大学生の就職活動は4年生になってから本格的に始まる。4年生は就職活動で慌しい。大学教育は4年間あるはずだが、※その最後の1年は惨憺たるものだ。特に4年生を中心としたゼミなどの授業では、4月、5月と開店休業に近い状態が続く。学生や大学はよい迷惑だが、困っているのは企業も同じだろう。この時期に就職を決めても、卒業までの1年の間考えが変わってしまう学生が多いからだ。また、就職活動に熱中するあまり大学に来なくなり、せっかく決まった就職を留年でふいにしてしまう者もいる。これは典型的な「囚人のジレンマ」よ呼ばれる現象である。
どの企業も、採用人事の選考はもっと遅い時期の方が良いと考えている。しかし周囲の企業が早々と内定を出す中で、優秀な人材を確保するためには、自社の人事選考を早くせざるを得ない。実は、周囲の企業もまったく同じことを考えて、人事選考を早めているのである。環境対策や軍縮が遅々として進まないのも、本質は同じことである。個別企業の自由な判断にまかせるだけで、この滑稽な状態から抜け出すことは容易でない。ライバル企業が人事を早めている中で、自社だけが出遅れることはできないからである。
したがって、この問題の解決には、政府や業界団体、あるいは大学団体が音頭をとって、すべての企業が同時に内定時期を遅らせるよう協定を結ぶことが望まれる。いま規制緩和が大流行であるが、個々の主体の自由に任せるだけではうまく行かないことも依然として多い。
AI translation, cross-checked between two models.
University students begin job hunting in earnest once they reach their fourth year. Fourth-year students are extremely busy with job hunting. A university education is supposed to last four years, yet ※the final year is in a deplorable state. Particularly in classes such as seminars centered on fourth-year students, April and May remain in a state close to being “open for business but effectively closed.” Students and universities are certainly inconvenienced, but companies are probably just as troubled. This is because even if students secure employment at this stage, many change their minds during the year before graduation. Some become so absorbed in job hunting that they stop attending university and, by having to repeat a year, lose the job they worked so hard to secure. This is a typical phenomenon known as the “prisoner's dilemma.”
Every company believes that recruitment selection would be better conducted at a later time. However, when surrounding companies issue job offers early, a company has no choice but to move its own selection process forward in order to secure talented people. In fact, the surrounding companies are thinking exactly the same thing and are moving their recruitment processes forward for the same reason. The essential reason environmental measures and disarmament make such slow progress is the same. It is not easy to escape this absurd situation merely by leaving each individual company free to decide for itself. This is because when rival companies are accelerating recruitment, one's own company cannot afford to fall behind.
Therefore, to solve this problem, it would be desirable for the government, industry organizations, or university associations to take the lead in reaching an agreement under which all companies postpone the timing of job offers simultaneously. Deregulation may be all the rage today, but there are still many situations in which things do not work well if they are simply left to the freedom of each individual actor.
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