8月上旬、地下1階に用意された大型保温テントに66箱の段ボールが運びこまれた。脇に置いた6本のボンベから、濃度60%の二酸化炭素ガスが流し込まれた。
段ボールの中身は、個人や団体が所蔵していた1930~40年代の和紙製の書籍や小冊子だ。同図書館資料保存課の中島尚子さんは「室温25度、濃度60%で2週間燻蒸する(注1)と、成虫はもちろん、目に見えない卵まで駆除できます」と話す。
同図書館の書庫の大半は閉架(注2)で、見学者以外の一般人は立ち入る機会がない。これまで虫食い被害は数件しかなく、外部からの害虫の侵入はあまり警戒されてこなかったという。
ところが、2006年に館内一斉調査をすると、過去に古書店から購入した和紙の巻物(注3)2本が、保管ケース内で繁殖した甲虫の一種「シバンムシ」の幼虫に食べられているのが見つかった。
07年には書庫内でカビが発生し、数千冊の本に被害が出た。カビは本そのものを傷めるだけでなく、虫の餌にもなる。
調査の結果、外部から持ち込まれる本や、ホコリに付着した虫やカビが、図書館内で増殖する可能性があることがわかった。
これまでは、虫が見つかった本を取り出し、化学薬品で駆除してきた。二酸化炭素は人や環境への影響も少なく、低費用で済む。書庫に入れる前に、段ボールごと一斉駆除できるのが最大のメリットという。
同図書館は、こうしたノウハウをホームページや論文で国内外に紹介している。
(朝日新聞2010年8月17日付夕刊による)
(注1)燻蒸する:ここでは、ガスや煙で殺菌殺虫を行う
(注2)閉架:利用者に書棚を開放せず、請求に応じて本を取り出して見せるシステム
(注3)巻物:長い紙に書かれて、巻いて保管された昔の書物
AI translation, cross-checked between two models.
In early August, sixty-six cardboard boxes were carried into a large insulated tent set up on the first basement floor. Carbon dioxide gas at a concentration of 60 percent was pumped in from six cylinders placed beside it.
The boxes contained books and pamphlets made of Japanese paper from the 1930s and 1940s that had been owned by individuals and organizations. Nakajima Naoko-san of the library’s Preservation Division says, “If the materials are fumigated for two weeks at a room temperature of 25 degrees and a concentration of 60 percent, we can eliminate not only adult insects but even eggs invisible to the naked eye.”(注1)
Most of the library’s stacks are closed to users, so ordinary members of the public other than visitors on tours rarely have an opportunity to enter them.(注2) Until then, there had been only a few cases of insect damage, so little attention had been paid to the possibility of pests entering from outside.
However, during a library-wide inspection in 2006, two Japanese-paper scrolls previously purchased from a secondhand bookstore were found to have been eaten by larvae of a type of beetle called shibanmushi, which had multiplied inside their storage cases.(注3)
In 2007, mold appeared in the stacks and damaged several thousand books. Mold not only damages the books themselves but also serves as food for insects.
The investigation found that books brought in from outside, as well as insects and mold attached to dust, could multiply within the library.
Previously, when insects were found in a book, the book was removed and treated with chemicals to eliminate them. Carbon dioxide has little impact on people or the environment and is also inexpensive. Its greatest advantage is that the materials can be treated all at once while still in their cardboard boxes, before being placed in the stacks.
The library shares this know-how both domestically and internationally through its website and academic papers.
(From the August 17, 2010 evening edition of Asahi Shimbun)
(Note 1) To fumigate: here, to use gas or smoke to disinfect and kill insects
(Note 2) Closed stacks: a system in which users do not have direct access to the shelves and books are retrieved for them upon request
(Note 3) Scroll: an old type of book written on a long sheet of paper and rolled up for storage
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