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N1 · AdvancedShort passagePassage #468
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人ひとは一ひと人りでは生いきられない。よほどの変へん人じんか仙せん人にん（注1）のような人ひとでなければ、人ひとは世よの中なかと無む関かん係けいには生いきられない。しかも、その世よの中なかというものは固こ定ていされたものではなく、ものすごい速はやさで形かたちを変かえていて、それにいちいち適てき応おうしていくのには、体たい力りょくも技ぎ術じゅつも精せい神しん力りょくも要いる。そんな化ばけ物もの（注2）のような世よの中なかから自じ分ぶんを守まもるために、一ひと人りきりで孤こ高こうの城しろに籠ろう城じょうすれば（注3）、やがて孤こ独どくに自じ滅めつする。その矛む盾じゅんをどうしていったらいいのだろう。

（山やま本もと文ぶん緒いとぐち『結婚願望けっこんがんぼう』による）

（注ちゅう1）仙せん人にん：世よの中なかと離はなれて生いきる神かみのような人ひと

（注ちゅう2）化ばけ物もの：怪かい物ぶつ

（注ちゅう3）孤こ高こうの城しろに籠ろう城じょうする：ここでは、外がい部ぶとの接せっ触しょくを一切いっさい持もたずに自じ分ぶんの殻からに閉とじこもる

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  1. 1この文章で筆者が述べていることは何か。

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Vocabulary8 words
  • よほど
    • ·very; greatly; much; to a large extent; quite
    • ·just about to; almost; very nearly
    N1
  • 固定こてい
    • ·fixing (in place); being fixed (in place); securing; anchoring; fastening down
    • ·fixing (e.g. salary, capital); keeping the same
    • ·fixation (histology)
    • ·user name (on an online forum like 2ch where the majority of users post anonymously)
    • ·user of an online handle (instead of posting anonymously)
    N1
  • 適応てきおう
    • ·adaptation; accommodation; conformity
    N1
  • 体力たいりょく
    • ·physical strength; power; stamina; endurance; vigor; resistance to disease
    • ·strength (of a business, economy, etc.)
    N1
  • きり
    • ·end; finish; place to stop
    • ·bound; limit; end
    • ·delivery date (of a futures contract)
    • ·finale (of a noh song); end of an act (in jōruri or kabuki); final performance of the day (in vaudeville)
    • ·trump card
    • ·king (court card; in mekuri karuta and unsun karuta)
    • ·cut; separation of two groups
    • ·counter for slices (esp. thick slices); counter for cuts (of fish, meat, etc.)
    • ·only; just
    • ·(ever) since; after
    • ·continuously; remaining (in a particular state)
    N1
  • 孤独こどく
    • ·solitude; loneliness; isolation
    N1
  • 接触せっしょく
    • ·touch; contact; touching
    N1
  • 一切いっさい
    • ·all; everything; entirety; the whole
    • ·absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever; without exception
    N1
Other levels35 words
  • 人ひと
    • ·person; someone; somebody
    • ·human beings; mankind; man; people; humans
    • ·human (Homo sapiens)
    • ·(other) people; others
    • ·character; personality; nature
    • ·capable person; competent person; suitable person; right person
    • ·adult; grown-up
    • ·I; me; one
    N5
  • 一人ひとり
    • ·one person
    • ·being alone; being by oneself
    • ·being single; being unmarried
    • ·by oneself; alone
    • ·just; only; simply
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: された
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 要るいる
    • ·to be needed; to be necessary; to be required; to be wanted; to need; to want
    N5
  • 自分じぶん
    • ·myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself
    • ·I; me
    • ·you
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: すれば
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • どうして
    • ·how; in what way; by what means
    • ·why; for what reason; for what purpose; what for
    • ·cannot possibly
    • ·no way
    N5
  • いくAs it appears here: いったら
    • ·to go; to move (towards); to head (towards); to leave (for)
    • ·to move through; to travel across; to walk along (e.g. a road)
    • ·to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to turn out; to get along
    • ·to do (in a particular way); to go (with; a choice); to try
    • ·to pass (of time, seasons, etc.); to go by
    • ·to stream; to flow
    • ·to die; to pass away
    • ·to reach (a stage, extent, age, etc.); to get to; to go (so far as ...)
    • ·to reach (of information, instructions, wind, etc.); to arrive
    • ·to continue ...; to go on ...; to (progress) steadily; to gradually ...; to progressively ...
    • ·to have an orgasm; to come; to cum
    • ·to trip; to get high; to have a drug-induced hallucination
    N5
  • ここ
    • ·here; this place
    • ·this point; here; now
    • ·these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
    • ·the next ... (e.g. few days); these next ...
    N5
  • 持つもつAs it appears here: 持た
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • 生きるいきるAs it appears here: 生きられない
    • ·to live; to exist
    • ·to make a living; to subsist
    • ·to be in effect; to be in use; to function
    • ·to come to life; to be enlivened
    • ·to be safe (in baseball, go, etc.)
    N4
  • 形かたち
    • ·(physical) form; shape; figure
    • ·visage; (facial) features; appearance (of a person); figure; looks
    • ·form (as opposed to substance); manner (of action); style; (outward) appearance
    • ·(resultant) state; situation; condition; form
    • ·behaviour (towards others); attitude; demeanor; manners
    • ·shape (positional qualities of a group of stones)
    N4
  • 変えるかえるAs it appears here: 変えて
    • ·to change; to alter; to transform; to convert; to turn; to vary
    • ·to reform; to revise; to amend
    N4
  • それに
    • ·besides; in addition; also; moreover
    N4
  • 技術ぎじゅつ
    • ·technology; engineering
    • ·technique; skill
    • ·art; craft
    N4
  • ため
    • ·good; advantage; benefit; welfare
    • ·sake; purpose; objective; aim
    • ·consequence; result; effect
    • ·affecting; regarding; concerning
    N4
  • 生きるいきる
    • ·to live; to exist
    • ·to make a living; to subsist
    • ·to be in effect; to be in use; to function
    • ·to come to life; to be enlivened
    • ·to be safe (in baseball, go, etc.)
    N4
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • 世の中よのなか
    • ·society; the world; the times
    N3
  • しかも
    • ·moreover; furthermore
    • ·nevertheless; and yet
    N3
  • 守るまもる
    • ·to protect; to guard; to defend
    • ·to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe; to obey; to follow
    N3
  • 城しろ
    • ·castle
    N3
  • やがて
    • ·before long; soon; shortly
    • ·almost; nearly
    • ·finally; in the end; eventually
    N3
  • 文ぶん
    • ·sentence
    • ·composition; text; writings
    • ·the literary arts (as opposed to the military arts); academia; literature
    • ·statement
    N3
  • 注ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • 離れるはなれるAs it appears here: 離れて
    • ·to be separated; to be apart; to be distant
    • ·to leave; to go away
    • ·to leave (a job, etc.); to quit; to give up
    • ·to lose connection with; to drift away from
    N3
  • 神かみ
    • ·god; deity; divinity; spirit; kami
    • ·god-tier; incredible; fantastic; amazing
    • ·Emperor (of Japan)
    • ·thunder
    N3
  • ものすごい
    • ·terrific; staggering; tremendous; incredible; extreme
    • ·frightful; ghastly; horrific; terrible; awful; gruesome; eerie
    N2
  • いちいち
    • ·one-by-one; separately
    • ·every single; each and every; without omission; fully; in detail
    N2
  • 矛盾むじゅん
    • ·contradiction; inconsistency
    N2
  • 外部がいぶ
    • ·outside (e.g. of a building); exterior
    • ·outside (of a group, company, etc.); outside world
    N2
Grammar1 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • というものN1

    Emphasizes the entire stretch of a stated time period, or foregrounds the essential nature of a thing — "for the whole (time)...", "the very idea of...".

    しかも、その世の中というものは固定されたものではなく、ものすごい速さで形を変えていて、それにいちいち適応していくのには、体力も技術も精神力も要る。

    Moreover, what we call society is not fixed; it changes form at tremendous speed, and continually adapting to each of those changes requires physical strength, skill, and mental resilience.

Other levels14 patterns
  • よほど / よっぽどN2

    Adverb emphasising a high degree, or a strong impulse the speaker nearly acted on — "considerably," "quite," "(was) very much tempted to."

    よほどの変人か仙人のような人でなければ、人は世の中と無関係には生きられない。

    Unless one is an extreme eccentric or some kind of hermit-sage, a person cannot live entirely apart from society.

  • しかもN2

    Additive conjunction adding a further, often stronger point — 'moreover, and what's more'.

    しかも、その世の中というものは固定されたものではなく、ものすごい速さで形を変えていて、それにいちいち適応していくのには、体力も技術も精神力も要る。

    Moreover, what we call society is not fixed; it changes form at tremendous speed, and continually adapting to each of those changes requires physical strength, skill, and mental resilience.

  • やがてN2

    Adverb signalling that something will come to pass after some time — "before long," "eventually," "in time."

    そんな化け物のような世の中から自分を守るために、一人きりで孤高の城に籠城すれば、やがて孤独に自滅する。

    Yet if, in order to protect oneself from this monster-like society, one shuts oneself alone inside an isolated fortress, one will eventually destroy oneself through loneliness.

  • たものだN3

    recalls a past habitual action with fondness or nostalgia, 'used to (do)'.

    しかも、その世の中というものは固定されたものではなく、ものすごい速さで形を変えていて、それにいちいち適応していくのには、体力も技術も精神力も要る。

    Moreover, what we call society is not fixed; it changes form at tremendous speed, and continually adapting to each of those changes requires physical strength, skill, and mental resilience.

  • ためにN3

    marks a purpose ('in order to') or a cause ('because of / owing to').

    そんな化け物のような世の中から自分を守るために、一人きりで孤高の城に籠城すれば、やがて孤独に自滅する。

    Yet if, in order to protect oneself from this monster-like society, one shuts oneself alone inside an isolated fortress, one will eventually destroy oneself through loneliness.

  • といい／たらいいN3

    Expresses a hope or gentle suggestion — "it'd be good if", "you should", "I hope ~".

    その矛盾をどうしていったらいいのだろう。

    How, then, are we to deal with that contradiction?

  • によって/によるN3

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    （山本文緒『結婚願望』による）

    (From Yamamoto Fumio, “The Desire to Marry”)

  • ずにN3

    Marks doing one thing without doing another; a more formal equivalent of 〜ないで — 'without …ing'.

    （注3）孤高の城に籠城する：ここでは、外部との接触を一切持たずに自分の殻に閉じこもる

    (Note 3) To barricade oneself in an isolated fortress: here, to cut off all contact with the outside world and withdraw completely into one’s own shell

  • ように / ようなN43 times in this passage

    Likens or exemplifies one thing by another, "like / as / similar to (a)".

    よほどの変人か仙人のような人でなければ、人は世の中と無関係には生きられない。

    Unless one is an extreme eccentric or some kind of hermit-sage, a person cannot live entirely apart from society.

  • 〜ていくN4

    Marks an action that continues/progresses onward from the present, or is done before moving away — 'to go on doing', 'to do and go'.

    しかも、その世の中というものは固定されたものではなく、ものすごい速さで形を変えていて、それにいちいち適応していくのには、体力も技術も精神力も要る。

    Moreover, what we call society is not fixed; it changes form at tremendous speed, and continually adapting to each of those changes requires physical strength, skill, and mental resilience.

  • 〜のにN4

    Links two clauses so the result contradicts what the first clause leads you to expect — "even though ~ / although ~".

    しかも、その世の中というものは固定されたものではなく、ものすごい速さで形を変えていて、それにいちいち適応していくのには、体力も技術も精神力も要る。

    Moreover, what we call society is not fixed; it changes form at tremendous speed, and continually adapting to each of those changes requires physical strength, skill, and mental resilience.

  • 〜ているN5

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    しかも、その世の中というものは固定されたものではなく、ものすごい速さで形を変えていて、それにいちいち適応していくのには、体力も技術も精神力も要る。

    Moreover, what we call society is not fixed; it changes form at tremendous speed, and continually adapting to each of those changes requires physical strength, skill, and mental resilience.

  • どうしてN5

    Asks the reason for something, "why / how come".

    その矛盾をどうしていったらいいのだろう。

    How, then, are we to deal with that contradiction?

  • だろうN5

    Presumptive expressing conjecture — 'probably', 'I think', or seeking agreement 'right?'; plain だろう / polite でしょう.

    その矛盾をどうしていったらいいのだろう。

    How, then, are we to deal with that contradiction?

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