• 花はな
  • ·flower; blossom; bloom; petal
  • ·cherry blossom
  • ·beauty
  • ·blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms)
  • ·ikebana
  • ·hanafuda
  • ·(the) best
  • ·glorious; lovely
  N5
• する
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• 私わたし
  • ·I; me
  N5
• それ
  • ·that; it
  • ·then; that point (in time); that time
  • ·there
  • ·you
  N5
• しかし
  • ·however; but
  N5
• 咲くさくAs it appears here: 咲いて
  • ·to bloom; to flower; to blossom; to open
  • ·to rise up (of breaking waves)
  N5
• 見るみるAs it appears here: 見て
  • ·to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe
  • ·to examine; to look over; to assess; to check; to judge
  • ·to look after; to attend to; to take care of; to keep an eye on
  • ·to experience; to meet with (misfortune, success, etc.)
  • ·to try ...; to have a go at ...; to give ... a try
  • ·to see (that) ...; to find (that) ...
  N5
• ある
  • ·to be; to exist; to live
  • ·to have
  • ·to be located
  • ·to be equipped with
  • ·to happen; to come about
  • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
  N5
• 有すゆうすAs it appears here: 有して
  • ·to be; to exist; to live
  • ·to have
  • ·to be located
  • ·to be equipped with
  • ·to happen; to come about
  • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
  N5
• 嫌いや
  • ·disliking; not wanting; unwilling (to do); reluctant
  • ·unpleasant; disagreeable; nasty; horrible; disgusting; undesirable; unwelcome
  • ·no!; quit it!; stop!
  N5
• するAs it appears here: し
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• かえるAs it appears here: かえて
  • ·to return; to come home; to go home; to go back
  • ·to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.)
  • ·to get home; to get to home plate
  N5
• そこ
  • ·there (place relatively near listener)
  • ·there (place just mentioned); that place
  • ·then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised)
  • ·you
  N5
• するAs it appears here: して
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• ここ
  • ·here; this place
  • ·this point; here; now
  • ·these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
  • ·the next ... (e.g. few days); these next ...
  N5
• 大きいおおきい
  • ·big; large; great
  • ·loud
  • ·extensive; spacious
  • ·important; decisive; valuable
  • ·older; grown-up
  N5
• 植えるうえるAs it appears here: 植えたり
  • ·to plant; to grow; to raise
  • ·to insert; to transplant; to implant; to set (type)
  • ·to inoculate (e.g. an infectious agent)
  • ·to instill (idea, value, etc.); to inculcate
  N4
• 季節きせつ
  • ·season; time of year
  N4
• 送るおくるAs it appears here: 送られて
  • ·to send; to dispatch; to forward; to transmit; to ship; to remit
  • ·to see (someone) off; to escort; to accompany; to take
  • ·to bid farewell to (the departed); to say goodbye to; to bury
  • ·to spend (time); to pass; to lead (a life); to live
  • ·to pass (on, along); to advance (a runner)
  • ·to affix (okurigana)
  N4
• 植えるうえる
  • ·to plant; to grow; to raise
  • ·to insert; to transplant; to implant; to set (type)
  • ·to inoculate (e.g. an infectious agent)
  • ·to instill (idea, value, etc.); to inculcate
  N4
• 趣味しゅみ
  • ·hobby; pastime
  • ·tastes; preference; liking
  N4
• 虫むし
  • ·insect; bug; cricket; moth
  • ·worm; roundworm
  • ·thing inside one's body believed to influence one's thoughts and feelings; (one's) unconscious
  • ·nervousness; fretfulness
  • ·person devoted to one thing; single-minded person
  • ·valve core
  • ·mushi (type of game played with a stripped deck)
  N4
• 普通ふつう
  • ·normal; ordinary; regular; usual; common; average
  • ·normally; ordinarily; usually; generally; commonly
  • ·local train; train that stops at every station
  N4
• 種たね
  • ·seed (e.g. of a plant); pip; kernel; stone (e.g. of a peach)
  • ·progeny; offspring; issue; breed
  • ·paternal blood; lineage
  • ·sperm; semen; seed
  • ·cause; source; seed; origin
  • ·material (e.g. for an article); matter (e.g. of a story); subject (of discussion); theme; (news) copy; source (of a story)
  • ·ingredient; main ingredient (of a piece of sushi); leaven
  • ·mechanism (of a magic trick, etc.); secret; trickery
  • ·10-point card; tane; animal card
  N3
• 扱うあつかう
  • ·to deal with (a person); to treat; to handle; to take care of; to entertain
  • ·to deal with (a problem); to handle; to manage
  • ·to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to work
  • ·to deal in; to sell
  • ·to cover (a topic); to treat; to discuss; to take up
  • ·to treat A as B
  • ·to mediate (an argument)
  • ·to be too much for one; to find unmanageable
  • ·to gossip
  N3
• 植物しょくぶつ
  • ·plant; vegetation
  N3
• 土地とち
  • ·plot of land; lot; soil
  • ·locality; region; place
  N3
• 眺めるながめるAs it appears here: 眺めて
  • ·to look at; to gaze at; to watch; to stare at
  • ·to look out over; to get a view of; to admire (e.g. the scenery)
  • ·to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch; to observe
  N3
• 傾向けいこう
  • ·tendency; trend; inclination
  N3
• こと
  • ·thing; matter
  • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
  • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
  • ·work; business; affair
  • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
  • ·nominalizing suffix
  • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
  • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
  • ·necessity; need
  • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
  N3
• つまり
  • ·that is to say; that is; in other words; I mean; that (this, it) means
  • ·in short; in brief; to sum up; ultimately; in the end; in the long run; when all is said and done; what it all comes down to; when you get right down to it; basically
  • ·clogging; obstruction; stuffing; (degree of) blockage
  • ·shrinkage
  • ·end; conclusion
  • ·dead end; corner
  • ·distress; being at the end of one's rope
  N3
• すべて
  • ·everything; all; the whole
  • ·entirely; completely; wholly; all
  N3
• 人間にんげん
  • ·human being; human; person; man; mankind; humankind
  • ·character (of a person)
  N3
• 努力どりょく
  • ·effort; exertion; endeavour; endeavor; hard work; striving
  N3
• 一種いっしゅ
  • ·a kind; a sort; a variety; a species
  • ·of sorts; something of a; a sort of
  • ·sort of; somewhat
  N3
• 宇宙うちゅう
  • ·universe; cosmos; space
  N3
• 注ちゅう
  • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
  N3
• 蒔くまくAs it appears here: 蒔いたり
  • ·to sow; to plant; to seed
  • ·to sow (the seeds of; e.g. conflict)
  • ·to sprinkle (gold or silver powder on lacquerware)
  N2
• 空想くうそう
  • ·daydream; fantasy; fancy; vision
  N2
• 反映はんえい
  • ·reflection (of light)
  • ·reflection (of society, attitudes, etc.)
  • ·application (of an update, changes, etc.); taking effect
  N2
• 重なるかさなるAs it appears here: 重なって
  • ·to be piled up; to lie on top of one another
  • ·to come one after another; to happen over and over; to pile up (e.g. stress); to accumulate
  • ·to overlap (each other); to occur at the same time; to happen simultaneously
  N2

Example sentences are translated by AI.

• つまりN3

  Restates or sums up the preceding statement more plainly — 'in other words / that is to say'.

  つまり、すべての花を「品種改良」によって、より大輪にし、そして何でもかんでも八重咲に造りかえてしまおうという、人間の趣味と努力と一種の意地がそこに反映しているのである。

  In other words, they reflect human taste, effort, and a kind of stubborn determination to use “selective breeding” to make every flower larger and to turn everything possible into a double-flowered variety.

• によって/によるN32 times in this passage

  Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

  つまり、すべての花を「品種改良」によって、より大輪にし、そして何でもかんでも八重咲に造りかえてしまおうという、人間の趣味と努力と一種の意地がそこに反映しているのである。

  In other words, they reflect human taste, effort, and a kind of stubborn determination to use “selective breeding” to make every flower larger and to turn everything possible into a double-flowered variety.

• というN3

  Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

  つまり、すべての花を「品種改良」によって、より大輪にし、そして何でもかんでも八重咲に造りかえてしまおうという、人間の趣味と努力と一種の意地がそこに反映しているのである。

  In other words, they reflect human taste, effort, and a kind of stubborn determination to use “selective breeding” to make every flower larger and to turn everything possible into a double-flowered variety.

• よりもN3

  Emphatic comparison marking one thing as exceeding another — 'even more than, rather than'.

  （注2）大輪:花の大きさが普通よりも大きいこと

  (Note 2) 大輪: a flower that is larger than usual

• 〜てくるN4

  Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

  毎年、花の種を蒔いたり、球根を植えたりする季節が近づくと、種苗を扱う農園から、色刷りのカタログが送られてくる。

  Every year, as the season for sowing flower seeds and planting bulbs approaches, full-color catalogs arrive from nurseries that sell seeds and plants.

• などN4

  Lists one or more representative items and implies others of the same kind exist — 'and so on / etc. / such as'.

  私には植物を実際に取り寄せて植える土地などはないから、それを眺めて空想庭園を楽しむのである。

  Since I have no land on which to actually order and plant them, I simply look through the catalogs and enjoy an imaginary garden.

• 〜ていくN4

  Marks an action that continues/progresses onward from the present, or is done before moving away — 'to go on doing', 'to do and go'.

  しかし、それらの誇らしげに咲いている花の見合い写真を次々に見ていくと、連中が一様にある傾向を有していることに嫌でも気がつく。

  Yet as I look one after another at the “matchmaking photographs” of those flowers blooming so proudly, I cannot help noticing that they all share a certain tendency.

• に気がつく（にきがつく）N4

  To notice or become aware of something, the noticed thing marked by に, 'to notice / realize ~.'

  しかし、それらの誇らしげに咲いている花の見合い写真を次々に見ていくと、連中が一様にある傾向を有していることに嫌でも気がつく。

  Yet as I look one after another at the “matchmaking photographs” of those flowers blooming so proudly, I cannot help noticing that they all share a certain tendency.

• よりN4

  Particle marking the standard in a comparison (also a starting point), "than / (more) than; from".

  つまり、すべての花を「品種改良」によって、より大輪にし、そして何でもかんでも八重咲に造りかえてしまおうという、人間の趣味と努力と一種の意地がそこに反映しているのである。

  In other words, they reflect human taste, effort, and a kind of stubborn determination to use “selective breeding” to make every flower larger and to turn everything possible into a double-flowered variety.

• 〜てしまう / 〜ちゃうN4

  Verb te-form plus しまう, marking an action as fully completed or done regrettably/by accident — 'end up ...ing' / 'finish ...ing'; ちゃう/じゃう is the casual contraction.

  つまり、すべての花を「品種改良」によって、より大輪にし、そして何でもかんでも八重咲に造りかえてしまおうという、人間の趣味と努力と一種の意地がそこに反映しているのである。

  In other words, they reflect human taste, effort, and a kind of stubborn determination to use “selective breeding” to make every flower larger and to turn everything possible into a double-flowered variety.

• 〜さN4

  Suffix that turns an adjective into a noun naming its degree or quality — '-ness' (e.g. 高さ 'height', 重さ 'weight').

  （注2）大輪:花の大きさが普通よりも大きいこと

  (Note 2) 大輪: a flower that is larger than usual

• 〜たり〜たりN52 times in this passage

  Lists a few representative actions among others done at various times, 'do things like X and Y'.

  毎年、花の種を蒔いたり、球根を植えたりする季節が近づくと、種苗を扱う農園から、色刷りのカタログが送られてくる。

  Every year, as the season for sowing flower seeds and planting bulbs approaches, full-color catalogs arrive from nurseries that sell seeds and plants.

• のでN52 times in this passage

  Gives a reason or cause with a soft, objective/polite nuance — 'because / since'.

  私には植物を実際に取り寄せて植える土地などはないから、それを眺めて空想庭園を楽しむのである。

  Since I have no land on which to actually order and plant them, I simply look through the catalogs and enjoy an imaginary garden.

• しかしN5

  Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

  しかし、それらの誇らしげに咲いている花の見合い写真を次々に見ていくと、連中が一様にある傾向を有していることに嫌でも気がつく。

  Yet as I look one after another at the “matchmaking photographs” of those flowers blooming so proudly, I cannot help noticing that they all share a certain tendency.

• 〜ているN54 times in this passage

  Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

  しかし、それらの誇らしげに咲いている花の見合い写真を次々に見ていくと、連中が一様にある傾向を有していることに嫌でも気がつく。

  Yet as I look one after another at the “matchmaking photographs” of those flowers blooming so proudly, I cannot help noticing that they all share a certain tendency.

• にするN5

  To decide on or turn something into a given state or choice, 'to make it ~ / to go with ~.'

  つまり、すべての花を「品種改良」によって、より大輪にし、そして何でもかんでも八重咲に造りかえてしまおうという、人間の趣味と努力と一種の意地がそこに反映しているのである。

  In other words, they reflect human taste, effort, and a kind of stubborn determination to use “selective breeding” to make every flower larger and to turn everything possible into a double-flowered variety.

• そしてN5

  Additive/sequential conjunction joining clauses, 'and / and then'.

  つまり、すべての花を「品種改良」によって、より大輪にし、そして何でもかんでも八重咲に造りかえてしまおうという、人間の趣味と努力と一種の意地がそこに反映しているのである。

  In other words, they reflect human taste, effort, and a kind of stubborn determination to use “selective breeding” to make every flower larger and to turn everything possible into a double-flowered variety.