• 動物どうぶつ
  • ·animal
  N5
• する
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• なる
  • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
  • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
  • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
  • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
  • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
  • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
  • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
  • ·to play (the part of); to act as
  • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
  • ·to be promoted
  • ·to do ...
  N5
• ある
  • ·to be; to exist; to live
  • ·to have
  • ·to be located
  • ·to be equipped with
  • ·to happen; to come about
  • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
  N5
• なるAs it appears here: ならない
  • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
  • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
  • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
  • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
  • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
  • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
  • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
  • ·to play (the part of); to act as
  • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
  • ·to be promoted
  • ·to do ...
  N5
• よく
  • ·nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully
  • ·frequently; often
  • ·I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
  • ·(you have) quite the nerve to; I don't know how you can ...
  N5
• するAs it appears here: し
  • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
  • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
  • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
  • ·to decide on; to choose
  • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
  • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  • ·to be worth; to cost
  • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
  • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
  • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
  • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
  • ·to feel A about B
  • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
  • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
  N5
• その
  • ·that; the
  • ·part (as in "part two")
  • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
  N5
• 知るしるAs it appears here: 知らなければ
  • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
  • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
  • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
  • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
  • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
  • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
  • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
  N5
• 大事だいじ
  • ·important; serious; crucial
  • ·valuable; precious
  • ·serious matter; major incident; matter of grave concern; crisis
  • ·great undertaking; great enterprise; great thing
  • ·safe; OK
  N4
• ため
  • ·good; advantage; benefit; welfare
  • ·sake; purpose; objective; aim
  • ·consequence; result; effect
  • ·affecting; regarding; concerning
  N4
• 歴史れきし
  • ·history
  N4
• 環境かんきょう
  • ·environment; surroundings; circumstances
  N3
• 改善かいぜん
  • ·betterment; improvement
  • ·kaizen (Japanese business philosophy of continuous improvement)
  N3
• こと
  • ·thing; matter
  • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
  • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
  • ·work; business; affair
  • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
  • ·nominalizing suffix
  • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
  • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
  • ·necessity; need
  • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
  N3
• 観察かんさつ
  • ·observation; survey; watching
  N3
• 行動こうどう
  • ·action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
  N3
• あわせるAs it appears here: あわせた
  • ·to match (rhythm, speed, etc.)
  • ·to join together; to unite; to combine; to add up
  • ·to face; to be opposite (someone)
  • ·to compare; to check with
  • ·to cause to meet (e.g. an unpleasant fate)
  • ·to place together; to connect; to overlap
  • ·to mix; to combine
  • ·to put blade to blade; to fight
  N3
• 世話せわ
  • ·care; looking after; help; assistance; aid
  • ·trouble; bother
  • ·good offices; recommendation; introduction
  • ·everyday life; everyday affairs; everyday language
  • ·sewamono (Edo-period drama about contemporary life)
  N3
• 種たね
  • ·seed (e.g. of a plant); pip; kernel; stone (e.g. of a peach)
  • ·progeny; offspring; issue; breed
  • ·paternal blood; lineage
  • ·sperm; semen; seed
  • ·cause; source; seed; origin
  • ·material (e.g. for an article); matter (e.g. of a story); subject (of discussion); theme; (news) copy; source (of a story)
  • ·ingredient; main ingredient (of a piece of sushi); leaven
  • ·mechanism (of a magic trick, etc.); secret; trickery
  • ·10-point card; tane; animal card
  N3
• 特徴とくちょう
  • ·feature; trait; characteristic; peculiarity; distinction
  N3
• 性格せいかく
  • ·character (of a person); personality; disposition; nature
  • ·characteristics; nature (of a thing, event, etc.)
  N3
• 物語ものがたり
  • ·story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
  N3
• 個体こたい
  • ·individual; specimen
  N2

Example sentences are translated by AI.

• にとってN3

  Marks the person or thing from whose standpoint something is judged or matters; 'for', 'to'.

  動物たちにとって飼育係は大事な環境要因である。

  For animals, their keepers are an important environmental factor.

• としてN33 times in this passage

  Marks the role, capacity, or status in which someone or something acts — "as (a doctor / a rule / etc.)".

  展示場としての環境の改善だけでは、動物たちの飼育環境の真の改善にはならない。

  Improving only the exhibit environment does not constitute a genuine improvement in the animals’ living environment.

• ことがあるN3

  After a plain verb, 'there are times when...'; after a past-tense verb (〜たことがある), 'have (ever) done, have the experience of'.

  日々動物と接触する飼育係は、時として動物たちのストレス源になることがある。

  Keepers who interact with the animals every day can sometimes become a source of stress for them.

• ためにN3

  marks a purpose ('in order to') or a cause ('because of / owing to').

  飼育係がストレス源にならないためには動物をよく観察し、行動にあわせた世話をし、その動物の種としての特徴、個体としての性格を知らなければならない。

  To avoid becoming a source of stress, keepers must observe the animals carefully, care for them in accordance with their behavior, and understand both the characteristics of the species and the personality of each individual animal.

• によって/によるN3

  Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

  （小宮輝之『物語上野動物園の歴史』による）

  (Based on Komiya Teruyuki, “A Narrative History of Ueno Zoo”)

• だけでN4

  'Just by / with only' — a single small condition alone is enough to produce the result.

  展示場としての環境の改善だけでは、動物たちの飼育環境の真の改善にはならない。

  Improving only the exhibit environment does not constitute a genuine improvement in the animals’ living environment.

• なければならないN4

  Expresses a general, unavoidable obligation or necessity — 'must / have to'.

  飼育係がストレス源にならないためには動物をよく観察し、行動にあわせた世話をし、その動物の種としての特徴、個体としての性格を知らなければならない。

  To avoid becoming a source of stress, keepers must observe the animals carefully, care for them in accordance with their behavior, and understand both the characteristics of the species and the personality of each individual animal.