All passages
N1 · AdvancedMedium passagePassage #342
2

ゆうは、いいもの゙す

ひとりでのは、すばらしいもの゙す

でも、①とてもおそおとあなポッカリくちあげています

それは、ぎょうわるらく(注1)です

ゆうらくを、一緒いっしょしてちがいるかたいるのではないかとおもくらいこれうらおもてありかみひと(注2)ところあるのです

ひとまきしむ(注3)

このことばつたのは、そのころでした。こととしては、まえからいたですが、ぶんころかけたいしだっのではじめてことばように、②こころでしょうか。

だれいなくても、ひといても、まきしむべきものまきしまなくていけないのです

あああんなことしまったしてしまった

だれいなかっただれしなかったけれどなんことしたのか。やみなかひとりがおあからめるもちしつくしたらどんなにいいドレスきょうようあっても、にんげんとしてしっかくでしょう。

ひとまきしむ」、これは、ひとさま(注4)たいいっているのではありません

どくりつしてじゅうななねんなりながらいまだになかなか実行じっこういるぶんむかけんしていることばなのです

むかいくにむかいくにぜんしゅうしんぱんだい11かんぶんごうはるきょうによる

ちゅう1)らくやるべきことなまようなること

ちゅう2)かみひとかみいちまいあつほどの、わずか

ちゅう3)まきしむあやまないように、こうどうひかする

ちゅう4)ひとさま:「にん」のていねいかた

Questions

0/3 answered
  1. 1とでも恐ろしい、目に見えない落し穴とは何か。最も適当なものを選びなさい。
  2. 2心に沁みたとあるが、それはなぜか。
  3. 3この文章で筆者が最も言いたいことはどれか。

Study this passage

Vocabulary7 words
  • 間違うまちがうAs it appears here: 間違って
    • ·to be mistaken; to be incorrect; to be wrong
    • ·to make a mistake (in); to do incorrectly; to get wrong
    • ·to mistake (one thing with another); to confuse
    N1
  • 何となんと
    • ·what; how
    • ·what (a) ...!; how ...!
    • ·surprisingly; to my amazement; believe it or not; why, ...!
    • ·oh my; wow
    • ·well, ...; so, ...
    N1
  • やみ
    • ·darkness; the dark
    • ·bewilderment; despair; hopelessness
    • ·hidden place; secrecy; oblivion
    • ·black market; shady trading; underhand transactions; illegal channels
    N1
  • 失格しっかく
    • ·disqualification; elimination; incapacity
    • ·being unfit for one's role; being a failure
    N1
  • だい
    • ·prefix for forming ordinal numbers
    N1
  • やる
    • ·to do; to undertake; to perform; to play (a game); to study
    • ·to send; to dispatch; to despatch
    • ·to put; to move; to turn (one's head, glance, etc.)
    • ·to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status); to let have; to present; to bestow; to confer
    • ·to make (a vehicle) go faster
    • ·to run (a business); to keep; to be engaged in; to practice (law, medicine, etc.); to practise
    • ·to have (food, drink, etc.); to eat; to drink; to smoke
    • ·to hold (a performance); to perform; to show
    • ·to ease (one's mind)
    • ·to harm; to injure; to kill
    • ·to have sex; to fuck; to bang
    • ·to live; to get by; to get along
    • ·to do ... completely
    • ·to do ... broadly; to do ... to a great distance
    • ·to do ... for (someone of equal or lower status); to do ... to
    • ·to make active efforts to ...
    • ·to suffer from (an illness); to experience (a medical condition); to be afflicted with
    N1
  • 過ちあやまち
    • ·fault; error; indiscretion; faux pas
    N1
Other levels65 words
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • ひとり
    • ·one person
    • ·being alone; being by oneself
    • ·being single; being unmarried
    • ·by oneself; alone
    • ·just; only; simply
    N5
  • とても
    • ·very; awfully; exceedingly
    • ·(not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
    N5
    • ·eye; eyeball
    • ·eyesight; sight; vision
    • ·look; stare; gaze; glance
    • ·notice; attention; observation; eyes (of the world, public, etc.)
    • ·an experience
    • ·viewpoint
    • ·discrimination; discernment; judgement; eye (e.g. for quality)
    • ·(an) appearance
    • ·chance (of success); possibility (of a good result)
    • ·spacing (between crossed strands of a net, mesh, etc.); opening; stitch; texture; weave
    • ·grain (of wood, paper)
    • ·eye (of a storm, needle, etc.)
    • ·intersection (on a go board); square (on a chessboard)
    • ·dot (on a dice); pip; rolled number
    • ·graduation; division (of a scale)
    • ·tooth (of a saw, comb, etc.)
    • ·ordinal number suffix
    • ·somewhat; -ish
    • ·point (e.g. of change)
    • ·eye (empty space inside a group of stones)
    N5
  • くち
    • ·mouth
    • ·opening; hole; gap; orifice
    • ·mouth (of a bottle); spout; nozzle; mouthpiece
    • ·gate; door; entrance; exit
    • ·speaking; speech; talk (i.e. gossip)
    • ·taste; palate
    • ·mouth (to feed)
    • ·opening (i.e. vacancy); available position
    • ·invitation; summons
    • ·kind; sort; type
    • ·opening (i.e. beginning)
    • ·counter for mouthfuls, shares (of money) and stove burners
    • ·counter for swords, blades, etc.
    N5
  • あげるAs it appears here: あげて
    • ·to raise; to elevate
    • ·to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf)
    • ·to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage)
    • ·to show someone (into a room); to let in (e.g. a guest)
    • ·to give
    • ·to enrol (one's child in school); to enroll; to send (one's child; e.g. to college)
    • ·to develop (talent, skill, etc.); to improve
    • ·to earn (something desirable); to achieve (e.g. a good result); to obtain
    • ·to promote (someone)
    • ·to complete; to finish
    • ·to make (a loud sound); to raise (one's voice)
    • ·to raise (one's gaze); to lift up (one's face); to look up
    • ·to do up (one's hair)
    • ·to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.)
    • ·to praise; to commend; to flatter
    • ·to make do (with less expenses than expected); to cover expenses (with a given amount); to set costs
    • ·to finish (one's studies); to complete (a lesson); to pass (e.g. a class)
    • ·to upload (e.g. an image); to publish (on the internet); to post
    • ·to raise someone's spirits; to cheer someone up; to enhance a mood
    • ·(of the tide) to come in; to rise
    • ·to increase (of market price); to rise (of stock prices)
    • ·to vomit; to throw up
    • ·to do for (the sake of someone else)
    • ·to complete ...
    • ·to humbly do ...
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • かた
    • ·direction; way
    • ·person; lady; gentleman
    • ·method of; manner of; way of
    • ·care of ...
    • ·person in charge of ...
    • ·side (e.g. "on my mother's side")
    N5
  • いる
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • ところ
    • ·place; spot; scene; site
    • ·address
    • ·district; area; locality
    • ·one's house
    • ·point; aspect; side; facet
    • ·passage (in text); part
    • ·space; room
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·whereupon; as a result
    • ·about to; on the verge of
    • ·was just doing; was in the process of doing; have just done; just finished doing
    • ·approximately; around; about
    N5
  • ある
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • この
    • ·this
    • ·last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this
    • ·you (as in "you liar")
    N5
  • ことば
    • ·language; dialect
    • ·word; phrase; expression; term
    • ·speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language
    • ·words; remark; statement; comment
    • ·learning to speak; language acquisition
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • 言葉ことば
    • ·language; dialect
    • ·word; phrase; expression; term
    • ·speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language
    • ·words; remark; statement; comment
    • ·learning to speak; language acquisition
    N5
  • まえ
    • ·in front (of); before (e.g. a building)
    • ·before; earlier; previously; prior; ago; (minutes) to (the hour)
    • ·(the) front; frontal part; fore; head (e.g. of a line)
    • ·forward; ahead
    • ·(in the) presence (of); in front (of someone)
    • ·previous (e.g. page); prior (e.g. engagement); first (e.g. half); former (e.g. example)
    • ·portion; helping
    • ·front (of one's body or clothing); breast (of a coat, kimono, etc.)
    • ·privates; private parts
    • ·criminal record; previous conviction; (a) prior
    N5
  • 知るしるAs it appears here: 知って
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • 自分じぶん
    • ·myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself
    • ·I; me
    • ·you
    N5
  • はじめて
    • ·for the first time
    • ·only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; not until ... do you ...
    • ·first time; (one's) first
    N5
  • 知るしるAs it appears here: 知った
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • 見るみるAs it appears here: 見て
    • ·to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe
    • ·to examine; to look over; to assess; to check; to judge
    • ·to look after; to attend to; to take care of; to keep an eye on
    • ·to experience; to meet with (misfortune, success, etc.)
    • ·to try ...; to have a go at ...; to give ... a try
    • ·to see (that) ...; to find (that) ...
    N5
  • いるAs it appears here: いて
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • 言ういうAs it appears here: 言って
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: しなかった
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: した
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • なか
    • ·inside; interior
    • ·among; within
    • ·middle; center; centre
    • ·during; while; middle; midst; amid
    • ·interval; gap
    • ·mean; average
    • ·second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes); middle
    • ·medium grade; medium quality
    • ·red-light district
    N5
  • 着るきるAs it appears here: 着て
    • ·to wear (from the shoulders down); to put on
    • ·to take (the blame, responsibility); to bear
    N5
  • あるAs it appears here: あって
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なり
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • 出来るできるAs it appears here: 出来ないで
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • はる
    • ·spring; springtime
    • ·New Year
    • ·prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); heyday
    • ·adolescence; puberty
    • ·sexuality; sexual desire
    N5
  • なる
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 自由じゆう
    • ·freedom; liberty
    N4
  • 見えるみえるAs it appears here: 見えない
    • ·to be seen; to be visible; to be in sight
    • ·to look; to seem; to appear
    • ·to come
    N4
  • 思うおもうAs it appears here: 思われる
    • ·to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon
    • ·to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
    • ·to judge; to assess; to regard
    • ·to imagine; to suppose; to dream
    • ·to expect; to look forward to
    • ·to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want
    • ·to care (deeply) for; to yearn for; to worry about; to love
    • ·to recall; to remember
    N4
  • いし
    • ·stone; rock; pebble
    • ·jewel; precious stone
    • ·flint (in a lighter)
    • ·(round) game piece; stone (in go, etc.); disc (in Othello)
    • ·stone (in the bladder, kidney etc.); calculus
    N4
  • こころ
    • ·mind; heart; spirit
    • ·the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
    N4
  • 恥ずかしいはずかしい
    • ·embarrassing; embarrassed; ashamed; humiliated; shy
    • ·disgraceful; shameful
    N4
  • 意見いけん
    • ·opinion; view; comment
    • ·scolding; reprimand; rebuke; admonition; cautioning; warning
    N4
  • 丁寧ていねい
    • ·polite; courteous; civil
    • ·careful; close; thorough; conscientious
    N4
  • 暮らすくらす
    • ·to live (on, by, etc.); to lead a life; to get along; to get by
    • ·to make a living; to earn a livelihood
    • ·to spend one's time (doing); to pass one's days (doing); to live; to get on (doing)
    • ·to do daily; to do all day long; to continue doing
    N3
  • すばらしい
    • ·wonderful; splendid; magnificent; amazing; superb
    • ·exceeding; incredible; remarkable; striking; immense
    N3
  • 恐ろしいおそろしい
    • ·terrible; dreadful; terrifying; frightening
    • ·surprising; startling; tremendous; amazing
    N3
  • 行儀ぎょうぎ
    • ·manners; behavior; behaviour
    N3
  • 独りひとり
    • ·one person
    • ·being alone; being by oneself
    • ·being single; being unmarried
    • ·by oneself; alone
    • ·just; only; simply
    N3
  • ころ
    • ·(approximate) time; around; about; toward
    • ·suitable time (or condition)
    • ·time of year; season
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • 人間にんげん
    • ·human being; human; person; man; mankind; humankind
    • ·character (of a person)
    N3
  • 独立どくりつ
    • ·independence; self-reliance; supporting oneself; being on one's own
    • ·independence (e.g. of a nation); freedom
    • ·separation; isolation
    N3
  • なかなか
    • ·very; considerably; easily; readily; fairly; quite; highly; rather
    • ·by no means; not readily
    • ·middle; half-way point
    • ·excellent; wonderful; very good
    N3
  • 実行じっこう
    • ·execution (e.g. of a plan); carrying out; (putting into) practice; action; implementation; fulfillment; realization
    • ·execution (of a program); run
    N3
  • ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • 怠けるなまける
    • ·to be lazy; to be idle; to slack
    • ·to neglect (e.g. one's work); to be neglectful of; to skip (e.g. school)
    N3
  • わずか
    • ·a little; a few; small; slight; trifling; meagre; meager; narrow (margin)
    • ·only; just; merely; no more than
    N3
    • ·difference; variation
    • ·difference
    N3
  • 行動こうどう
    • ·action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
    N3
  • 他人たにん
    • ·another person; other people; others
    • ·unrelated person (i.e. not related by blood)
    • ·outsider; stranger
    N3
  • 転がるころがるAs it appears here: 転がり
    • ·to roll; to tumble
    • ·to fall over; to roll over
    • ·to lie down
    • ·to be scattered about; to be lying around
    • ·(of a situation or outcome) to change; to turn out
    • ·to come easily; to be common; to fall into one's hands; to grow on trees
    N2
  • 教養きょうよう
    • ·(understanding or appreciation of) culture; (one's) education; cultivation; sophistication; refinement
    N2
  • 向うむこうAs it appears here: 向って
    • ·to face
    • ·to go towards; to head towards
    N2
  • 全集ぜんしゅう
    • ·complete works; complete collection; complete series
    N2
Grammar1 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • だの~だのN1

    Reduplicated listing particle citing examples with a tone of complaint or exasperation ("what with X and Y and all that").

    独立して十七年になりながら、いまだになかなか実行出来ないでいる自分に向って、意見していることばなのです。

    It is a word of admonition to myself — someone who, seventeen years after going independent, still finds it hard to practise.

Other levels30 patterns
  • ではないかN2

    Rhetorically seeks agreement or expresses a realization — 'isn't it? / right? / surely.'

    自由と自堕落を、一緒にして、間違っているかたもいるのではないかと思われるくらい、これは裏表であり、紙一重のところもあるのです。

    The two are the front and back of one thing, separated by no more than a sheet of paper — so much so that I suspect some people confuse freedom with self-indulgence.

  • としてN32 times in this passage

    Marks the role, capacity, or status in which someone or something acts — "as (a doctor / a rule / etc.)".

    言葉としては、前から知っていたのですが、自分が転がりかけた石だったので、はじめて知ったことばのように、②心に沁みたのでしょうか。

    I had known the phrase before, but since I myself was a stone on the verge of rolling downhill, perhaps that is why it ②sank into me as though I were hearing it for the first time.

  • のでしょうかN3

    Softens a question to ask for the reason or explanation behind something — 'I wonder why...', 'could it be that...'.

    言葉としては、前から知っていたのですが、自分が転がりかけた石だったので、はじめて知ったことばのように、②心に沁みたのでしょうか

    I had known the phrase before, but since I myself was a stone on the verge of rolling downhill, perhaps that is why it ②sank into me as though I were hearing it for the first time.

  • どんなに~てもN3

    Concessive "no matter how (much) ..., still ..." — the result holds regardless of degree.

    闇の中でひとり顔をあからめる気持を失くしたら、どんなにいいドレスを着て教養があっても、人間としては失格でしょう。

    If you lose the capacity to blush alone in the dark, then however fine your dress and however cultivated you are, you fail as a human being.

  • に対してN3

    Marks the target or object an action is directed at, or sets up a contrast between two things, 'toward / with regard to / in contrast to'.

    「独りを慎しむ」、これは、人様に対していっているのではありません。

    "Be circumspect when alone" — I am not saying this to other people.

  • なかなかN3

    An adverb meaning "quite / considerably", or with a following negative verb "not easily / just won't".

    独立して十七年になりながら、いまだになかなか実行出来ないでいる自分に向って、意見していることばなのです。

    It is a word of admonition to myself — someone who, seventeen years after going independent, still finds it hard to practise.

  • によって/によるN3

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    (向田邦子『向田邦子全集新版第11巻』文豪春供による

    (From Mukouda Kuniko, "Mukouda Kuniko Zenshuu Shinpan Dai 11-kan", Bungei Shunjuu)

  • に見える(にみえる)N4

    Expresses how something appears or seems to an observer, 'to look ~ / to seem ~.'

    でも、①とても恐ろしい、目に見えない落し穴がポッカリと口をあげています。

    But ①a terrifying, invisible pitfall lies there with its mouth gaping open.

  • と思う(とおもう)N4

    Quotative plus 'think', stating the speaker's opinion or guess — 'I think that'.

    自由と自堕落を、一緒にして、間違っているかたもいるのではないかと思われるくらい、これは裏表であり、紙一重のところもあるのです。

    The two are the front and back of one thing, separated by no more than a sheet of paper — so much so that I suspect some people confuse freedom with self-indulgence.

  • 頃(ころ / ごろ)N4

    Suffix/noun marking an approximate point in time; 'around (the time of), about when, back when'.

    このことばを知つたのは、そのでした。

    It was around then that I came to know these words.

  • 〜ていたN4

    The past progressive/continuous — an action that was ongoing or a state that held in the past — 'was (do)ing'.

    言葉としては、前から知っていたのですが、自分が転がりかけた石だったので、はじめて知ったことばのように、②心に沁みたのでしょうか。

    I had known the phrase before, but since I myself was a stone on the verge of rolling downhill, perhaps that is why it ②sank into me as though I were hearing it for the first time.

  • ように / ようなN4

    Likens or exemplifies one thing by another, "like / as / similar to (a)".

    言葉としては、前から知っていたのですが、自分が転がりかけた石だったので、はじめて知ったことばのように、②心に沁みたのでしょうか。

    I had known the phrase before, but since I myself was a stone on the verge of rolling downhill, perhaps that is why it ②sank into me as though I were hearing it for the first time.

  • てもN43 times in this passage

    Concessive — 'even if / even though …'; the main clause holds regardless of the te-clause.

    誰が見ていなくても、独りでいても、慎しむべきものは慎しまなくてはいけないのです。

    Even when no one is watching, even when you are alone, what ought to be restrained must be restrained.

  • 〜てしまう / 〜ちゃうN42 times in this passage

    Verb te-form plus しまう, marking an action as fully completed or done regrettably/by accident — 'end up ...ing' / 'finish ...ing'; ちゃう/じゃう is the casual contraction.

    ああ、あんなことを言ってしまった、してしまった。

    Ah, I went and said that; I went and did that.

  • に気がつく(にきがつく)N4

    To notice or become aware of something, the noticed thing marked by に, 'to notice / realize ~.'

    誰も見ていなかった、誰もが気がつきはしなかったけれど、何と恥ずかしいことをしたのか。

    No one saw, no one noticed — but what a shameful thing I did.

  • 〜の中でN4

    Marks a set or group as the domain of a comparison — "among ~ / of all ~", typically paired with a superlative.

    の中でひとり顔をあからめる気持を失くしたら、どんなにいいドレスを着て教養があっても、人間としては失格でしょう。

    If you lose the capacity to blush alone in the dark, then however fine your dress and however cultivated you are, you fail as a human being.

  • たらN4

    Conditional/temporal ending on the plain-past stem meaning that once or if the first action happens, the second follows ('if / once / when ... then').

    闇の中でひとり顔をあからめる気持を失くしたら、どんなにいいドレスを着て教養があっても、人間としては失格でしょう。

    If you lose the capacity to blush alone in the dark, then however fine your dress and however cultivated you are, you fail as a human being.

  • ながらN4

    Attaches to a verb stem to show two actions by the same subject happening at once — 'while (doing) / as'.

    独立して十七年になりながら、いまだになかなか実行出来ないでいる自分に向って、意見していることばなのです。

    It is a word of admonition to myself — someone who, seventeen years after going independent, still finds it hard to practise.

  • ないでN4

    Negative te-form that links a clause — "without doing ~", or a soft "don't ~".

    独立して十七年になりながら、いまだになかなか実行出来ないでいる自分に向って、意見していることばなのです。

    It is a word of admonition to myself — someone who, seventeen years after going independent, still finds it hard to practise.

  • ようになるN4

    Expresses a gradual change reaching a new state or acquired ability, "come to / become able to".

    (注1)自堕落:やるべきことを怠けるようになること

    (Note 1) jidaraku: becoming lazy about what one ought to do

  • とてもN5

    Degree adverb intensifying an adjective or adverb — "very / extremely."

    でも、①とても恐ろしい、目に見えない落し穴がポッカリと口をあげています。

    But ①a terrifying, invisible pitfall lies there with its mouth gaping open.

  • 〜ているN56 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    でも、①とても恐ろしい、目に見えない落し穴がポッカリと口をあげています。

    But ①a terrifying, invisible pitfall lies there with its mouth gaping open.

  • だ / ですN53 times in this passage

    The copula linking a noun or na-adjective to the subject — plain だ / polite です, 'is/am/are'.

    それは、行儀の悪さと自堕落です

    It is bad manners and self-indulgence.

  • 一緒に(いっしょに)N5

    Indicates doing something jointly with someone or something else — "together (with)".

    自由と自堕落を、一緒にして、間違っているかたもいるのではないかと思われるくらい、これは裏表であり、紙一重のところもあるのです。

    The two are the front and back of one thing, separated by no more than a sheet of paper — so much so that I suspect some people confuse freedom with self-indulgence.

  • のでN5

    Gives a reason or cause with a soft, objective/polite nuance — 'because / since'.

    言葉としては、前から知っていたのですが、自分が転がりかけた石だったので、はじめて知ったことばのように、②心に沁みたのでしょうか。

    I had known the phrase before, but since I myself was a stone on the verge of rolling downhill, perhaps that is why it ②sank into me as though I were hearing it for the first time.

  • なくてはいけないN5

    Expresses obligation — that one is required to do something — 'must' / 'have to'.

    誰が見ていなくても、独りでいても、慎しむべきものは慎しまなくてはいけないのです。

    Even when no one is watching, even when you are alone, what ought to be restrained must be restrained.

  • けれどもN5

    More formal contrastive conjunction linking two clauses — "but / however / although."

    誰も見ていなかった、誰もが気がつきはしなかったけれど、何と恥ずかしいことをしたのか。

    No one saw, no one noticed — but what a shameful thing I did.

  • がありますN5

    States the existence or possession of an inanimate thing, "there is / to have".

    闇の中でひとり顔をあからめる気持を失くしたら、どんなにいいドレスを着て教養があっても、人間としては失格でしょう。

    If you lose the capacity to blush alone in the dark, then however fine your dress and however cultivated you are, you fail as a human being.

  • だろうN5

    Presumptive expressing conjecture — 'probably', 'I think', or seeking agreement 'right?'; plain だろう / polite でしょう.

    闇の中でひとり顔をあからめる気持を失くしたら、どんなにいいドレスを着て教養があっても、人間としては失格でしょう

    If you lose the capacity to blush alone in the dark, then however fine your dress and however cultivated you are, you fail as a human being.

  • にするN5

    To decide on or turn something into a given state or choice, 'to make it ~ / to go with ~.'

    (注3)慎しむ:過ちがないように、行動を控えめにする

    (Note 3) tsutsushimu: to hold one's conduct in check so as not to err

Share:

Comments