫理的な時代」はいずれも価値観の大きな変動期にあたっていた。
At least when we look back over history, every “ethical age” has coincided with a period of major upheaval in values.
ざるを得ないN2
expresses being compelled by circumstances with no alternative, 'have no choice but to ~ / cannot help but ~'
わたしたちは、そうした不確かさのなかで、現在を生きていかざるをえない。
We have no choice but to live in the present amid that uncertainty.
というN32 times in this passage
Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.
このところ、「○○倫理」という言葉をしばしば耳にする。
Recently, one frequently hears expressions such as “○○ ethics.”
例えば（たとえば）N3
Introduces an illustrative instance, 'for example / for instance'.
たとえば、生命倫理、環境倫理、ビジネス倫理に始まって、情報倫理、工学倫理、スポーツ倫理、さらには、遺伝子倫理、脳神経倫理、ナノ倫理、ロボット論理といった具合に、言葉を見ただけでは、内容がにわかには想像しにくいものまで登場している。
For example, starting with bioethics, environmental ethics, and business ethics, there are information ethics, engineering ethics, sports ethics, and even genetic ethics, neuroethics, nanoethics, and robot logic—some of them so unfamiliar that their content is difficult to imagine from the name alone.
的（てき）N36 times in this passage
A suffix turning a noun into a na-adjective meaning "relating to / -like / -ical" (一般的, 科学的).
どうやら、現代は「倫理的な時代」らしいのである。
Apparently, the modern age is an “ethical age.”
にとってN3
Marks the person or thing from whose standpoint something is judged or matters; 'for', 'to'.
こうした倫理ばやりは、わたしのように哲学や倫理学を専攻する人間にとって、必ずしも喜ばしい事態であるわけではない。
For someone like me who specializes in philosophy and ethics, this boom in ethics is not necessarily a welcome development.
わけではないN3
Partially denies an assumed conclusion — 'it's not (necessarily) that ~', 'doesn't necessarily mean ~'.
こうした倫理ばやりは、わたしのように哲学や倫理学を専攻する人間にとって、必ずしも喜ばしい事態であるわけではない。
For someone like me who specializes in philosophy and ethics, this boom in ethics is not necessarily a welcome development.
とおりにN3
States that something is done exactly as described, instructed, or expected — "just as ~; in accordance with ~".
通りにはいかず、息苦しくなっているような時代である。
functions as it did before and begins to feel suffocating.
つまりN3
Restates or sums up the preceding statement more plainly — 'in other words / that is to say'.
つまり、それまで当然だと思っていた考え方や生き方が大きく揺らぎ、どう考え、どう生きたらよいのかわからないようなときに、倫理は求められてきたのだ。
In other words, ethics has been sought at times when ways of thinking and living that had previously been taken for granted were deeply shaken, leaving people unsure how they should think or live.
ということだN3
Reports hearsay or states a conclusion drawn from what precedes — 'I hear that…' / 'that is to say / it amounts to…'.
それが、現在を生きるということであるはずだ。
That, surely, is what it means to live in the present.
などN42 times in this passage
Lists one or more representative items and implies others of the same kind exist — 'and so on / etc. / such as'.
マスコミでは、政治倫理、企業倫理、メディア倫理などといった言葉はおなじみのものだろう。
In the mass media, terms such as political ethics, corporate ethics, and media ethics have probably become familiar.
ときN43 times in this passage
Marks the time at which something happens — "when X, Y."
そうした言葉は、なにか問題が起きたときの掛け声のようなもので、空疎な常套句にすぎないのかもしれない。
Such expressions may be little more than slogans raised whenever a problem occurs—hollow clichés without real substance.
ように / ようなN43 times in this passage
Likens or exemplifies one thing by another, "like / as / similar to (a)".
そうした言葉は、なにか問題が起きたときの掛け声のようなもので、空疎な常套句にすぎないのかもしれない。
Such expressions may be little more than slogans raised whenever a problem occurs—hollow clichés without real substance.
かもしれないN42 times in this passage
Expresses possibility or conjecture — 'might', 'maybe', 'perhaps'.
そうした言葉は、なにか問題が起きたときの掛け声のようなもので、空疎な常套句にすぎないのかもしれない。
Such expressions may be little more than slogans raised whenever a problem occurs—hollow clichés without real substance.
が必要（がひつよう）N42 times in this passage
Marks something as necessary or required — 'need X / X is necessary'.
だが、漠然と、倫理といったものが必要だという気分が漂っているのは、事実であるように思う。
Yet I think it is true that there is a vague feeling in the air that something called ethics is necessary.
だけでN4
'Just by / with only' — a single small condition alone is enough to produce the result.
たとえば、生命倫理、環境倫理、ビジネス倫理に始まって、情報倫理、工学倫理、スポーツ倫理、さらには、遺伝子倫理、脳神経倫理、ナノ倫理、ロボット論理といった具合に、言葉を見ただけでは、内容がにわかには想像しにくいものまで登場している。
For example, starting with bioethics, environmental ethics, and business ethics, there are information ethics, engineering ethics, sports ethics, and even genetic ethics, neuroethics, nanoethics, and robot logic—some of them so unfamiliar that their content is difficult to imagine from the name alone.
にくいN4
Attaches to a verb stem to say an action is hard to perform, 'difficult to ~ / hard to ~.'
たとえば、生命倫理、環境倫理、ビジネス倫理に始まって、情報倫理、工学倫理、スポーツ倫理、さらには、遺伝子倫理、脳神経倫理、ナノ倫理、ロボット論理といった具合に、言葉を見ただけでは、内容がにわかには想像しにくいものまで登場している。
For example, starting with bioethics, environmental ethics, and business ethics, there are information ethics, engineering ethics, sports ethics, and even genetic ethics, neuroethics, nanoethics, and robot logic—some of them so unfamiliar that their content is difficult to imagine from the name alone.
らしいN4
Evidential auxiliary expressing an inference or hearsay from evidence — 'it seems / apparently ~'; also 'typical of, befitting ~'.
どうやら、現代は「倫理的な時代」らしいのである。
Apparently, the modern age is an “ethical age.”
〜ていくN43 times in this passage
Marks an action that continues/progresses onward from the present, or is done before moving away — 'to go on doing', 'to do and go'.
生きていく上で空気が必要なことはわかってはいても、希薄になって、息苦しくでもならない限り、空気は意識されたりはしない。
Although we know that air is necessary for life, we do not become conscious of it unless it grows thin enough to make breathing difficult.
てもN4
Concessive — 'even if / even though …'; the main clause holds regardless of the te-clause.
生きていく上で空気が必要なことはわかってはいても、希薄になって、息苦しくでもならない限り、空気は意識されたりはしない。
Although we know that air is necessary for life, we do not become conscious of it unless it grows thin enough to make breathing difficult.
ところN4
Marks the temporal stage of an action — 'about to,' 'in the middle of,' or 'just did' — depending on the preceding verb form.
倫理には、それと似たところがある。
Ethics has something similar about it.
ようだN44 times in this passage
Expresses conjecture or resemblance drawn from evidence, "it seems / looks like".
通りにはいかず、息苦しくなっているような時代である。
functions as it did before and begins to feel suffocating.
〜てみるN42 times in this passage
Verb te-form plus 見る, doing something on a trial basis to see what happens — 'try ...ing'.
少なくとも歴史を振り返ってみると、「倫理的な時代」はいずれも価値観の大きな変動期にあたっていた。
At least when we look back over history, every “ethical age” has coincided with a period of major upheaval in values.
と思う（とおもう）N4
Quotative plus 'think', stating the speaker's opinion or guess — 'I think that'.
つまり、それまで当然だと思っていた考え方や生き方が大きく揺らぎ、どう考え、どう生きたらよいのかわからないようなときに、倫理は求められてきたのだ。
In other words, ethics has been sought at times when ways of thinking and living that had previously been taken for granted were deeply shaken, leaving people unsure how they should think or live.
〜ていたN4
The past progressive/continuous — an action that was ongoing or a state that held in the past — 'was (do)ing'.
つまり、それまで当然だと思っていた考え方や生き方が大きく揺らぎ、どう考え、どう生きたらよいのかわからないようなときに、倫理は求められてきたのだ。
In other words, ethics has been sought at times when ways of thinking and living that had previously been taken for granted were deeply shaken, leaving people unsure how they should think or live.
たらN4
Conditional/temporal ending on the plain-past stem meaning that once or if the first action happens, the second follows ('if / once / when ... then').
つまり、それまで当然だと思っていた考え方や生き方が大きく揺らぎ、どう考え、どう生きたらよいのかわからないようなときに、倫理は求められてきたのだ。
In other words, ethics has been sought at times when ways of thinking and living that had previously been taken for granted were deeply shaken, leaving people unsure how they should think or live.
〜てくるN42 times in this passage
Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.
つまり、それまで当然だと思っていた考え方や生き方が大きく揺らぎ、どう考え、どう生きたらよいのかわからないようなときに、倫理は求められてきたのだ。
In other words, ethics has been sought at times when ways of thinking and living that had previously been taken for granted were deeply shaken, leaving people unsure how they should think or live.
はずだN4
Expresses the speaker's reasoned confidence that something is or should be the case — 'should, ought to, is supposed to'.
それが、現在を生きるということであるはずだ。
That, surely, is what it means to live in the present.
にするN5
To decide on or turn something into a given state or choice, 'to make it ~ / to go with ~.'
このところ、「○○倫理」という言葉をしばしば耳にする。
Recently, one frequently hears expressions such as “○○ ethics.”
だろうN5
Presumptive expressing conjecture — 'probably', 'I think', or seeking agreement 'right?'; plain だろう / polite でしょう.
マスコミでは、政治倫理、企業倫理、メディア倫理などといった言葉はおなじみのものだろう。
In the mass media, terms such as political ethics, corporate ethics, and media ethics have probably become familiar.
すぎるN5
Attaches to a verb or adjective stem to mean the action or quality is excessive, 'too much / overly ~'.
そうした言葉は、なにか問題が起きたときの掛け声のようなもので、空疎な常套句にすぎないのかもしれない。
Such expressions may be little more than slogans raised whenever a problem occurs—hollow clichés without real substance.
〜ているN58 times in this passage
Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.
だが、漠然と、倫理といったものが必要だという気分が漂っているのは、事実であるように思う。
Yet I think it is true that there is a vague feeling in the air that something called ethics is necessary.
までN53 times in this passage
Particle marking the spatial, temporal, or extent limit of an action — "until / up to / as far as."
たとえば、生命倫理、環境倫理、ビジネス倫理に始まって、情報倫理、工学倫理、スポーツ倫理、さらには、遺伝子倫理、脳神経倫理、ナノ倫理、ロボット論理といった具合に、言葉を見ただけでは、内容がにわかには想像しにくいものまで登場している。
For example, starting with bioethics, environmental ethics, and business ethics, there are information ethics, engineering ethics, sports ethics, and even genetic ethics, neuroethics, nanoethics, and robot logic—some of them so unfamiliar that their content is difficult to imagine from the name alone.
〜たいN5
Expresses the speaker's own desire to do something — “want to do”.
「なんでも倫理症候群」とでもいいたくなるほど、「○○倫理」が大はやりなのだ。
“○○ ethics” is so fashionable that one is tempted to call it an “everything-is-ethics syndrome.”
のでN5
Gives a reason or cause with a soft, objective/polite nuance — 'because / since'.
どうやら、現代は「倫理的な時代」らしいのである。
Apparently, the modern age is an “ethical age.”
〜たり〜たりN5
Lists a few representative actions among others done at various times, 'do things like X and Y'.
生きていく上で空気が必要なことはわかってはいても、希薄になって、息苦しくでもならない限り、空気は意識されたりはしない。
Although we know that air is necessary for life, we do not become conscious of it unless it grows thin enough to make breathing difficult.
がありますN5
States the existence or possession of an inanimate thing, "there is / to have".
倫理には、それと似たところがある。
Ethics has something similar about it.
一番（いちばん）N5
Marks the superlative, singling out the top item in a group — "the most / the best / number one".
この場合、一番の問題は、変動期の人間には、先が容易に見通せないことである。
In such a situation, the greatest problem is that people living through a period of transition cannot easily foresee what lies ahead.
しかしN5
Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.
しかし、そうした積極的な態度や発言が簡単にはできないのが、「倫理的な時代」なのだ。
But an “ethical age” is precisely an age in which such positive attitudes and statements cannot be adopted so easily.
だけN5
Limiting particle marking 'only / just' — restricts to the stated amount, degree, or item.
（注）空疎な常套句：ここでは、中身のない形だけの言葉
(Note) Hollow cliché: here, words that have form but no substance
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