• いうAs it appears here: いった
  • ·to say; to utter; to declare
  • ·to name; to call
  • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
  N5
• 書くかくAs it appears here: 書いて
  • ·to write; to compose; to pen
  • ·to draw; to paint
  N5
• 読むよむAs it appears here: 読んだ
  • ·to read
  • ·to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant
  • ·to predict; to guess; to forecast; to read (someone's thoughts); to see (e.g. into someone's heart); to divine
  • ·to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
  • ·to decipher; to read (a meter, graph, music, etc.); to tell (the time)
  • ·to count; to estimate
  • ·to read (a kanji) with its native Japanese reading
  N5
• あるAs it appears here: あります
  • ·to be; to exist; to live
  • ·to have
  • ·to be located
  • ·to be equipped with
  • ·to happen; to come about
  • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
  N5
• 私わたし
  • ·I; me
  N5
• その
  • ·that; the
  • ·part (as in "part two")
  • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
  N5
• するAs it appears here: した
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• 書くかく
  • ·to write; to compose; to pen
  • ·to draw; to paint
  N5
• 仕事しごと
  • ·work; job; labor; labour; business; task; assignment; occupation; employment
  • ·work
  N5
• するAs it appears here: して
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• どこ
  • ·where; what place
  • ·how much (long, far); what extent
  N5
• しかし
  • ·however; but
  N5
• 言ういうAs it appears here: 言われる
  • ·to say; to utter; to declare
  • ·to name; to call
  • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
  N5
• 口くち
  • ·mouth
  • ·opening; hole; gap; orifice
  • ·mouth (of a bottle); spout; nozzle; mouthpiece
  • ·gate; door; entrance; exit
  • ·speaking; speech; talk (i.e. gossip)
  • ·taste; palate
  • ·mouth (to feed)
  • ·opening (i.e. vacancy); available position
  • ·invitation; summons
  • ·kind; sort; type
  • ·opening (i.e. beginning)
  • ·counter for mouthfuls, shares (of money) and stove burners
  • ·counter for swords, blades, etc.
  N5
• できる
  • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
  • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
  • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
  • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
  • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
  • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
  • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
  • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
  • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
  • ·to get pregnant
  N5
• 黒いくろい
  • ·black
  • ·dark; blackish; sun-tanned (skin)
  • ·suspicious; criminal; illicit
  • ·darkened and dirty; sooty; covered in dirt
  • ·evil; wicked; black-hearted
  • ·inauspicious; ill-boding; unlucky
  N5
• する
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• 赤いあかいAs it appears here: 赤く
  • ·red; crimson; scarlet; vermilion
  • ·Red; communist
  N5
• なる
  • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
  • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
  • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
  • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
  • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
  • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
  • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
  • ·to play (the part of); to act as
  • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
  • ·to be promoted
  • ·to do ...
  N5
• ここ
  • ·here; this place
  • ·this point; here; now
  • ·these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
  • ·the next ... (e.g. few days); these next ...
  N5
• 心こころ
  • ·mind; heart; spirit
  • ·the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
  N4
• すなわち
  • ·that is (to say); namely; i.e.
  • ·precisely; exactly; just; nothing but; neither more nor less
  • ·(and) then
  N3
• こと
  • ·thing; matter
  • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
  • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
  • ·work; business; affair
  • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
  • ·nominalizing suffix
  • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
  • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
  • ·necessity; need
  • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
  N3
• 以前いぜん
  • ·before; prior to; ago
  • ·the past; before; previously; former times
  N3
• 文ぶん
  • ·sentence
  • ·composition; text; writings
  • ·the literary arts (as opposed to the military arts); academia; literature
  • ·statement
  N3
• 瞬間しゅんかん
  • ·moment; instant; second
  N3
• 叫ぶさけぶAs it appears here: 叫んで
  • ·to shout; to cry (out); to scream; to shriek; to yell; to exclaim
  • ·to clamor (for or against); to advocate; to insist; to protest; to appeal
  N3
• 自慢じまん
  • ·pride (in one's achievements, possessions, etc.); self-praise; boast
  N3
• まさに
  • ·exactly; just; precisely; really; truly; surely; certainly; without doubt
  • ·right (when); just (as)
  • ·just (about to); on the point of; on the verge of; on the brink of
  • ·really (ought to); certainly (should); naturally
  N3
• 通りとおり
  • ·street; road; avenue; thoroughfare
  • ·traffic; coming and going
  • ·flow (of water, air, etc.); passage; running
  • ·transmission (of sound); reach (of voice)
  • ·reputation; favor; favour; popularity
  • ·understanding; comprehension; comprehensibility; clarity
  • ·the same way (as); as (follows, stated, expected, etc.)
  • ·counter for sets of things
  • ·counter for methods, ways, kinds, etc.
  N3
• 感じるかんじるAs it appears here: 感じ
  • ·to feel; to sense; to experience
  • ·to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to be impressed (by); to respond (to)
  • ·to become infected with (an illness); to catch
  N3
• 気付くきづくAs it appears here: 気付かない
  • ·to notice; to realize; to realise; to become aware (of); to perceive; to sense; to suspect
  • ·to regain consciousness; to come to (one's senses); to come round
  N3
• 努力どりょく
  • ·effort; exertion; endeavour; endeavor; hard work; striving
  N3
• よう
  • ·appearing ...; looking ...
  • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
  • ·form; style; design
  • ·like; similar to
  • ·thing (thought or spoken)
  N3
• 明確めいかく
  • ·clear; precise; definite; distinct
  N3
• 理解りかい
  • ·understanding; comprehension; appreciation
  • ·sympathy
  N3
• 注ちゅう
  • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
  N3

Example sentences are translated by AI.

• といったN2

  Introduces representative examples before a summarizing noun — "(things) such as ~", "~ and the like".

  井上ひさしさんが、「エッセイとはすなわち、自慢話である」といったことを書いていらしたのを、以前読んだことがありますが、私はその文を一読した瞬間、「ああっ！」と叫んで赤面したのでした。

  I once read something Inoue Hisashi-san had written to the effect that “an essay is, in essence, a story of self-boasting,” and the instant I read that sentence I cried, “Ah!” and blushed.

• つつN2

  Attaches to a verb stem to mark two actions happening at the same time, 'while ~ing' (concessive 'even though' when written つつも).

  エッセイを書く仕事をしている私は、心のどこかでそのことを感じつつ、気付かない努力をしていた気がする。

  As someone whose work involves writing essays, I think I sensed this somewhere deep down while making an effort not to notice it.

• すなわちN3

  Conjunction restating or clarifying the preceding statement, 'namely / that is / in other words'.

  井上ひさしさんが、「エッセイとはすなわち、自慢話である」といったことを書いていらしたのを、以前読んだことがありますが、私はその文を一読した瞬間、「ああっ！」と叫んで赤面したのでした。

  I once read something Inoue Hisashi-san had written to the effect that “an essay is, in essence, a story of self-boasting,” and the instant I read that sentence I cried, “Ah!” and blushed.

• ことがあるN3

  After a plain verb, 'there are times when...'; after a past-tense verb (〜たことがある), 'have (ever) done, have the experience of'.

  井上ひさしさんが、「エッセイとはすなわち、自慢話である」といったことを書いていらしたのを、以前読んだことがありますが、私はその文を一読した瞬間、「ああっ！」と叫んで赤面したのでした。

  I once read something Inoue Hisashi-san had written to the effect that “an essay is, in essence, a story of self-boasting,” and the instant I read that sentence I cried, “Ah!” and blushed.

• によって/によるN32 times in this passage

  Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

  しかしそのようにズバリ言われると、「私は今まで、自慢話によって、口を糊してきたのだなぁ」ということが、明確に理解できるのです。

  But when it is stated so bluntly, I can clearly understand: “So all this time, I have been making my living from stories of self-boasting.”

• らしいN4

  Evidential auxiliary expressing an inference or hearsay from evidence — 'it seems / apparently ~'; also 'typical of, befitting ~'.

  井上ひさしさんが、「エッセイとはすなわち、自慢話である」といったことを書いていらしたのを、以前読んだことがありますが、私はその文を一読した瞬間、「ああっ！」と叫んで赤面したのでした。

  I once read something Inoue Hisashi-san had written to the effect that “an essay is, in essence, a story of self-boasting,” and the instant I read that sentence I cried, “Ah!” and blushed.

• 〜ていたN4

  The past progressive/continuous — an action that was ongoing or a state that held in the past — 'was (do)ing'.

  エッセイを書く仕事をしている私は、心のどこかでそのことを感じつつ、気付かない努力をしていた気がする。

  As someone whose work involves writing essays, I think I sensed this somewhere deep down while making an effort not to notice it.

• がするN4

  With a perception noun (sound, smell, taste, feeling), expresses that such a sensation occurs — 'there is a smell/sound', 'I sense that'.

  エッセイを書く仕事をしている私は、心のどこかでそのことを感じつつ、気付かない努力をしていた気がする。

  As someone whose work involves writing essays, I think I sensed this somewhere deep down while making an effort not to notice it.

• 〜てくるN4

  Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

  しかしそのようにズバリ言われると、「私は今まで、自慢話によって、口を糊してきたのだなぁ」ということが、明確に理解できるのです。

  But when it is stated so bluntly, I can clearly understand: “So all this time, I have been making my living from stories of self-boasting.”

• ということN4

  Nominalizes a whole statement into a noun — 'the fact that', 'it means that'.

  しかしそのようにズバリ言われると、「私は今まで、自慢話によって、口を糊してきたのだなぁ」ということが、明確に理解できるのです。

  But when it is stated so bluntly, I can clearly understand: “So all this time, I have been making my living from stories of self-boasting.”

• 〜ているN52 times in this passage

  Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

  井上ひさしさんが、「エッセイとはすなわち、自慢話である」といったことを書いていらしたのを、以前読んだことがありますが、私はその文を一読した瞬間、「ああっ！」と叫んで赤面したのでした。

  I once read something Inoue Hisashi-san had written to the effect that “an essay is, in essence, a story of self-boasting,” and the instant I read that sentence I cried, “Ah!” and blushed.

• だ / ですN52 times in this passage

  The copula linking a noun or na-adjective to the subject — plain だ / polite です, 'is/am/are'.

  井上ひさしさんが、「エッセイとはすなわち、自慢話である」といったことを書いていらしたのを、以前読んだことがありますが、私はその文を一読した瞬間、「ああっ！」と叫んで赤面したのでした。

  I once read something Inoue Hisashi-san had written to the effect that “an essay is, in essence, a story of self-boasting,” and the instant I read that sentence I cried, “Ah!” and blushed.

• しかしN5

  Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

  しかしそのようにズバリ言われると、「私は今まで、自慢話によって、口を糊してきたのだなぁ」ということが、明確に理解できるのです。

  But when it is stated so bluntly, I can clearly understand: “So all this time, I have been making my living from stories of self-boasting.”

• までN5

  Particle marking the spatial, temporal, or extent limit of an action — "until / up to / as far as."

  しかしそのようにズバリ言われると、「私は今まで、自慢話によって、口を糊してきたのだなぁ」ということが、明確に理解できるのです。

  But when it is stated so bluntly, I can clearly understand: “So all this time, I have been making my living from stories of self-boasting.”