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N1 · AdvancedThematic comprehensionPassage #384
2

わたしは、ぞくなかあるがくテーマして雑誌ざっしことありますりょうがくせいかつなかあるしくみなどがくせんもんしないひとにもかんしんもらえるようづくりふうしますそんなときへんしゅうしゃちゅうもんこうです

一般いっぱんしゅかたがたとっつきやすくする(注)ために、ないようがくことあっても「がくということば使つかください。「がく」とだけしまうそのベージことやめてしまうにんけっこういますから」。

これは、わたしにとってむずかしいちゅうもんあることおおですが、へんしゅうしゃことは、一般いっぱんひとたい情報発信じょうほうはっしんこころがまとしてげんてんではてきせつほかありません。「がくということば使つかいなかがおおもんだいなのではありませんどくしゃある一般いっぱんひと」も、発信はっしんするがわあるへんしゅうしゃ」も、がくたいきょかんいるということありそれは、げんざいの「がくじゅつ」と②それ使つかひとかんけいしょうちょうしていますつくがわ発信はっしんするがわは、とうぜんそのないようじゅくしょうらいほうこうせいていあんしますが、それ使つかがわひとあたものじゅうぶんかいせず「というこうどうだけいるかえられます

ちゅうりゃく

じゅつそしてがくじゅつは、そのだいいるひとびとによってもと発展はってんしてきたものあるはずですからわたしたちそれらがくじゅつ使つかしゅじんこうですしかしはたしてわたしたちがくじゅつたいかいは、がく発展はってんとともにすすいるでしょうか……?

たとえばあなたまわで、「がくむずかしいから」とにがだとおもいるひといませんか。あなたしんどうでしょう。がくてきろんじつようレベルふくざつこうために、ひとにぎひとしかわからないむずかしいものなってしまっているのはじつです

せんもんじゅつしゃつくものを、マニュアルとお使つかことさえできれば、③そのしくみなどひつようないというひといるかもしれませんしかしそのよう使つかかたでは、きょうきゅうするそばしめじゅつの「ぶんしかがくじゅつていきょうするそばは「ぶんしかのだとしたら……。それら使つかしゅじんこうあるわたしたちは、あたじょうほうだけではなくがくてきはいけいやしくみすこうえで、せいかつなかか、のかをはんだんすることひつようです

ベネフィット)もわることリスク)もかんがながらがくじゅつつきあっていくその第一歩だいいっぽは、「ことです

くらじゅん/ふるゆかり/リビングサイエンスラボおはようからおやすみまでがくによる

ちゅうとっつきやすくするここでは、やすくする

Questions

0/4 answered
  1. 1編集者の注文とあるが、編集者はなぜ注文したのか。
  2. 2「それを使う人たち」について、筆者はどのように述べでいるか。
  3. 3そのしくみなどを知る必要はないと考えることの問題点は何か。
  4. 4筆者が言いたいことは何か。

Study this passage

Vocabulary13 words
  • やすいAs it appears here: やすく
    • ·easy
    • ·likely to ...; have a tendency to ...
    • ·easy to ...
    N1
  • 読者どくしゃ
    • ·reader
    N1
  • がわ
    • ·side (of something, or taking someone's side); part
    • ·(watch) case
    N1
  • 距離きょり
    • ·distance; range; interval
    • ·difference (e.g. in opinion); gap; distance
    • ·metric
    N1
  • 象徴しょうちょう
    • ·symbol (of something abstract); emblem; (symbolic) representation
    N1
  • 受け入れるうけいれるAs it appears here: 受け入れて
    • ·to accept; to receive; to agree
    N1
  • 主人公しゅじんこう
    • ·protagonist; main character; hero; heroine
    • ·head (of a household); proprietor (of a store)
    N1
  • はたして
    • ·as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough
    • ·really; actually; ever
    N1
  • 理論りろん
    • ·theory
    N1
  • 提供ていきょう
    • ·offer; tender; providing; supplying; making available; donating (blood, organs, etc.)
    • ·sponsoring (a TV program)
    N1
  • 背景はいけい
    • ·background; scenery; backdrop; setting
    • ·background (of an incident, situation, etc.); circumstances; context
    • ·backing; support (from behind the scenes)
    N1
  • つきあうAs it appears here: つきあって
    • ·to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go steady with; to get on with
    • ·to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone; to compromise
    N1
  • 受け入れるうけいれるAs it appears here: 受け入れられ
    • ·to accept; to receive; to agree
    N1
Other levels114 words
  • わたし
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • 家族かぞく
    • ·family
    N5
  • なか
    • ·inside; interior
    • ·among; within
    • ·middle; center; centre
    • ·during; while; middle; midst; amid
    • ·interval; gap
    • ·mean; average
    • ·second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes); middle
    • ·medium grade; medium quality
    • ·red-light district
    N5
  • ある
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 雑誌ざっし
    • ·magazine; journal; periodical
    N5
  • 書くかく
    • ·to write; to compose; to pen
    • ·to draw; to paint
    N5
  • あるAs it appears here: あります
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • 料理りょうり
    • ·cooking; cookery; cuisine; food; dish
    • ·dealing with (skillfully); handling (well); managing
    N5
  • 取りあげるとりあげるAs it appears here: 取りあげて
    • ·to take; to pick up; to grab; to catch; to hold
    • ·to pass; to hand; to give
    • ·to get; to obtain; to acquire; to win; to receive; to earn; to take (e.g. a vacation)
    • ·to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.); to take (a measure, attitude, etc.); to choose
    • ·to remove; to get rid of; to take off
    • ·to take away; to steal; to rob
    • ·to eat; to have (e.g. lunch); to take (e.g. vitamins)
    • ·to pick (e.g. flowers); to gather; to extract (e.g. juice); to catch (e.g. fish); to harvest (a crop)
    • ·to take up (time, space); to occupy; to spare; to set aside
    • ·to secure; to reserve; to save; to put aside; to keep
    • ·to take (e.g. a joke); to interpret; to understand; to make out; to grasp
    • ·to record; to take down
    • ·to subscribe to (e.g. a newspaper); to take; to buy; to get
    • ·to order; to have delivered
    • ·to charge; to fine; to take (tax)
    • ·to take (e.g. a wife); to take on (e.g. an apprentice); to adopt; to accept
    • ·to take control of; to take (the rudder)
    • ·to compete (in sumo, cards, etc.); to play
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: しない
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 持つもつAs it appears here: 持って
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: します
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • ことば
    • ·language; dialect
    • ·word; phrase; expression; term
    • ·speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language
    • ·words; remark; statement; comment
    • ·learning to speak; language acquisition
    N5
  • 使うつかうAs it appears here: 使わないで
    • ·to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use
    • ·to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate
    • ·to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume
    • ·to use (language); to speak
    N5
  • 聞くきくAs it appears here: 聞いた
    • ·to hear
    • ·to listen (e.g. to music)
    • ·to ask; to enquire; to query
    • ·to hear about; to hear of; to learn of
    • ·to follow (advice, order, etc.); to obey; to listen to; to comply with
    • ·to hear (e.g. a plea); to grant (a request); to accept (e.g. an argument); to give consideration to
    • ·to smell (esp. incense); to sample (a fragrance)
    • ·to taste (alcohol); to try
    N5
  • 引くひくAs it appears here: 引いて
    • ·to pull; to tug; to lead (e.g. a horse)
    • ·to draw (attention, sympathy, etc.); to attract (e.g. interest)
    • ·to draw back (e.g. one's hand); to draw in (one's chin, stomach, etc.); to pull in
    • ·to draw (a card, mahjong tile, etc.)
    • ·to draw (a line, plan, etc.)
    • ·to catch (a cold)
    • ·to play (a stringed or keyboard instrument)
    • ·to look up (in a dictionary, phone book, etc.); to consult; to check
    • ·to haul; to pull (vehicles)
    • ·to subtract; to deduct
    • ·to recede; to ebb; to fade
    • ·to be descend from; to inherit (a characteristic)
    • ·to quote; to cite; to raise (as evidence)
    • ·to lay on (electricity, gas, etc.); to install (e.g. a telephone); to supply (e.g. water)
    • ·to hold (e.g. a note)
    • ·to apply (e.g. lipstick); to oil (e.g. a pan); to wax (e.g. a floor)
    • ·to move back; to draw back; to recede; to fall back; to retreat
    • ·to lessen; to subside; to ebb; to go down (e.g. of swelling)
    • ·to resign; to retire; to quit
    • ·to be put off (by someone's words or behaviour); to be turned off; to recoil (in disgust, etc.); to cringe
    • ·to draw back; to pull back; to retreat
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • 読むよむ
    • ·to read
    • ·to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant
    • ·to predict; to guess; to forecast; to read (someone's thoughts); to see (e.g. into someone's heart); to divine
    • ·to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
    • ·to decipher; to read (a meter, graph, music, etc.); to tell (the time)
    • ·to count; to estimate
    • ·to read (a kanji) with its native Japanese reading
    N5
  • けっこう
    • ·splendid; nice; wonderful; delightful; lovely; excellent; fine
    • ·sufficient; satisfactory; enough; fine; all right; OK
    • ·not needing (any more of something); (already) having enough; fine (as in "I'm fine"); no, thank you
    • ·rather; quite; fairly; pretty; surprisingly; quite a bit; fairly well
    • ·structure; construction; framework; architecture
    N5
  • いるAs it appears here: います
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • むずかしい
    • ·difficult; hard; troublesome; complicated; serious (disease, problem, etc.)
    • ·impossible; unfeasible
    • ·fussy; particular; fastidious; hard to please; displeased
    • ·gloomy; glum; sullen; serious (look)
    • ·dirty; unclean; filthy; detestable
    • ·unpleasant; uncomfortable; creepy; spooky
    N5
  • 多いおおい
    • ·many; numerous; a lot
    • ·large amount of; large quantity of; a lot; much
    • ·frequent; common
    N5
  • 言ういう
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • ほか
    • ·another place; some other place; somewhere else; outside
    • ·another (person or thing); other; different; something else; someone else; the rest; et al.
    • ·beyond (one's expectations, imagination, etc.); outside
    • ·except; but; other than; apart from
    • ·besides; in addition to; as well as; on top of
    N5
  • あるAs it appears here: ありません
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • 使うつかう
    • ·to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use
    • ·to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate
    • ·to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume
    • ·to use (language); to speak
    N5
  • 大きなおおきな
    • ·big; large; great
    N5
  • 問題もんだい
    • ·question (e.g. on a test); problem
    • ·problem (e.g. societal, political); question; issue; subject (e.g. of research); case; matter
    • ·question (i.e. doubt)
    • ·public discussion; controversy
    • ·trouble; problem; inconvenience; difficulty
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • 作るつくる
    • ·to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct
    • ·to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol)
    • ·to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train
    • ·to till
    • ·to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write
    • ·to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose
    • ·to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found
    • ·to have (a child)
    • ·to make up (one's face, etc.)
    • ·to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
    • ·to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion
    • ·to form (a line, etc.)
    • ·to set (a record)
    • ·to commit (a sin, etc.)
    N5
  • するAs it appears here:
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • するAs it appears here:
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 買うかう
    • ·to buy; to purchase
    • ·to value (highly); to think highly of; to have a high opinion of; to appreciate; to recognize
    • ·to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers); to invite (e.g. scorn); to evoke; to arouse; to win (someone's favour)
    • ·to accept; to take on; to take up
    • ·to pay for (a prostitute, geisha, etc.)
    N5
  • 言ういうAs it appears here: 言い
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • かえるAs it appears here: かえられます
    • ·to return; to come home; to go home; to go back
    • ·to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.)
    • ·to get home; to get to home plate
    N5
  • しかし
    • ·however; but
    N5
  • あなた
    • ·you
    • ·dear; honey
    N5
  • いるAs it appears here: いません
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • どう
    • ·how; in what way; how about
    N5
  • わかるAs it appears here: わからない
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow
    • ·to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized (realised); to be found out; to make sense
    • ·I know!; I think so too!
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なって
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • できるAs it appears here: できれば
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • 知るしる
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • いる
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • 良いよい
    • ·good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
    • ·sufficient; enough; ready; prepared
    • ·profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
    • ·OK; all right; fine; no problem
    • ·easy to ...
    N5
  • 聞くきくAs it appears here: 聞かれない
    • ·to hear
    • ·to listen (e.g. to music)
    • ·to ask; to enquire; to query
    • ·to hear about; to hear of; to learn of
    • ·to follow (advice, order, etc.); to obey; to listen to; to comply with
    • ·to hear (e.g. a plea); to grant (a request); to accept (e.g. an argument); to give consideration to
    • ·to smell (esp. incense); to sample (a fragrance)
    • ·to taste (alcohol); to try
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: したら
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 知るしるAs it appears here: 知った
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • うえ
    • ·above; over; up
    • ·top; summit; upper part; head (e.g. of a staircase)
    • ·surface; on (top of)
    • ·the above (in a piece of writing); earlier part
    • ·superior; better; higher (position, rank, etc.); upper (class)
    • ·elder; older; senior
    • ·with respect to ...; in terms of; as far as ... is concerned; when (e.g. drunk)
    • ·besides ...; in addition to ...; on top of ...; as well as ...
    • ·after ...; upon ...; on ...; with (e.g. full awareness); as a result of ...
    • ·since ...; now that ...; because ...
    • ·honorable; venerable; dear
    • ·emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo
    N5
  • 悪いわるい
    • ·bad; poor; undesirable
    • ·poor (quality); inferior; insufficient
    • ·evil; sinful
    • ·ugly; not beautiful
    • ·at fault; to blame; in the wrong
    • ·bad (at doing something)
    • ·unprofitable; unbeneficial
    • ·sorry; (my) bad; unforgivable
    N5
  • ここ
    • ·here; this place
    • ·this point; here; now
    • ·these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
    • ·the next ... (e.g. few days); these next ...
    N5
  • 科学かがく
    • ·science
    • ·to think about scientifically; to think in terms of science
    N4
  • 生活せいかつ
    • ·life; living
    • ·livelihood; (one's) living
    N4
  • こう
    • ·in this way; like this; so; thus
    • ·this (much); so
    • ·uh; er; mm; well
    N4
  • ため
    • ·good; advantage; benefit; welfare
    • ·sake; purpose; objective; aim
    • ·consequence; result; effect
    • ·affecting; regarding; concerning
    N4
  • やめるAs it appears here: やめて
    • ·to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to end; to quit
    • ·to cancel; to abandon; to give up; to abolish; to abstain; to refrain
    N4
  • 関係かんけい
    • ·relation; relationship; connection
    • ·participation; involvement; concern
    • ·influence; effect
    • ·sexual relations; sexual relationship
    • ·related to; connected to
    N4
  • 将来しょうらい
    • ·future; (future) prospects
    • ·bringing (from abroad, another region, etc.)
    • ·bringing about; giving rise to; causing; incurring
    N4
  • 十分じゅうぶん
    • ·enough; sufficient; plenty; adequate; satisfactory
    • ·sufficiently; fully; thoroughly; well; perfectly
    • ·division into ten
    N4
  • 技術ぎじゅつ
    • ·technology; engineering
    • ·technique; skill
    • ·art; craft
    N4
  • 時代じだい
    • ·period; epoch; era; age
    • ·the times; those days
    • ·oldness; ancientness; antiquity
    • ·antique; period piece
    N4
  • 生きるいきるAs it appears here: 生きて
    • ·to live; to exist
    • ·to make a living; to subsist
    • ·to be in effect; to be in use; to function
    • ·to come to life; to be enlivened
    • ·to be safe (in baseball, go, etc.)
    N4
  • はず
    • ·should (be); bound (to be); expected (to be); must (be)
    • ·nock (of a bow)
    • ·nock (of an arrow)
    • ·nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger)
    • ·wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
    N4
  • 進むすすむAs it appears here: 進んで
    • ·to advance; to go forward
    • ·to precede; to go ahead (of)
    • ·to make progress; to improve
    • ·to deepen; to heighten
    • ·to be fast (of a clock); to be ahead
    • ·to do of one's own free will
    N4
  • たとえば
    • ·for example; for instance; e.g.
    N4
  • 周りまわり
    • ·circumference; girth
    • ·surroundings; neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity
    • ·people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
    N4
  • 思うおもうAs it appears here: 思って
    • ·to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon
    • ·to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
    • ·to judge; to assess; to regard
    • ·to imagine; to suppose; to dream
    • ·to expect; to look forward to
    • ·to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want
    • ·to care (deeply) for; to yearn for; to worry about; to love
    • ·to recall; to remember
    N4
  • 複雑ふくざつ
    • ·complex; complicated; intricate; mixed (feelings)
    N4
  • 必要ひつよう
    • ·necessary; needed; essential; indispensable
    • ·necessity; need; requirement
    N4
  • 見えるみえるAs it appears here: 見えません
    • ·to be seen; to be visible; to be in sight
    • ·to look; to seem; to appear
    • ·to come
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考え
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 暮らしくらし
    • ·(way of) life; lifestyle; living; life circumstances; livelihood; day-to-day life
    N3
  • 記事きじ
    • ·article; news story; report; account
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • 関心かんしん
    • ·concern; interest
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • とき
    • ·time; hour; moment
    • ·occasion; case
    • ·chance; opportunity; season
    • ·the times; the age; the day
    • ·tense
    N3
  • 注文ちゅうもん
    • ·order (for an item)
    • ·request; demand; condition
    N3
  • 一般いっぱん
    • ·general; universal
    • ·ordinary; average; common; non-celebrity
    • ·the same; no different; (just) as if
    N3
  • 主婦しゅふ
    • ·housewife; mistress (of the house); homemaker
    N3
  • 方々かたがた
    • ·people; (all) persons; everyone; ladies and gentlemen
    • ·you (usu. plural)
    N3
  • 内容ないよう
    • ·contents; content; substance; matter; detail; import
    N3
  • 適切てきせつ
    • ·appropriate; suitable; fitting; apt; proper; right; pertinent; relevant
    N3
  • 感じるかんじるAs it appears here: 感じて
    • ·to feel; to sense; to experience
    • ·to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to be impressed (by); to respond (to)
    • ·to become infected with (an illness); to catch
    N3
  • 現在げんざい
    • ·the present; present time; now
    • ·as of
    • ·present tense
    • ·this world; this life
    • ·to actually exist; to exist right now; to exist right in front of one
    N3
  • 提案ていあん
    • ·proposal; proposition; suggestion
    N3
  • 与えるあたえるAs it appears here: 与えられた
    • ·to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to grant; to confer; to present; to award
    • ·to provide; to afford; to offer; to supply
    • ·to assign
    • ·to cause
    • ·to pass (a variable to a function)
    N3
  • 理解りかい
    • ·understanding; comprehension; appreciation
    • ·sympathy
    N3
  • 行動こうどう
    • ·action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
    N3
  • 求めるもとめるAs it appears here: 求められ
    • ·to want; to wish for
    • ·to request; to demand; to require; to ask for
    • ·to seek; to search for; to look for; to pursue (pleasure); to hunt (a job); to find (a solution)
    • ·to purchase; to buy
    N3
  • 発展はってん
    • ·development; growth; expansion; extension; flourishing
    • ·development (of a situation, story, etc.); advancement; progression; unfolding
    • ·playing around (sexually; esp. of a male homosexual); having an active sex life
    N3
  • 苦手にがて
    • ·poor (at); weak (in); not very good (at)
    • ·not one's cup of tea; not one's favorite
    N3
  • 自身じしん
    • ·(one's) self; oneself; yourself; himself; herself
    N3
  • 事実じじつ
    • ·fact; truth; reality
    N3
  • 通りとおり
    • ·street; road; avenue; thoroughfare
    • ·traffic; coming and going
    • ·flow (of water, air, etc.); passage; running
    • ·transmission (of sound); reach (of voice)
    • ·reputation; favor; favour; popularity
    • ·understanding; comprehension; comprehensibility; clarity
    • ·the same way (as); as (follows, stated, expected, etc.)
    • ·counter for sets of things
    • ·counter for methods, ways, kinds, etc.
    N3
  • 供給きょうきゅう
    • ·supply; provision
    N3
  • 示すしめすAs it appears here: 示された
    • ·to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to tell; to exemplify; to make apparent
    • ·to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.)
    • ·to indicate; to show; to represent; to signify; to display
    N3
  • 部分ぶぶん
    • ·portion; section; part
    N3
  • 与えるあたえるAs it appears here: 与えられる
    • ·to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to grant; to confer; to present; to award
    • ·to provide; to afford; to offer; to supply
    • ·to assign
    • ·to cause
    • ·to pass (a variable to a function)
    N3
  • 情報じょうほう
    • ·information; news; report; intelligence
    • ·information (data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.)
    • ·informatics (as a subject)
    N3
  • くみ
    • ·class (of students)
    • ·group (of people); party; team; crew
    • ·lot; bunch; set
    • ·crime family; organized-crime syndicate
    • ·set (of items); assortment; deck (of cards); pack
    • ·typesetting; composition
    N3
  • 判断はんだん
    • ·judgment; judgement; decision; conclusion; adjudication
    • ·divination
    • ·judgement
    N3
  • ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • 器具きぐ
    • ·utensil; implement; tool; instrument; appliance; apparatus
    N2
  • 工夫くふう
    • ·devising (a way); contriving; inventing; thinking up; figuring out; coming up with; working out
    • ·device; design; idea; plan; invention
    • ·dedication to spiritual improvement (esp. through Zen meditation)
    N2
  • 高度こうど
    • ·altitude; height; elevation
    • ·high-degree; high-grade; advanced; sophisticated; strong
    N2
  • 取り入れるとりいれる
    • ·to take in; to gather in
    • ·to adopt (e.g. an idea); to accept (e.g. advice); to introduce (e.g. technology); to borrow (e.g. a word)
    • ·to harvest; to reap; to gather in
    N2
  • 取り入れるとりいれるAs it appears here: 取り入れない
    • ·to take in; to gather in
    • ·to adopt (e.g. an idea); to accept (e.g. advice); to introduce (e.g. technology); to borrow (e.g. a word)
    • ·to harvest; to reap; to gather in
    N2
  • おはよう
    • ·good morning
    N2
  • おやすみ
    • ·holiday; day off; absence
    • ·sleep; rest
    • ·good night
    N2
Grammar2 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • か否かN1

    Presents two opposite alternatives, asking whether or not something is the case — 'whether or not ~'.

    「科学」ということばを使うか否かが大きな問題なのではありません。

    Whether or not the word “science” is used is not, in itself, the major issue.

  • だの~だのN1

    Reduplicated listing particle citing examples with a tone of complaint or exasperation ("what with X and Y and all that").

    「科学」ということばを使うか否かが大きな問題なのではありません。

    Whether or not the word “science” is used is not, in itself, the major issue.

Other levels41 patterns
  • ことがあるN3

    After a plain verb, 'there are times when...'; after a past-tense verb (〜たことがある), 'have (ever) done, have the experience of'.

    わたしは、暮らしや家族の中にある科学をテーマにして、雑誌に記事を書くことがあります。

    I sometimes write magazine articles on the theme of science found in everyday life and the family.

  • ためにN32 times in this passage

    marks a purpose ('in order to') or a cause ('because of / owing to').

    「一般の主婦の方々にとっつきやすくするために、内容は科学のことであっても「科学」ということばは使わないでください。

    “To make the material approachable to ordinary housewives, please do not use the word ‘science,’ even if the content itself concerns science.

  • というN36 times in this passage

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    「一般の主婦の方々にとっつきやすくするために、内容は科学のことであっても「科学」ということばは使わないでください。

    “To make the material approachable to ordinary housewives, please do not use the word ‘science,’ even if the content itself concerns science.

  • にとってN3

    Marks the person or thing from whose standpoint something is judged or matters; 'for', 'to'.

    これは、わたしにとってはむずかしい注文であることが多いのですが、編集者の言うことは、一般の人に対する情報発信の心構えとして、現時点では適切と言うほかありません。

    This is often a difficult request for me to meet, but as an attitude toward communicating information to the general public, I have to admit that what the editor says is appropriate at present.

  • に対してN33 times in this passage

    Marks the target or object an action is directed at, or sets up a contrast between two things, 'toward / with regard to / in contrast to'.

    これは、わたしにとってはむずかしい注文であることが多いのですが、編集者の言うことは、一般の人に対する情報発信の心構えとして、現時点では適切と言うほかありません。

    This is often a difficult request for me to meet, but as an attitude toward communicating information to the general public, I have to admit that what the editor says is appropriate at present.

  • としてN3

    Marks the role, capacity, or status in which someone or something acts — "as (a doctor / a rule / etc.)".

    これは、わたしにとってはむずかしい注文であることが多いのですが、編集者の言うことは、一般の人に対する情報発信の心構えとして、現時点では適切と言うほかありません。

    This is often a difficult request for me to meet, but as an attitude toward communicating information to the general public, I have to admit that what the editor says is appropriate at present.

  • ということだN3

    Reports hearsay or states a conclusion drawn from what precedes — 'I hear that…' / 'that is to say / it amounts to…'.

    読者である「一般の人たち」も、発信する側である「編集者」も、科学に対して距離を感じているということであり、それは、現在の「科学技術」と②「それを使う人たち」の関係を象徴しています。

    The issue is that both the “ordinary people” who read the material and the “editors” who communicate it feel distant from science, and this symbolizes the present relationship between “science and technology” and ②“the people who use it.”

  • によって/によるN32 times in this passage

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    技術、そして科学技術は、その時代に生きている人々によって求められ発展してきたものであるはずですから、わたしたちはそれらの科学技術を使う主人公です。

    Technology, and science and technology, should be things that have developed because they were sought by the people living in each era; therefore, we are the principal actors who use those technologies.

  • と共に(とともに)N3

    Links two things that happen together or change at the same time — "together with; along with; as ~ does".

    しかし、はたしてわたしたちの科学技術に対する理解は、科学の発展とともに進んでいるでしょうか……?

    But has our understanding of science and technology really advanced along with the development of science…?

  • 例えば(たとえば)N3

    Introduces an illustrative instance, 'for example / for instance'.

    たとえば、あなたの周りで、「科学はむずかしいから」と決めつけて、苦手だと思っている人はいませんか。

    For example, is there anyone around you who simply decides that “science is difficult” and believes they are bad at it?

  • とおりにN3

    States that something is done exactly as described, instructed, or expected — "just as ~; in accordance with ~".

    専門家や技術者が作り出したものを、マニュアルの通りに使うことさえできれば、③そのしくみなどを知る必要はない、という人もいるかもしれません。

    Some people may think that as long as they can use what specialists and engineers have created according to the manual, there is no need to understand ③how those things work.

  • とすれば・としたら・とするとN3

    'If / supposing that…' — sets up a hypothesis and states what would follow from it.

    科学技術を提供する側からは「良い部分」しか聞かれないのだとしたら……。

    If all we hear from those who provide science and technology is its “good side,” then…

  • だけでなくN3

    Correlative adding a further item beyond the one stated — 'not only ... (but also)'.

    それらを使う主人公であるわたしたちは、与えられる情報だけではなく、科学的背景やしくみを少しでも知った上で、生活の中に取り入れるか、取り入れないのかを判断することが必要です。

    We, as the people who actually use them, need to look beyond the information we are given, learn at least something about the scientific background and mechanisms involved, and then decide whether or not to incorporate them into our lives.

  • 上でN3

    Completes one action as the basis for the next, or does something in the course of an activity — 'after ~ing / in the process of'.

    それらを使う主人公であるわたしたちは、与えられる情報だけではなく、科学的背景やしくみを少しでも知った上で、生活の中に取り入れるか、取り入れないのかを判断することが必要です。

    We, as the people who actually use them, need to look beyond the information we are given, learn at least something about the scientific background and mechanisms involved, and then decide whether or not to incorporate them into our lives.

  • などN42 times in this passage

    Lists one or more representative items and implies others of the same kind exist — 'and so on / etc. / such as'.

    料理の科学、生活の中にある器具のしくみなどを取りあげて、科学を専門としない人たちにも関心を持ってもらえるよう記事づくりを工夫します。

    I cover topics such as the science of cooking and how everyday devices work, and I devise ways of writing the articles so that even people who are not specialists in science will become interested.

  • ときN4

    Marks the time at which something happens — "when X, Y."

    そんなとき①編集者の注文はこうです。

    On such occasions, ①the editor’s request is as follows.

  • やすいN43 times in this passage

    Attaches to a verb stem to mean the action is easy to do ('easy to ~').

    「一般の主婦の方々にとっつきやすくするために、内容は科学のことであっても「科学」ということばは使わないでください。

    “To make the material approachable to ordinary housewives, please do not use the word ‘science,’ even if the content itself concerns science.

  • てもN4

    Concessive — 'even if / even though …'; the main clause holds regardless of the te-clause.

    「一般の主婦の方々にとっつきやすくするために、内容は科学のことであっても「科学」ということばは使わないでください。

    “To make the material approachable to ordinary housewives, please do not use the word ‘science,’ even if the content itself concerns science.

  • と聞いた(ときいた)N4

    Quotative plus past 'hear', reporting information one was told — 'I heard that'.

    「科学」と聞いただけて引いてしまう(そのベージを読むことをやめてしまう)人がけっこういますから」。

    Quite a few people pull back as soon as they hear the word ‘science’ (and stop reading that page).”

  • 〜てしまう / 〜ちゃうN43 times in this passage

    Verb te-form plus しまう, marking an action as fully completed or done regrettably/by accident — 'end up ...ing' / 'finish ...ing'; ちゃう/じゃう is the casual contraction.

    「科学」と聞いただけて引いてしまう(そのベージを読むことをやめてしまう)人がけっこういますから」。

    Quite a few people pull back as soon as they hear the word ‘science’ (and stop reading that page).”

  • だけでN4

    'Just by / with only' — a single small condition alone is enough to produce the result.

    作る側、発信する側は、当然その内容を熟知し将来の方向性を提案しますが、それを使う側の人は与えられたものを十分に理解せず「買う」という行動だけで受け入れていると言いかえられます。

    In other words, those who create and communicate the technology naturally understand it thoroughly and propose future directions, while users accept what they are given merely through the act of “buying,” without fully understanding it.

  • 〜てくるN4

    Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

    技術、そして科学技術は、その時代に生きている人々によって求められ発展してきたものであるはずですから、わたしたちはそれらの科学技術を使う主人公です。

    Technology, and science and technology, should be things that have developed because they were sought by the people living in each era; therefore, we are the principal actors who use those technologies.

  • はずだN4

    Expresses the speaker's reasoned confidence that something is or should be the case — 'should, ought to, is supposed to'.

    技術、そして科学技術は、その時代に生きている人々によって求められ発展してきたものであるはずですから、わたしたちはそれらの科学技術を使う主人公です。

    Technology, and science and technology, should be things that have developed because they were sought by the people living in each era; therefore, we are the principal actors who use those technologies.

  • と思う(とおもう)N4

    Quotative plus 'think', stating the speaker's opinion or guess — 'I think that'.

    たとえば、あなたの周りで、「科学はむずかしいから」と決めつけて、苦手だと思っている人はいませんか。

    For example, is there anyone around you who simply decides that “science is difficult” and believes they are bad at it?

  • かもしれないN4

    Expresses possibility or conjecture — 'might', 'maybe', 'perhaps'.

    専門家や技術者が作り出したものを、マニュアルの通りに使うことさえできれば、③そのしくみなどを知る必要はない、という人もいるかもしれません

    Some people may think that as long as they can use what specialists and engineers have created according to the manual, there is no need to understand ③how those things work.

  • ようだN4

    Expresses conjecture or resemblance drawn from evidence, "it seems / looks like".

    しかし、そのような使い方では、供給する側から示された技術の「良い部分」しか見えません。

    However, when technology is used in that way, we can see only the “good side” of it that the supplier chooses to show us.

  • 方(かた)N4

    Attaches to a verb's masu-stem to name the manner or method of doing it, "way of / how to".

    しかし、そのような使い方では、供給する側から示された技術の「良い部分」しか見えません。

    However, when technology is used in that way, we can see only the “good side” of it that the supplier chooses to show us.

  • が必要(がひつよう)N4

    Marks something as necessary or required — 'need X / X is necessary'.

    それらを使う主人公であるわたしたちは、与えられる情報だけではなく、科学的背景やしくみを少しでも知った上で、生活の中に取り入れるか、取り入れないのかを判断することが必要です。

    We, as the people who actually use them, need to look beyond the information we are given, learn at least something about the scientific background and mechanisms involved, and then decide whether or not to incorporate them into our lives.

  • ながらN4

    Attaches to a verb stem to show two actions by the same subject happening at once — 'while (doing) / as'.

    良いこと(ベネフィット)も悪いこと(リスク)も考えながら科学技術とつきあっていく、その第一歩は、「知ること」です。

    The first step toward living with science and technology while considering both the good (benefits) and the bad (risks) is to “know.”

  • 〜ていくN4

    Marks an action that continues/progresses onward from the present, or is done before moving away — 'to go on doing', 'to do and go'.

    良いこと(ベネフィット)も悪いこと(リスク)も考えながら科学技術とつきあっていく、その第一歩は、「知ること」です。

    The first step toward living with science and technology while considering both the good (benefits) and the bad (risks) is to “know.”

  • にするN5

    To decide on or turn something into a given state or choice, 'to make it ~ / to go with ~.'

    わたしは、暮らしや家族の中にある科学をテーマにして、雑誌に記事を書くことがあります。

    I sometimes write magazine articles on the theme of science found in everyday life and the family.

  • だ / ですN56 times in this passage

    The copula linking a noun or na-adjective to the subject — plain だ / polite です, 'is/am/are'.

    そんなとき①編集者の注文はこうです

    On such occasions, ①the editor’s request is as follows.

  • 〜ないでくださいN5

    A polite request asking someone NOT to do something — “please don't”.

    「一般の主婦の方々にとっつきやすくするために、内容は科学のことであっても「科学」ということばは使わないでください

    “To make the material approachable to ordinary housewives, please do not use the word ‘science,’ even if the content itself concerns science.

  • だけN5

    Limiting particle marking 'only / just' — restricts to the stated amount, degree, or item.

    「科学」と聞いただけて引いてしまう(そのベージを読むことをやめてしまう)人がけっこういますから」。

    Quite a few people pull back as soon as they hear the word ‘science’ (and stop reading that page).”

  • じゃない・ではないN5

    Negates a noun or na-adjective with the copula, "is not / am not".

    「科学」ということばを使うか否かが大きな問題なのではありません

    Whether or not the word “science” is used is not, in itself, the major issue.

  • 〜ているN56 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    読者である「一般の人たち」も、発信する側である「編集者」も、科学に対して距離を感じているということであり、それは、現在の「科学技術」と②「それを使う人たち」の関係を象徴しています。

    The issue is that both the “ordinary people” who read the material and the “editors” who communicate it feel distant from science, and this symbolizes the present relationship between “science and technology” and ②“the people who use it.”

  • そしてN5

    Additive/sequential conjunction joining clauses, 'and / and then'.

    技術、そして科学技術は、その時代に生きている人々によって求められ発展してきたものであるはずですから、わたしたちはそれらの科学技術を使う主人公です。

    Technology, and science and technology, should be things that have developed because they were sought by the people living in each era; therefore, we are the principal actors who use those technologies.

  • しかしN52 times in this passage

    Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

    しかし、はたしてわたしたちの科学技術に対する理解は、科学の発展とともに進んでいるでしょうか……?

    But has our understanding of science and technology really advanced along with the development of science…?

  • だろうN52 times in this passage

    Presumptive expressing conjecture — 'probably', 'I think', or seeking agreement 'right?'; plain だろう / polite でしょう.

    しかし、はたしてわたしたちの科学技術に対する理解は、科学の発展とともに進んでいるでしょうか……?

    But has our understanding of science and technology really advanced along with the development of science…?

  • ませんかN5

    A polite invitation or suggestion, "won't you...?" / "would you like to...?"

    たとえば、あなたの周りで、「科学はむずかしいから」と決めつけて、苦手だと思っている人はいませんか

    For example, is there anyone around you who simply decides that “science is difficult” and believes they are bad at it?

  • までN5

    Particle marking the spatial, temporal, or extent limit of an action — "until / up to / as far as."

    (佐倉純/古田ゆかり/リビング・サイエンス・ラボ「おはようからおやすみまでの科学」による)

    (From Sakura Jun / Furuta Yukari / Living Science Lab, “Science from Good Morning to Good Night”)

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