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N1 · AdvancedLong passagePassage #402
2

わたしは、ひと作曲家さっきょくかとしていろいろかいに、ぶん作曲さっきょくについてかたきたしかしそれは、わたししんが、ぶん作曲さっきょくについてよくいるということするわけではないわたし作曲さっきょくには、ことせつめいできるようしきてきほうほうろんない作曲さっきょくするときわたしは、たんかんかくたよ直観的ちょっかんてきに「これ」となっとくできるおとつらさがつづそして、「ここきょく」とかんところいたときひときょくなるただそれだけある。「これあるいは、「ここきょくというかんかくてきはんだんこんきょは、せつめいできないそしてそのようしてつくなんあるのかについても、よくのである

もっともわたしは、ぶん作曲さっきょくについてほんとうなにというわけではないそもそもどうやってなにつくということまったずにものつくことは、のうあるたともしガラスことも、そしてびんというものどのようものかもガラスびんつくことできないどうよう作曲さっきょくあいにも、ざいあるおとと、そのおとこうせいかたについてそしてさらにおんがくというものどのようものなのかをきょくつくことなどできない作曲さっきょくするからには作曲者さっきょくしゃは、とうぜんそれらについていちおういる

ちゅうりゃく

作曲さっきょくは、かならなんでんとうにおけるほんてきな」しきぜんていしているだがそのほんてきな」しきそのままたいていあいしきてきに)そのはん作曲さっきょくするしゅてきな」作曲家さっきょくかたちいる一方いっぽうぜんえいしゅだいひょうされるような、あらおんがくのうせいもと作曲家さっきょくかたちは、みずか出発点しゅっぱつてんしたでんとうにおけるほんてきな」しきほかするそしてこのでんとうから――あるいは、「いつだつ」とべきかもしれない――は、つね実験的じっけんてきせいしつつまりでんとうてきざいもちことによってあるいはでんとうてきおとこうせいほうこころことによってでんとうらいするほんてきな」しきおんがくというものイメージからいつだつしたもののうせいありそしてこのなるものあいおんがく」ととしても、それどのようもつおんがくなのかは、わかのであるそのはんだんするためには、そこきたおんがくそのものぎんしてみるほかないわたしが、ぶんしん作曲さっきょくについてかたことは、まさにこのことつまりみずかおこな実験的じっけんてきこころ結果けっかとしておんがくについてぎんありぶんおこなことその結果けっかについてぶんしんによるかいしゃくなのである

こんどうゆずる『〈おんがくというなぞによる

Questions

0/4 answered
  1. 1そのようにして作ったとあるが、どのように作ったのか。
  2. 2筆者は、ガラスの花瓶の例を挙げて何を言おうとしているのか。
  3. 3新たな音楽の可能性を求める作曲家達の音楽とは、どのようなものか。
  4. 4筆者によると、自分自身の作曲について語れることはどのようなことか。

Study this passage

Vocabulary15 words
  • 好いよい
    • ·good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
    • ·sufficient; enough; ready; prepared
    • ·profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
    • ·OK; all right; fine; no problem
    • ·easy to ...
    N1
  • きょく
    • ·composition; piece of music; song; track (on a record)
    • ·tune; melody; air
    • ·enjoyment; fun; interest; pleasure
    N1
  • 終わるおわるAs it appears here: 終わりだ
    • ·to end; to come to an end; to finish; to close; to be over
    • ·to finish; to complete; to conclude
    • ·to finish doing
    • ·to be past its (one's) prime
    • ·to be awful; to be terrible; to suck; to be hopeless
    N1
  • 根拠こんきょ
    • ·basis; grounds; foundation; reason; authority
    • ·base (of operations)
    • ·base (of a group of stones)
    N1
  • やるAs it appears here: やって
    • ·to do; to undertake; to perform; to play (a game); to study
    • ·to send; to dispatch; to despatch
    • ·to put; to move; to turn (one's head, glance, etc.)
    • ·to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status); to let have; to present; to bestow; to confer
    • ·to make (a vehicle) go faster
    • ·to run (a business); to keep; to be engaged in; to practice (law, medicine, etc.); to practise
    • ·to have (food, drink, etc.); to eat; to drink; to smoke
    • ·to hold (a performance); to perform; to show
    • ·to ease (one's mind)
    • ·to harm; to injure; to kill
    • ·to have sex; to fuck; to bang
    • ·to live; to get by; to get along
    • ·to do ... completely
    • ·to do ... broadly; to do ... to a great distance
    • ·to do ... for (someone of equal or lower status); to do ... to
    • ·to make active efforts to ...
    • ·to suffer from (an illness); to experience (a medical condition); to be afflicted with
    N1
  • 素材そざい
    • ·ingredient; (raw) material; resource
    • ·unprocessed timber; raw timber
    • ·subject matter; topic
    N1
  • 前提ぜんてい
    • ·condition; assumption; prerequisite; hypothesis
    • ·intention; intent; aim; goal
    • ·premise
    N1
  • 帯びるおびる
    • ·to wear (a sword, decoration, etc.); to carry; to bear
    • ·to be entrusted with (a mission); to be charged with; to take on
    • ·to have (a quality, property, etc.); to have a trace of; to be tinged with
    N1
    • ·fault; error; mistake
    • ·going poorly; being disadvantageous; being unfavorable
    • ·un-; non-; an-
    N1
  • 試みるこころみる
    • ·to try; to attempt; to have a go (at)
    N1
  • 告げるつげる
    • ·to tell; to inform; to announce
    • ·to indicate; to signal; to mark
    N1
  • 未知みち
    • ·not yet known; unknown; strange
    N1
  • 産むうむAs it appears here: 産み
    • ·to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs)
    • ·to produce; to yield; to give rise to; to deliver
    N1
  • 吟味ぎんみ
    • ·close examination; careful investigation; close inspection; careful selection; inquiry; enquiry; scrutiny; testing
    • ·investigation of a crime; inquiry into someone's guilt
    • ·winner (of the most rounds, i.e. a full game)
    • ·reciting and appreciating traditional poetry
    N1
  • 試みこころみ
    • ·attempt; trial; experiment
    • ·endeavour (endeavor); effort; venture; initiative
    N1
Other levels100 words
  • わたし
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • 一人ひとり
    • ·one person
    • ·being alone; being by oneself
    • ·being single; being unmarried
    • ·by oneself; alone
    • ·just; only; simply
    N5
  • 色々いろいろ
    • ·various; a variety of; all sorts of; many (different)
    • ·variously; in various ways; in many ways
    • ·various things; this and that
    N5
  • 自分じぶん
    • ·myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself
    • ·I; me
    • ·you
    N5
  • しかし
    • ·however; but
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • よく
    • ·nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully
    • ·frequently; often
    • ·I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
    • ·(you have) quite the nerve to; I don't know how you can ...
    N5
  • 知るしるAs it appears here: 知って
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • 意味いみ
    • ·meaning; significance; sense
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 言葉ことば
    • ·language; dialect
    • ·word; phrase; expression; term
    • ·speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language
    • ·words; remark; statement; comment
    • ·learning to speak; language acquisition
    N5
  • できる
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • ここ
    • ·here; this place
    • ·this point; here; now
    • ·these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
    • ·the next ... (e.g. few days); these next ...
    N5
  • 一つひとつ
    • ·one
    • ·for one thing
    • ·only
    • ·(not) even
    • ·just (e.g. "just try it")
    • ·some kind of; one type of
    N5
  • なる
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • できるAs it appears here: できない
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 作るつくるAs it appears here: 作った
    • ·to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct
    • ·to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol)
    • ·to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train
    • ·to till
    • ·to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write
    • ·to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose
    • ·to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found
    • ·to have (a child)
    • ·to make up (one's face, etc.)
    • ·to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
    • ·to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion
    • ·to form (a line, etc.)
    • ·to set (a record)
    • ·to commit (a sin, etc.)
    N5
  • 分かるわかるAs it appears here: 分からない
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow
    • ·to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized (realised); to be found out; to make sense
    • ·I know!; I think so too!
    N5
  • 知るしるAs it appears here: 知らない
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • どう
    • ·how; in what way; how about
    N5
  • 作るつくる
    • ·to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct
    • ·to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol)
    • ·to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train
    • ·to till
    • ·to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write
    • ·to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose
    • ·to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found
    • ·to have (a child)
    • ·to make up (one's face, etc.)
    • ·to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
    • ·to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion
    • ·to form (a line, etc.)
    • ·to set (a record)
    • ·to commit (a sin, etc.)
    N5
  • 知るしるAs it appears here: 知ら
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • 花瓶かびん
    • ·(flower) vase
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • どの
    • ·which; what (way)
    N5
  • 知るしるAs it appears here: 知らなければ
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • 音楽おんがく
    • ·music
    N5
  • いる
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: される
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: した
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • この
    • ·this
    • ·last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this
    • ·you (as in "you liar")
    N5
  • 言ういう
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • 出すだすAs it appears here: 出される
    • ·to take out; to get out
    • ·to put out; to reveal; to show
    • ·to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in
    • ·to publish; to make public
    • ·to send (e.g. letter)
    • ·to produce (a sound); to start (fire)
    • ·to serve (food)
    • ·... out (e.g. to jump out, to carry out)
    • ·to begin ...; to start to ...; to burst into ...
    N5
  • あるAs it appears here: あり
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • 呼ぶよぶ
    • ·to call out (to); to call; to invoke
    • ·to summon (a doctor, etc.)
    • ·to invite
    • ·to designate; to name; to brand
    • ·to garner (support, etc.); to gather
    • ·to take as one's wife
    N5
  • もつ
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • そこ
    • ·there (place relatively near listener)
    • ·there (place just mentioned); that place
    • ·then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised)
    • ·you
    N5
  • 生まれるうまれるAs it appears here: 生まれて
    • ·to be born
    N5
  • ほか
    • ·another place; some other place; somewhere else; outside
    • ·another (person or thing); other; different; something else; someone else; the rest; et al.
    • ·beyond (one's expectations, imagination, etc.); outside
    • ·except; but; other than; apart from
    • ·besides; in addition to; as well as; on top of
    N5
  • 出すだすAs it appears here: 出された
    • ·to take out; to get out
    • ·to put out; to reveal; to show
    • ·to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in
    • ·to publish; to make public
    • ·to send (e.g. letter)
    • ·to produce (a sound); to start (fire)
    • ·to serve (food)
    • ·... out (e.g. to jump out, to carry out)
    • ·to begin ...; to start to ...; to burst into ...
    N5
  • 機会きかい
    • ·chance; opportunity; occasion
    N4
  • わけ
    • ·reason; cause; grounds
    • ·meaning; sense
    • ·(good) sense; reason
    • ·circumstances; case
    • ·(romantic) relationship; love affair
    N4
  • 説明せつめい
    • ·explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
    N4
  • おと
    • ·sound; noise
    • ·(musical) note
    • ·fame
    N4
  • 探すさがすAs it appears here: 探し
    • ·to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to seek
    • ·to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer); to fish around
    N4
  • 例えばたとえば
    • ·for example; for instance; e.g.
    N4
  • もし
    • ·if; in case; supposing
    N4
  • ガラスがらす
    • ·glass; pane
    N4
  • 場合ばあい
    • ·case; occasion; situation; circumstances
    N4
  • 仕方しかた
    • ·way; method; means; resource; course
    N4
  • 必ずかならず
    • ·always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively; invariably
    N4
  • 受けるうけるAs it appears here: 受け
    • ·to receive; to get
    • ·to catch (e.g. a ball)
    • ·to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.)
    • ·to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to suffer (an injury); to feel (influence)
    • ·to undergo (e.g. surgery); to take (a test); to accept (a challenge)
    • ·to be given (e.g. life, talent)
    • ·to find funny; to find humorous; to be amused (by)
    • ·to follow; to succeed; to be descended from
    • ·to face (south, etc.)
    • ·to be modified by
    • ·to obtain (a pawned item, etc.) by paying a fee
    • ·to be well-received; to become popular; to go down well
    N4
  • ため
    • ·good; advantage; benefit; welfare
    • ·sake; purpose; objective; aim
    • ·consequence; result; effect
    • ·affecting; regarding; concerning
    N4
  • 行うおこなうAs it appears here: 行った
    • ·to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
    N4
  • 作曲さっきょく
    • ·composition (of music); setting; writing music
    N3
  • 語るかたるAs it appears here: 語って
    • ·to talk about; to speak of; to tell; to narrate
    • ·to recite; to chant
    • ·to indicate; to show
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • とき
    • ·time; hour; moment
    • ·occasion; case
    • ·chance; opportunity; season
    • ·the times; the age; the day
    • ·tense
    N3
  • 単にたんに
    • ·simply; merely; only; solely
    N3
  • 感覚かんかく
    • ·sense; sensation; feeling; intuition
    N3
  • 頼るたよるAs it appears here: 頼って
    • ·to rely on; to depend on; to count on; to turn to (for help)
    N3
  • 納得なっとく
    • ·consent; agreement; acceptance
    • ·understanding; satisfaction (e.g. with an explanation); being convinced
    N3
  • 感じるかんじる
    • ·to feel; to sense; to experience
    • ·to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to be impressed (by); to respond (to)
    • ·to become infected with (an illness); to catch
    N3
  • ただ
    • ·ordinary; common; usual
    • ·free of charge
    • ·unaffected; as is; safe
    • ·only; merely; just; simply
    • ·but; however; nevertheless
    N3
  • あるいは
    • ·or; either ... or
    • ·maybe; perhaps; possibly
    • ·some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...
    N3
  • 判断はんだん
    • ·judgment; judgement; decision; conclusion; adjudication
    • ·divination
    • ·judgement
    N3
  • 何でなんで
    • ·why?; what for?
    • ·how?; by what means?
    N3
  • もっとも
    • ·but then; although; though
    • ·reasonable; natural; just
    N3
  • 何もなにも
    • ·(not) anything; (nothing) at all; (not) any; nothing
    • ·and everything else; and all
    • ·(not) at all; (not) in the least; (not) especially; (not) to that extent
    N3
  • 全くまったく
    • ·really; truly; entirely; completely; wholly; perfectly
    • ·indeed
    • ·good grief
    N3
  • 構成こうせい
    • ·composition; construction; formation; makeup; structure; organization; organisation
    N3
  • さらに
    • ·furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
    N3
  • 伝統でんとう
    • ·tradition; convention
    N3
  • 知識ちしき
    • ·knowledge; information
    N3
  • そのまま
    • ·without change; as is
    • ·just like; extremely similar
    • ·immediately; just after; without a pause
    N3
  • 範囲はんい
    • ·extent; scope; sphere; range; span
    N3
  • 主義しゅぎ
    • ·doctrine; rule; principle; -ism
    N3
  • 代表だいひょう
    • ·representation; representative; delegate; delegation
    • ·exemplification; typification; being representative of; being typical of; representative example; exemplar; model
    • ·leader
    • ·switchboard number; main number
    N3
  • 新たあらた
    • ·new; fresh; novel
    N3
  • 求めるもとめる
    • ·to want; to wish for
    • ·to request; to demand; to require; to ask for
    • ·to seek; to search for; to look for; to pursue (pleasure); to hunt (a job); to find (a solution)
    • ·to purchase; to buy
    N3
  • 常につねに
    • ·always; constantly; at all times; habitually
    N3
  • つまり
    • ·that is to say; that is; in other words; I mean; that (this, it) means
    • ·in short; in brief; to sum up; ultimately; in the end; in the long run; when all is said and done; what it all comes down to; when you get right down to it; basically
    • ·clogging; obstruction; stuffing; (degree of) blockage
    • ·shrinkage
    • ·end; conclusion
    • ·dead end; corner
    • ·distress; being at the end of one's rope
    N3
  • 用いるもちいる
    • ·to use; to make use of; to utilize; to utilise
    N3
  • ほう
    • ·law; act; principle
    • ·method
    • ·mood
    • ·dharma; law
    N3
  • 価値かち
    • ·value; worth; merit
    N3
  • 語るかたるAs it appears here: 語り
    • ·to talk about; to speak of; to tell; to narrate
    • ·to recite; to chant
    • ·to indicate; to show
    N3
  • まさに
    • ·exactly; just; precisely; really; truly; surely; certainly; without doubt
    • ·right (when); just (as)
    • ·just (about to); on the point of; on the verge of; on the brink of
    • ·really (ought to); certainly (should); naturally
    N3
  • 結果けっか
    • ·result; consequence; outcome; effect
    • ·as a result of ...; as a consequence of ...; after ...; following ...
    • ·bearing fruit; fruiting
    N3
  • 解釈かいしゃく
    • ·interpretation; explanation; reading; construction
    N3
  • なぞ
    • ·riddle; puzzle; enigma; mystery
    • ·enigmatic; mysterious
    N3
  • 出来上がりできあがり
    • ·completion; finish
    • ·workmanship; result; outcome
    N2
  • 一応いちおう
    • ·more or less; though not quite satisfactorily; after a fashion; pretty much; roughly; so far as it goes; technically
    • ·tentatively; for the time being
    • ·just in case
    • ·once
    N2
  • 性質せいしつ
    • ·nature (of a person); disposition; temperament; character
    • ·quality; inherent characteristic; property; nature; (chemical) behavior
    N2
  • 相変わらずあいかわらず
    • ·as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
    N2
  • 意義いぎ
    • ·meaning; significance
    N2
Grammar5 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • というわけではないN1

    Partial denial: it isn't necessarily the case that... — "it's not that...", "not exactly...".

    もっとも、私は、自分の作曲について本当に何も知らないというわけではない

    That said, it is not that I truly know nothing at all about my own composing.

  • というものN13 times in this passage

    Emphasizes the entire stretch of a stated time period, or foregrounds the essential nature of a thing — "for the whole (time)...", "the very idea of...".

    例えば、もし、ガラスのことも、そして、花瓶というものがどのようなものかも知らなければ、ガラスの花瓶を作ることはできない。

    For example, if you knew nothing about glass and did not know what a vase was like, you could not make a glass vase.

  • を前提として(をぜんていとして)N1

    States that something is taken as the premise or precondition for what follows — "on the premise/assumption that".

    作曲は、必ず、何らかの伝統における「基本的な」知識を前提としている。

    Composition necessarily presupposes some form of “basic” knowledge within a particular tradition.

  • 可能性があるN1

    States that something is possible or could happen — 'there is a possibility that ~, ~ could ~'.

    つまり、非伝統的な素材を用いることによって、あるいは、非伝統的な音構成法を試みることによって、伝統に由来する「基本的な」知識が告げる音楽というもののイメージから逸脱した未知のものが産み出される可能性があり、そして、この未知なるものを相変わらず「音楽」と呼ぶとしても、それがどのような意義と価値をもつ音楽なのかは、判らないのである。

    In other words, by using nontraditional materials or trying nontraditional methods of organizing sound, something unknown may be produced that departs from the image of music dictated by the “basic” knowledge inherited from tradition; and even if we continue to call this unknown thing “music,” we do not know what significance or value that music has.

  • だの~だのN12 times in this passage

    Reduplicated listing particle citing examples with a tone of complaint or exasperation ("what with X and Y and all that").

    つまり、非伝統的な素材を用いることによって、あるいは、非伝統的な音構成法を試みることによって、伝統に由来する「基本的な」知識が告げる音楽というもののイメージから逸脱した未知のものが産み出される可能性があり、そして、この未知なるものを相変わらず「音楽」と呼ぶとしても、それがどのような意義と価値をもつ音楽なのかは、判らないのである。

    In other words, by using nontraditional materials or trying nontraditional methods of organizing sound, something unknown may be produced that departs from the image of music dictated by the “basic” knowledge inherited from tradition; and even if we continue to call this unknown thing “music,” we do not know what significance or value that music has.

Other levels35 patterns
  • あるいはN23 times in this passage

    Presents an alternative or a possibility — 'or; or perhaps; alternatively'.

    「これが好い」あるいは、「ここが曲の終わりだ」という感覚的な判断の根拠は、説明できない。

    I cannot explain the basis for such intuitive judgments as “This is good” or “This is where the piece ends.”

  • ものか / もんかN2

    Emphatic rhetorical denial tacked onto a plain-form predicate — 'there's no way I would ~', 'as if I'd ~'.

    例えば、もし、ガラスのことも、そして、花瓶というものがどのようなものかも知らなければ、ガラスの花瓶を作ることはできない。

    For example, if you knew nothing about glass and did not know what a vase was like, you could not make a glass vase.

  • さらにN2

    Adds a further point or a greater degree — 'furthermore', 'moreover', 'even more'.

    同様に、作曲の場合にも、素材である音と、その音の構成の仕方について知らなければ、そしてさらに、音楽というものがどのようなものなのかを知らなければ、曲を作ることなどできない。

    Likewise, in composition, unless one knows about sound as the material, how those sounds are organized, and furthermore what music itself is, one cannot possibly compose a piece.

  • からにはN2

    Signals that, given a decision or established fact, a fitting resolve or consequence naturally follows — 'now that ~', 'since ~'.

    作曲をするからには、作曲者は、当然、それらについて一応知っている。

    If one is going to compose, the composer naturally has at least some knowledge of those things.

  • 一応(いちおう)N2

    Marks an action as done tentatively, roughly, or just to be safe — 'for now', 'more or less', 'just in case'.

    作曲をするからには、作曲者は、当然、それらについて一応知っている。

    If one is going to compose, the composer naturally has at least some knowledge of those things.

  • としてN33 times in this passage

    Marks the role, capacity, or status in which someone or something acts — "as (a doctor / a rule / etc.)".

    私は、一人の作曲家として、色々な機会に、自分の作曲について語ってきた。

    As a composer, I have spoken on various occasions about my own composing.

  • についてN39 times in this passage

    Marks the topic an action or statement is directed at; 'about', 'concerning', 'regarding'.

    私は、一人の作曲家として、色々な機会に、自分の作曲について語ってきた。

    As a composer, I have spoken on various occasions about my own composing.

  • わけではないN3

    Partially denies an assumed conclusion — 'it's not (necessarily) that ~', 'doesn't necessarily mean ~'.

    しかしそれは、私自身が、自分の作曲についてよく知っている、ということを意味するわけではない

    However, that does not mean that I myself know my own composing well.

  • 的(てき)N313 times in this passage

    A suffix turning a noun into a na-adjective meaning "relating to / -like / -ical" (一般的, 科学的).

    私の作曲には、言葉で説明できるような組織的な方法論はない。

    There is no systematic methodology in my composing that can be explained in words.

  • というN33 times in this passage

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    「これが好い」あるいは、「ここが曲の終わりだ」という感覚的な判断の根拠は、説明できない。

    I cannot explain the basis for such intuitive judgments as “This is good” or “This is where the piece ends.”

  • ずにN3

    Marks doing one thing without doing another; a more formal equivalent of 〜ないで — 'without …ing'.

    そもそも、どうやって何を作るかということを全く知らずに物を作ることは、不可能である。

    In the first place, it is impossible to make something without knowing at all what to make or how to make it.

  • 例えば(たとえば)N3

    Introduces an illustrative instance, 'for example / for instance'.

    例えば、もし、ガラスのことも、そして、花瓶というものがどのようなものかも知らなければ、ガラスの花瓶を作ることはできない。

    For example, if you knew nothing about glass and did not know what a vase was like, you could not make a glass vase.

  • たものだN3

    recalls a past habitual action with fondness or nostalgia, 'used to (do)'.

    同様に、作曲の場合にも、素材である音と、その音の構成の仕方について知らなければ、そしてさらに、音楽というものがどのようなものなのかを知らなければ、曲を作ることなどできない。

    Likewise, in composition, unless one knows about sound as the material, how those sounds are organized, and furthermore what music itself is, one cannot possibly compose a piece.

  • において/におけるN32 times in this passage

    Formally marks the place, time, or domain in which something holds, 'in / at / regarding'.

    作曲は、必ず、何らかの伝統における「基本的な」知識を前提としている。

    Composition necessarily presupposes some form of “basic” knowledge within a particular tradition.

  • ままN3

    Expresses that a state is left unchanged while something else is done or happens; 'as it is / while still (in that state).'

    だが、その「基本的な」知識をそのまま(大抵の場合、無意識的に)受け容れてその範囲で作曲する「保守的な」作曲家達がいる一方で、前衛主義に代表されるような、新たな音楽の可能性を求める作曲家達は、自らが出発点とした伝統における「基本的な」知識の外に踏み出そうとする。

    Yet while there are “conservative” composers who accept that “basic” knowledge as it is—usually unconsciously—and compose within its bounds, composers who seek new possibilities for music, as exemplified by the avant-garde, try to step outside the “basic” knowledge of the tradition from which they began.

  • 一方で(いっぽうで)N3

    A connective presenting a second, contrasting or simultaneous aspect — 'on the other hand; while; meanwhile'.

    だが、その「基本的な」知識をそのまま(大抵の場合、無意識的に)受け容れてその範囲で作曲する「保守的な」作曲家達がいる一方で、前衛主義に代表されるような、新たな音楽の可能性を求める作曲家達は、自らが出発点とした伝統における「基本的な」知識の外に踏み出そうとする。

    Yet while there are “conservative” composers who accept that “basic” knowledge as it is—usually unconsciously—and compose within its bounds, composers who seek new possibilities for music, as exemplified by the avant-garde, try to step outside the “basic” knowledge of the tradition from which they began.

  • つまりN32 times in this passage

    Restates or sums up the preceding statement more plainly — 'in other words / that is to say'.

    つまり、非伝統的な素材を用いることによって、あるいは、非伝統的な音構成法を試みることによって、伝統に由来する「基本的な」知識が告げる音楽というもののイメージから逸脱した未知のものが産み出される可能性があり、そして、この未知なるものを相変わらず「音楽」と呼ぶとしても、それがどのような意義と価値をもつ音楽なのかは、判らないのである。

    In other words, by using nontraditional materials or trying nontraditional methods of organizing sound, something unknown may be produced that departs from the image of music dictated by the “basic” knowledge inherited from tradition; and even if we continue to call this unknown thing “music,” we do not know what significance or value that music has.

  • によって/によるN34 times in this passage

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    つまり、非伝統的な素材を用いることによって、あるいは、非伝統的な音構成法を試みることによって、伝統に由来する「基本的な」知識が告げる音楽というもののイメージから逸脱した未知のものが産み出される可能性があり、そして、この未知なるものを相変わらず「音楽」と呼ぶとしても、それがどのような意義と価値をもつ音楽なのかは、判らないのである。

    In other words, by using nontraditional materials or trying nontraditional methods of organizing sound, something unknown may be produced that departs from the image of music dictated by the “basic” knowledge inherited from tradition; and even if we continue to call this unknown thing “music,” we do not know what significance or value that music has.

  • ためにN3

    marks a purpose ('in order to') or a cause ('because of / owing to').

    その意義と価値を判断するためには、そこに生まれてきた音楽そのものを吟味してみるほかはない。

    To judge that significance and value, there is no alternative but to examine the music that has actually emerged.

  • 〜てくるN42 times in this passage

    Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

    私は、一人の作曲家として、色々な機会に、自分の作曲について語ってきた

    As a composer, I have spoken on various occasions about my own composing.

  • ということN42 times in this passage

    Nominalizes a whole statement into a noun — 'the fact that', 'it means that'.

    しかしそれは、私自身が、自分の作曲についてよく知っている、ということを意味するわけではない。

    However, that does not mean that I myself know my own composing well.

  • ようだN44 times in this passage

    Expresses conjecture or resemblance drawn from evidence, "it seems / looks like".

    私の作曲には、言葉で説明できるような組織的な方法論はない。

    There is no systematic methodology in my composing that can be explained in words.

  • ときN42 times in this passage

    Marks the time at which something happens — "when X, Y."

    作曲するときの私は、単に、感覚に頼って、直観的に「これが好い」と納得できる音の連なりを探し続ける。

    When I compose, I simply rely on my senses and intuition, continually searching for a sequence of sounds that convinces me, “This is good.”

  • 続ける(つづける)N4

    Attaches to a verb stem to mean keep doing / continue doing the action ('keep ~ing').

    作曲するときの私は、単に、感覚に頼って、直観的に「これが好い」と納得できる音の連なりを探し続ける

    When I compose, I simply rely on my senses and intuition, continually searching for a sequence of sounds that convinces me, “This is good.”

  • だけでN4

    'Just by / with only' — a single small condition alone is enough to produce the result.

    ただそれだけである。

    That is all.

  • ようにするN4

    Expresses making an ongoing effort or arranging things so that something does or doesn't happen — "make sure to / try to (do regularly)".

    そして、そのようにして作った曲が何であるのかについても、よく分からないのである。

    Nor do I really understand what the music created in that way actually is.

  • 場合は(ばあいは)N4

    States the situation or condition under which something applies — 'in the case of; in the event that; if'.

    同様に、作曲の場合にも、素材である音と、その音の構成の仕方について知らなければ、そしてさらに、音楽というものがどのようなものなのかを知らなければ、曲を作ることなどできない。

    Likewise, in composition, unless one knows about sound as the material, how those sounds are organized, and furthermore what music itself is, one cannot possibly compose a piece.

  • などN4

    Lists one or more representative items and implies others of the same kind exist — 'and so on / etc. / such as'.

    同様に、作曲の場合にも、素材である音と、その音の構成の仕方について知らなければ、そしてさらに、音楽というものがどのようなものなのかを知らなければ、曲を作ることなどできない。

    Likewise, in composition, unless one knows about sound as the material, how those sounds are organized, and furthermore what music itself is, one cannot possibly compose a piece.

  • かもしれないN4

    Expresses possibility or conjecture — 'might', 'maybe', 'perhaps'.

    そして、この伝統からの踏み出し――あるいは、「逸脱」と言うべきかもしれない――は、常に、実験的な性質を帯びる。

    And this step beyond tradition—or perhaps it should be called a “deviation” from tradition—always has an experimental character.

  • 〜てみるN4

    Verb te-form plus 見る, doing something on a trial basis to see what happens — 'try ...ing'.

    その意義と価値を判断するためには、そこに生まれてきた音楽そのものを吟味してみるほかはない。

    To judge that significance and value, there is no alternative but to examine the music that has actually emerged.

  • しかしN5

    Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

    しかしそれは、私自身が、自分の作曲についてよく知っている、ということを意味するわけではない。

    However, that does not mean that I myself know my own composing well.

  • 〜ているN52 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    しかしそれは、私自身が、自分の作曲についてよく知っている、ということを意味するわけではない。

    However, that does not mean that I myself know my own composing well.

  • そしてN56 times in this passage

    Additive/sequential conjunction joining clauses, 'and / and then'.

    そして、「ここが曲の終わりだ」と感じる処に到ったとき、一つの曲の出来上がりとなる。

    And when I reach the point where I feel, “This is where the piece ends,” one composition is complete.

  • のでN52 times in this passage

    Gives a reason or cause with a soft, objective/polite nuance — 'because / since'.

    そして、そのようにして作った曲が何であるのかについても、よく分からないのである。

    Nor do I really understand what the music created in that way actually is.

  • どうやってN5

    Asks by what means or method something is done, "how / in what way".

    そもそも、どうやって何を作るかということを全く知らずに物を作ることは、不可能である。

    In the first place, it is impossible to make something without knowing at all what to make or how to make it.

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