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N1 · AdvancedMedium passagePassage #430
2

おおかたそうはんがくやくてきせいもたらすげんでは、だれ実生活じっせいかつなかたいけんするしんせんおどろや、たわいない(注1)おもるいいがそのてんなっているむしろがく画期的かっきてきはつめい発見はっけんほどかぎりなくにちじょうてきたいてきものごともとなっているのである。(ちゅうりゃく

しかしごろおもおどろちがおもおどろだけということならないところが、ようするにがくとくちょうあるおもおどろは、あたらたしな「ものかた」へのきっかけしかなくがくとはそれらとことんせんれんするそうふういとなほかならないじつそうふうこそが、れきじょうゆうすうがくしゃたちかなり一貫いっかんした姿せいなのである

なにおどろそれまでとうぜんだとおもいたことに、すこちがかくから眼差まなざむけてみるそれだけではなくちがかくからきたこと首尾一貫しゅびいっかん(注2)させたしものすると、もとのぞだといたことが、あっさりじつげんできることしんせんおどろささいおもそしてちょっとしたかいしゅうせいきっかけに、じょうしきとはすこちがものかた」をしたときどこいちめんいたじょうしきそのものよりゆたものならないかんがみるこれがくほんとう発展はってんさせたひとびときょうつうした姿せいある

一夫かずおがくてきこうとはなにだろうかーものつくりてんからによる

ちゅう1)たわいないここでは、ちい

ちゅう2)首尾一貫しゅびいっかんさせるはじまで一貫いっかんいるようする

Questions

0/3 answered
  1. 1その起点とあるが、何の起点か。
  2. 2筆者は、科学における思いつきや驚きを、どのようなものと考えているか。
  3. 3科学を発展させた人々に共通している姿勢は何か。

Study this passage

Vocabulary13 words
  • 大方おおかた
    • ·large part; greater part; majority
    • ·people in general; general public; public at large
    • ·mostly; for the most part; almost; nearly
    • ·probably; maybe; perhaps
    N1
  • 成果せいか
    • ·(good) result; outcome; fruits (of one's labors); product; accomplishment
    N1
  • 体験たいけん
    • ·(practical) experience; personal experience; hands-on experience; first-hand experience
    N1
  • 驚きおどろき
    • ·surprise; astonishment; wonder; amazement
    N1
  • 起点きてん
    • ·starting point; origin
    N1
  • ごと
    • ·each; every
    N1
  • 日頃ひごろ
    • ·usually; habitually; always
    • ·for a long time
    N1
  • 見方みかた
    • ·viewpoint; point of view; way of looking (at something); view; angle
    • ·way of appreciating (e.g. opera); way of understanding; how to read (a map, train timetable, etc.)
    N1
  • 一面いちめん
    • ·one face; one surface
    • ·the whole surface
    • ·one aspect; one side
    • ·(on) the other hand
    • ·one broad, flat object
    • ·front page (e.g. newspaper)
    N1
  • 思考しこう
    • ·thought; consideration; thinking
    N1
  • つくり
    • ·making; producing; manufacturing; building; construction; make; structure
    • ·appearance (attire, make-up, etc.)
    • ·build; physique
    • ·sashimi
    • ·forced (smile, etc.)
    N1
  • 視点してん
    • ·point of view; viewpoint; angle; perspective
    • ·visual point (position of the eye in calculations of optical instruments)
    N1
  • 終わるおわるAs it appears here: 終わり
    • ·to end; to come to an end; to finish; to close; to be over
    • ·to finish; to complete; to conclude
    • ·to finish doing
    • ·to be past its (one's) prime
    • ·to be awful; to be terrible; to suck; to be hopeless
    N1
Other levels60 words
  • なか
    • ·inside; interior
    • ·among; within
    • ·middle; center; centre
    • ·during; while; middle; midst; amid
    • ·interval; gap
    • ·mean; average
    • ·second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes); middle
    • ·medium grade; medium quality
    • ·red-light district
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なって
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • しかし
    • ·however; but
    N5
  • 違うちがうAs it appears here: 違って
    • ·to differ (from); to be different; to be distinct; to be unlike; to vary; to disagree (with)
    • ·to be wrong; to be incorrect; to be mistaken
    • ·to become abnormal; to go wrong
    • ·isn't it?; wasn't it?
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: ならない
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • ところ
    • ·place; spot; scene; site
    • ·address
    • ·district; area; locality
    • ·one's house
    • ·point; aspect; side; facet
    • ·passage (in text); part
    • ·space; room
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·whereupon; as a result
    • ·about to; on the verge of
    • ·was just doing; was in the process of doing; have just done; just finished doing
    • ·approximately; around; about
    N5
  • 新しいあたらしい
    • ·new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date; modern
    N5
  • 見るみるAs it appears here: 見られる
    • ·to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe
    • ·to examine; to look over; to assess; to check; to judge
    • ·to look after; to attend to; to take care of; to keep an eye on
    • ·to experience; to meet with (misfortune, success, etc.)
    • ·to try ...; to have a go at ...; to give ... a try
    • ·to see (that) ...; to find (that) ...
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: した
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • 少しすこし
    • ·a little; a bit; a small amount; a few; some; slightly; somewhat
    • ·a little while; a short time; a moment; a minute
    • ·a little way; a short distance
    N5
  • 違うちがうAs it appears here: 違った
    • ·to differ (from); to be different; to be distinct; to be unlike; to vary; to disagree (with)
    • ·to be wrong; to be incorrect; to be mistaken
    • ·to become abnormal; to go wrong
    • ·isn't it?; wasn't it?
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: させ
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • できる
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • どこ
    • ·where; what place
    • ·how much (long, far); what extent
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: させた
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • ここ
    • ·here; this place
    • ·this point; here; now
    • ·these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
    • ·the next ... (e.g. few days); these next ...
    N5
  • 小さなちいさな
    • ·small; little; tiny
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: させる
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 科学かがく
    • ·science
    • ·to think about scientifically; to think in terms of science
    N4
  • 驚くおどろくAs it appears here: 驚いた
    • ·to be surprised; to be taken aback; to be amazed; to be astonished; to be shocked
    • ·to be frightened; to be startled; to be alarmed
    N4
  • 確かたしか
    • ·sure; certain; positive; definite
    • ·reliable; trustworthy; safe; sound; firm; accurate; correct; exact
    • ·If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly; If I remember rightly
    N4
  • 驚くおどろくAs it appears here: 驚いて
    • ·to be surprised; to be taken aback; to be amazed; to be astonished; to be shocked
    • ·to be frightened; to be startled; to be alarmed
    N4
  • 思うおもうAs it appears here: 思って
    • ·to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon
    • ·to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
    • ·to judge; to assess; to regard
    • ·to imagine; to suppose; to dream
    • ·to expect; to look forward to
    • ·to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want
    • ·to care (deeply) for; to yearn for; to worry about; to love
    • ·to recall; to remember
    N4
  • 見えるみえるAs it appears here: 見えて
    • ·to be seen; to be visible; to be in sight
    • ·to look; to seem; to appear
    • ·to come
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考えて
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 現場げんば
    • ·actual spot; scene (of a crime, accident, etc.)
    • ·(on) site; (on) the ground; (in) the field; job site
    • ·filming location; (movie) set
    N3
  • 新鮮しんせん
    • ·fresh
    N3
  • むしろ
    • ·rather; better; instead; if anything
    N3
  • 発明はつめい
    • ·invention
    • ·intelligent; clever; smart
    N3
  • 発見はっけん
    • ·discovery; detection; finding
    N3
  • もと
    • ·origin; source; beginning
    • ·basis; base; foundation; root
    • ·cause
    • ·(raw) material; ingredient; base; mix (e.g. for a cake); (soup) stock
    • ·(one's) side
    • ·capital; principal; cost price
    • ·root (of a plant); (tree) trunk
    • ·part (of a brush, chopsticks, etc.) one holds (with the hand)
    • ·first three lines of a waka
    • ·counter for plants or trees
    • ·counter for falcons (in falconry)
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • ようするに
    • ·in short; in a word; to sum up; to put it simply; to make a long story short; after all
    N3
  • 特徴とくちょう
    • ·feature; trait; characteristic; peculiarity; distinction
    N3
  • 実はじつは
    • ·as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly; actually
    N3
  • 何かなにか
    • ·something; some; any
    • ·somehow; for some reason
    • ·(so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
    N3
  • むけるAs it appears here: むけて
    • ·to turn (towards); to face; to point; to aim; to direct to
    • ·to head to; to go towards
    • ·to allot; to allocate
    • ·to send; to dispatch (e.g. a person)
    • ·to aim for; to pursue
    N3
  • 求めるもとめるAs it appears here: 求めて
    • ·to want; to wish for
    • ·to request; to demand; to require; to ask for
    • ·to seek; to search for; to look for; to pursue (pleasure); to hunt (a job); to find (a solution)
    • ·to purchase; to buy
    N3
  • 無駄むだ
    • ·futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
    N3
  • 望みのぞみ
    • ·wish; desire; hope
    • ·prospect; expectation; (one's) hopes
    N3
  • 実現じつげん
    • ·implementation (e.g. of a system); materialization; materialisation; realization; realisation; actualization; actualisation
    N3
  • 理解りかい
    • ·understanding; comprehension; appreciation
    • ·sympathy
    N3
  • 修正しゅうせい
    • ·amendment; correction; revision; modification; alteration; retouching; update; fix
    N3
  • 常識じょうしき
    • ·common sense; good sense; common knowledge; general knowledge; common practice; accepted practice; social etiquette
    N3
  • とき
    • ·time; hour; moment
    • ·occasion; case
    • ·chance; opportunity; season
    • ·the times; the age; the day
    • ·tense
    N3
  • 化しかし
    • ·confectionery; sweets; candy; cake
    N3
  • 豊かゆたか
    • ·abundant; plentiful; rich; ample
    • ·rich; wealthy; affluent; well-off
    • ·open (mind); relaxed; easy
    • ·plump (e.g. breasts); full; ample
    • ·(well) over; (easily) in excess of
    N3
  • 発展はってん
    • ·development; growth; expansion; extension; flourishing
    • ·development (of a situation, story, etc.); advancement; progression; unfolding
    • ·playing around (sexually; esp. of a male homosexual); having an active sex life
    N3
  • 共通きょうつう
    • ·common; shared; mutual
    • ·to be common (to); to be shared (by)
    • ·-wide
    N3
  • なに
    • ·what
    • ·you-know-what; that thing
    • ·whatsit; whachamacallit; what's-his-name; what's-her-name
    • ·penis; (one's) thing; dick
    • ·(not) at all; (not) in the slightest
    • ·what?; huh?
    • ·hey!; come on!
    • ·oh, no (it's fine); why (it's nothing); oh (certainly not)
    N3
  • ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • きっかけ
    • ·chance; start; cue; excuse; motive; impetus; occasion
    N2
  • 姿勢しせい
    • ·posture; pose; position; stance; carriage (of the body)
    • ·attitude; approach; stance
    N2
  • 角度かくど
    • ·angle
    N2
Grammar1 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • だの~だのN1

    Reduplicated listing particle citing examples with a tone of complaint or exasperation ("what with X and Y and all that").

    実は創意工夫こそが、歴史上も有数の科学者たちに見られる、かなり一貫した姿勢なのである。

    In fact, this very spirit of ingenuity is a remarkably consistent attitude found among some of history's greatest scientists.

Other levels30 patterns
  • に反してN2

    Marks an outcome or action that runs opposite to an expectation, rule, or wish; "contrary to, against, in opposition to."

    大方の予想に反して、科学が飛躍的な成果をもたらす現場では、誰もが実生活のなかで体験する新鮮な驚きや、たわいのない思いつきの類いがその起点となっている。

    Contrary to what most people expect, where science produces dramatic breakthroughs, the starting point is often a fresh surprise that anyone might experience in everyday life or some trivial idea that simply occurs to someone.

  • もののN22 times in this passage

    Concessive connective — 'although / even though ~, ...'; concedes the first clause then states something that runs counter to it.

    思いつきや驚きは、新しい確かな「ものの見方」へのきっかけでしかなく、科学とはそれらをとことん洗練する創意工夫の営みにほかならない。

    Ideas and surprises are merely starting points for a new and reliable “way of seeing things”; science is nothing other than the work of using ingenuity to refine them as far as possible.

  • でしかないN2

    Asserts something is nothing more than X, 'is merely / no more than ~'.

    思いつきや驚きは、新しい確かな「ものの見方」へのきっかけでしかなく、科学とはそれらをとことん洗練する創意工夫の営みにほかならない。

    Ideas and surprises are merely starting points for a new and reliable “way of seeing things”; science is nothing other than the work of using ingenuity to refine them as far as possible.

  • にほかならないN2

    Emphatically asserts something is precisely X and nothing else, "is nothing other than / is none other than".

    思いつきや驚きは、新しい確かな「ものの見方」へのきっかけでしかなく、科学とはそれらをとことん洗練する創意工夫の営みにほかならない

    Ideas and surprises are merely starting points for a new and reliable “way of seeing things”; science is nothing other than the work of using ingenuity to refine them as far as possible.

  • がきっかけで / をきっかけにN2

    Marks an event as the trigger or turning point that set something in motion — "prompted by ~", "taking ~ as the occasion".

    新鮮な驚き、ささいな思いつき、そしてちょっとした理解の修正をきっかけに、常識とは少し違った「ものの見方」をしたとき、どこか一面化していた常識そのものがより豊かなものにならないか考えてみる。

    Starting from a fresh surprise, a minor idea, or a slight revision in understanding, when we adopt a “way of seeing things” somewhat different from common sense, we ask whether common sense itself, which may have become one-sided, can thereby be made richer.

  • 的(てき)N33 times in this passage

    A suffix turning a noun into a na-adjective meaning "relating to / -like / -ical" (一般的, 科学的).

    大方の予想に反して、科学が飛躍的な成果をもたらす現場では、誰もが実生活のなかで体験する新鮮な驚きや、たわいのない思いつきの類いがその起点となっている。

    Contrary to what most people expect, where science produces dramatic breakthroughs, the starting point is often a fresh surprise that anyone might experience in everyday life or some trivial idea that simply occurs to someone.

  • むしろN3

    Adverb overturning an expectation to present the following as the more fitting statement; "rather / if anything".

    むしろ、科学の画期的な発明発見ほど、かぎりなく日常的で具体的なものごとがもとになっているのである。

    Indeed, the more groundbreaking a scientific invention or discovery is, the more likely it is to have originated in something thoroughly ordinary and concrete.

  • というN3

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    しかし、日頃の思いつきや驚きと違って、思いついて終わり、驚いただけ、ということにならないところが、ようするに科学の特徴である。

    Unlike everyday ideas and surprises, however, the defining feature of science is that it does not end with merely having an idea or simply being surprised.

  • ところがN3

    Sentence-initial conjunction introducing a result that runs contrary to what was expected — "however; but (unexpectedly)".

    しかし、日頃の思いつきや驚きと違って、思いついて終わり、驚いただけ、ということにならないところが、ようするに科学の特徴である。

    Unlike everyday ideas and surprises, however, the defining feature of science is that it does not end with merely having an idea or simply being surprised.

  • こそN3

    Emphatic particle singling out the preceding word as precisely the right or decisive one — 'precisely, exactly, ...for sure.'

    実は創意工夫こそが、歴史上も有数の科学者たちに見られる、かなり一貫した姿勢なのである。

    In fact, this very spirit of ingenuity is a remarkably consistent attitude found among some of history's greatest scientists.

  • だけでなくN3

    Correlative adding a further item beyond the one stated — 'not only ... (but also)'.

    それだけではなく、違った角度から見えてきたことを首尾一貫させ、確かなものにすると、求めても無駄な望みだと決めつけていたことが、あっさりと実現できることに気づく。

    More than that, if you make what becomes visible from that different angle coherent and solid, you may discover that something you had dismissed as a hopeless wish, not worth pursuing, can actually be realized with surprising ease.

  • によって/によるN3

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    (瀬戸一夫『科学的思考とは何だろうかーものつくりの視点から』による

    (From Seto Kazuo, What Is Scientific Thinking?—From the Perspective of Making Things)

  • ことになるN4

    Expresses that something has been decided or comes about, often through external circumstances rather than the speaker's own will; 'it has been decided that / it turns out that.'

    しかし、日頃の思いつきや驚きと違って、思いついて終わり、驚いただけ、ということにならないところが、ようするに科学の特徴である。

    Unlike everyday ideas and surprises, however, the defining feature of science is that it does not end with merely having an idea or simply being surprised.

  • と思う(とおもう)N4

    Quotative plus 'think', stating the speaker's opinion or guess — 'I think that'.

    何かに驚いて、それまでは当然だと思っていたことに、少し違った角度から眼差しをむけてみる。

    You are surprised by something and then try looking from a slightly different angle at what you had previously taken for granted.

  • 〜ていたN43 times in this passage

    The past progressive/continuous — an action that was ongoing or a state that held in the past — 'was (do)ing'.

    何かに驚いて、それまでは当然だと思っていたことに、少し違った角度から眼差しをむけてみる。

    You are surprised by something and then try looking from a slightly different angle at what you had previously taken for granted.

  • 〜てみるN42 times in this passage

    Verb te-form plus 見る, doing something on a trial basis to see what happens — 'try ...ing'.

    何かに驚いて、それまでは当然だと思っていたことに、少し違った角度から眼差しをむけてみる

    You are surprised by something and then try looking from a slightly different angle at what you had previously taken for granted.

  • 〜てくるN4

    Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

    それだけではなく、違った角度から見えてきたことを首尾一貫させ、確かなものにすると、求めても無駄な望みだと決めつけていたことが、あっさりと実現できることに気づく。

    More than that, if you make what becomes visible from that different angle coherent and solid, you may discover that something you had dismissed as a hopeless wish, not worth pursuing, can actually be realized with surprising ease.

  • てもN4

    Concessive — 'even if / even though …'; the main clause holds regardless of the te-clause.

    それだけではなく、違った角度から見えてきたことを首尾一貫させ、確かなものにすると、求めても無駄な望みだと決めつけていたことが、あっさりと実現できることに気づく。

    More than that, if you make what becomes visible from that different angle coherent and solid, you may discover that something you had dismissed as a hopeless wish, not worth pursuing, can actually be realized with surprising ease.

  • ときN4

    Marks the time at which something happens — "when X, Y."

    新鮮な驚き、ささいな思いつき、そしてちょっとした理解の修正をきっかけに、常識とは少し違った「ものの見方」をしたとき、どこか一面化していた常識そのものがより豊かなものにならないか考えてみる。

    Starting from a fresh surprise, a minor idea, or a slight revision in understanding, when we adopt a “way of seeing things” somewhat different from common sense, we ask whether common sense itself, which may have become one-sided, can thereby be made richer.

  • よりN4

    Particle marking the standard in a comparison (also a starting point), "than / (more) than; from".

    新鮮な驚き、ささいな思いつき、そしてちょっとした理解の修正をきっかけに、常識とは少し違った「ものの見方」をしたとき、どこか一面化していた常識そのものがより豊かなものにならないか考えてみる。

    Starting from a fresh surprise, a minor idea, or a slight revision in understanding, when we adopt a “way of seeing things” somewhat different from common sense, we ask whether common sense itself, which may have become one-sided, can thereby be made richer.

  • させるN4

    Causative construction — make or let someone do an action ('make/let ~ do').

    (注2)首尾一貫させる:始めから終わりまで一貫しているようにする

    (Note 2) 首尾一貫させる: to make something consistent from beginning to end

  • ようにするN4

    Expresses making an ongoing effort or arranging things so that something does or doesn't happen — "make sure to / try to (do regularly)".

    (注2)首尾一貫させる:始めから終わりまで一貫しているようにする

    (Note 2) 首尾一貫させる: to make something consistent from beginning to end

  • 〜ているN53 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    大方の予想に反して、科学が飛躍的な成果をもたらす現場では、誰もが実生活のなかで体験する新鮮な驚きや、たわいのない思いつきの類いがその起点となっている

    Contrary to what most people expect, where science produces dramatic breakthroughs, the starting point is often a fresh surprise that anyone might experience in everyday life or some trivial idea that simply occurs to someone.

  • のでN5

    Gives a reason or cause with a soft, objective/polite nuance — 'because / since'.

    むしろ、科学の画期的な発明発見ほど、かぎりなく日常的で具体的なものごとがもとになっているのである。

    Indeed, the more groundbreaking a scientific invention or discovery is, the more likely it is to have originated in something thoroughly ordinary and concrete.

  • しかしN5

    Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

    しかし、日頃の思いつきや驚きと違って、思いついて終わり、驚いただけ、ということにならないところが、ようするに科学の特徴である。

    Unlike everyday ideas and surprises, however, the defining feature of science is that it does not end with merely having an idea or simply being surprised.

  • だけN5

    Limiting particle marking 'only / just' — restricts to the stated amount, degree, or item.

    しかし、日頃の思いつきや驚きと違って、思いついて終わり、驚いただけ、ということにならないところが、ようするに科学の特徴である。

    Unlike everyday ideas and surprises, however, the defining feature of science is that it does not end with merely having an idea or simply being surprised.

  • までN52 times in this passage

    Particle marking the spatial, temporal, or extent limit of an action — "until / up to / as far as."

    何かに驚いて、それまでは当然だと思っていたことに、少し違った角度から眼差しをむけてみる。

    You are surprised by something and then try looking from a slightly different angle at what you had previously taken for granted.

  • にするN5

    To decide on or turn something into a given state or choice, 'to make it ~ / to go with ~.'

    それだけではなく、違った角度から見えてきたことを首尾一貫させ、確かなものにすると、求めても無駄な望みだと決めつけていたことが、あっさりと実現できることに気づく。

    More than that, if you make what becomes visible from that different angle coherent and solid, you may discover that something you had dismissed as a hopeless wish, not worth pursuing, can actually be realized with surprising ease.

  • そしてN5

    Additive/sequential conjunction joining clauses, 'and / and then'.

    新鮮な驚き、ささいな思いつき、そしてちょっとした理解の修正をきっかけに、常識とは少し違った「ものの見方」をしたとき、どこか一面化していた常識そのものがより豊かなものにならないか考えてみる。

    Starting from a fresh surprise, a minor idea, or a slight revision in understanding, when we adopt a “way of seeing things” somewhat different from common sense, we ask whether common sense itself, which may have become one-sided, can thereby be made richer.

  • だろうN5

    Presumptive expressing conjecture — 'probably', 'I think', or seeking agreement 'right?'; plain だろう / polite でしょう.

    (瀬戸一夫『科学的思考とは何だろうかーものつくりの視点から』による)

    (From Seto Kazuo, What Is Scientific Thinking?—From the Perspective of Making Things)

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