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N1 · AdvancedMedium passagePassage #34
2

ちかわかものは・・・もんだいだ。」とのまわは、だいむかしから使つかいたとのせつあるその出典しゅってんあきではないが、かんじんなのはこうしたもんおおむかしからほんとうそんざいしていたのかではなくてこのもんひそほんしつあろう。つまりにんげんは、こんとう西ざいず、わかものシニアとのだいかんギャップかかいるそしてそのかくまけそくめんでもあるおもせんじつおなでんしゃいただいがくせいふうわかものとまったでんしゃあしすわそのみみつけたヘッドホンからこうおんりょうおんがくまわいるこうしゃかさにぎうでを、どもたかとどばかりまでながらじょうあるどこまで一緒いっしょかとおもおなだいがくこうないはいまつで、しまいにいたタバコめんきょうしつとうはいいく。「よしこれやはりちゅうせねば」といさうしからかれこえかけようちかながらも、結局けっきょくやめてしまった

ちゅうしてぎゃくされるのがこわのではないぼうとう一説いっせつのうきゅうあやまのであるあげくに「いまぶんこういさだけかくあるだろうか」などと、いらしんぱいまでしたのにはわけわかものだい大人おとなうつかがみあるのは、いまむかしたいだろう。いい大人おとなけんかれおなふるしているこうけいは、今日きょうめずらないむかしだったら立派りっぱ大人おとなわかものたちえんりょ説教せっきょういたのではなかろうか。そので、ぶんいいはんせいかいもらったみょうとくしんしてしまったからある

Questions

0/3 answered
  1. 1文句に潜む本質の意味としてもっとも正しいのは?
  2. 2結局やめた理由として正しいものは?
  3. 3反省した理由は何なのか?

Study this passage

Vocabulary13 words
  • 肝心かんじん
    • ·essential; important; crucial; vital; main
    N1
  • 本質ほんしつ
    • ·essence; true nature; substance; reality
    N1
  • 問うとうAs it appears here: 問わ
    • ·to ask; to inquire
    • ·to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to pursue (question of responsibility); to charge with
    • ·to care about; to regard as important
    • ·to call into question; to doubt; to question
    N1
  • 格差かくさ
    • ·qualitative difference; disparity; gap
    N1
  • 側面そくめん
    • ·side; flank; profile; sidelight; lateral
    • ·aspect; dimension
    N1
  • 混むこむAs it appears here: 混んだ
    • ·to be crowded; to be packed; to be congested; to be thronged (with)
    N1
  • 漏れるもれるAs it appears here: 漏れて
    • ·to leak out; to escape; to come through; to shine through; to filter out
    • ·to find expression; to give vent
    • ·to leak out; to be divulged; to be disclosed
    • ·to be omitted; to be left out; to be excluded; to be not included
    N1
  • 始末しまつ
    • ·management; dealing with; settlement; cleaning up; disposal
    • ·course of events; circumstances; particulars
    • ·end result (usu. bad); outcome
    • ·economizing; economising; frugality; being thrifty
    N1
  • とう
    • ·large building; building with a long roof
    • ·counter for buildings, apartments, etc.
    N1
  • 冒頭ぼうとう
    • ·beginning; opening; start; outset
    N1
  • 行為こうい
    • ·act; deed; conduct
    N1
  • 資格しかく
    • ·qualifications; requirements; capabilities
    N1
  • 垂れるたれるAs it appears here: 垂れて
    • ·to hang; to droop; to dangle; to sag; to lower; to pull down
    • ·to give (e.g. lesson, instruction, scolding) (to someone of lower status); to confer; to grant; to bestow
    • ·to drip; to ooze; to trickle; to drop
    • ·to leave behind (at death)
    • ·to say; to utter
    • ·to excrete (urine, feces, etc.); to let out (a fart)
    N1
Other levels80 words
  • 問題もんだい
    • ·question (e.g. on a test); problem
    • ·problem (e.g. societal, political); question; issue; subject (e.g. of research); case; matter
    • ·question (i.e. doubt)
    • ·public discussion; controversy
    • ·trouble; problem; inconvenience; difficulty
    N5
  • 使うつかうAs it appears here: 使われて
    • ·to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use
    • ·to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate
    • ·to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume
    • ·to use (language); to speak
    N5
  • ある
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • この
    • ·this
    • ·last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this
    • ·you (as in "you liar")
    N5
  • 同じおなじ
    • ·same; identical; equal; alike; equivalent
    • ·anyway; in any case; if one must ...; if one has to ...; as long as ...
    N5
  • 電車でんしゃ
    • ·train; electric train
    N5
  • 乗るのるAs it appears here: 乗って
    • ·to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to board; to take; to embark
    • ·to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to jump on; to sit on; to mount
    • ·to reach; to go over; to pass
    • ·to follow; to stay (on track); to go with (the times, etc.)
    • ·to take part; to participate; to join
    • ·to get into the swing (and sing, dance, etc.)
    • ·to be deceived; to be taken in
    • ·to be carried; to be spread; to be scattered
    • ·to stick; to attach; to take; to go on
    N5
    • ·eye; eyeball
    • ·eyesight; sight; vision
    • ·look; stare; gaze; glance
    • ·notice; attention; observation; eyes (of the world, public, etc.)
    • ·an experience
    • ·viewpoint
    • ·discrimination; discernment; judgement; eye (e.g. for quality)
    • ·(an) appearance
    • ·chance (of success); possibility (of a good result)
    • ·spacing (between crossed strands of a net, mesh, etc.); opening; stitch; texture; weave
    • ·grain (of wood, paper)
    • ·eye (of a storm, needle, etc.)
    • ·intersection (on a go board); square (on a chessboard)
    • ·dot (on a dice); pip; rolled number
    • ·graduation; division (of a scale)
    • ·tooth (of a saw, comb, etc.)
    • ·ordinal number suffix
    • ·somewhat; -ish
    • ·point (e.g. of change)
    • ·eye (empty space inside a group of stones)
    N5
  • とまるAs it appears here: とまった
    • ·to stop (moving); to come to a stop
    • ·to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to cease; to be stopped; to be suspended
    • ·to alight; to perch on
    N5
  • あし
    • ·foot; paw; arm (of an octopus, squid, etc.)
    • ·leg
    • ·gait
    • ·pace
    • ·lower radical of a kanji
    • ·means of transportation; (one's) ride
    • ·money; coin
    N5
  • 座るすわるAs it appears here: 座り
    • ·to sit (down); to have a seat; to be seated; to kneel (on the floor)
    • ·to assume (a position); to take on (a duty); to occupy (a post)
    N5
  • みみ
    • ·ear
    • ·hearing
    • ·ear (for music, etc.)
    • ·edge; crust; heel (of bread or cheese); selvedge (of woven fabric); selvage
    • ·ear (of a pot, jug, etc.); handle
    N5
  • つけるAs it appears here: つけた
    • ·to attach; to join; to connect; to add; to append; to affix; to stick; to glue; to fasten; to sew on; to apply (ointment); to put against
    • ·to furnish (a house with)
    • ·to wear; to put on
    • ·to keep a diary; to make an entry
    • ·to appraise; to set (a price)
    • ·to allot; to budget; to assign
    • ·to bring alongside
    • ·to place (under guard or doctor)
    • ·to follow (someone); to shadow; to tail; to stalk
    • ·to load; to give (courage to)
    • ·to keep (an eye on)
    • ·to establish (relations or understanding)
    • ·to turn on (a light)
    • ·to produce flowers (of a plant); to produce fruit
    • ·to attach; to play an attachment
    • ·to do intensely; to do fiercely; to do strongly
    • ·to be used to (doing); to be accustomed to
    N5
  • 音楽おんがく
    • ·music
    N5
  • かさ
    • ·umbrella; parasol
    • ·something shaped like an umbrella or a conical hat; shade (of a lamp); mushroom cap; pileus
    N5
  • 子供こども
    • ·child; children
    N5
  • 歩くあるく
    • ·to walk
    N5
  • どこ
    • ·where; what place
    • ·how much (long, far); what extent
    N5
  • 一緒いっしょ
    • ·(doing) together
    • ·one lump; one mixture; the same category
    • ·the same; identical
    • ·(at) the same time
    N5
  • 大学だいがく
    • ·university; college
    • ·former imperial university of Japan (established under the ritsuryō system for the training of government administrators)
    • ·the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
    N5
  • 入るはいる
    • ·to enter; to come in; to go in; to get in; to arrive
    • ·to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to enroll (in); to go into (e.g. politics); to get into
    • ·to be contained (in); to be included (in); to be inside (e.g. a box); to come under (a heading); to belong (in a category)
    • ·to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.); to be (able to be) held; to be (able to be) accommodated
    • ·to be introduced; to be brought in; to be installed
    • ·to be received; to be obtained
    • ·to be scored (of points); to be won (of votes)
    • ·to turn on; to start functioning; to start working
    • ·to enter (a month, season, etc.); to reach (e.g. a climax); to get to (e.g. the main topic); to enter into (e.g. negotiations); to start (doing); to begin
    • ·to form (of a crack, fissure, etc.); to develop
    • ·to be put in (of effort, spirit, feeling, etc.); to be applied (e.g. of strength)
    • ·to be ready (of tea, coffee, etc.); to be made
    • ·to enter the body (of alcohol); to become drunk
    N5
  • 吸うすうAs it appears here: 吸って
    • ·to breathe in; to inhale; to smoke (a cigarette, etc.)
    • ·to suck; to sip; to slurp
    • ·to absorb; to soak up
    • ·to kiss
    N5
  • 教室きょうしつ
    • ·classroom; lecture room
    • ·department (in a university)
    • ·class; lessons; course
    • ·school (for a particular discipline); teaching establishment
    N5
  • 入るはいるAs it appears here: 入って
    • ·to enter; to come in; to go in; to get in; to arrive
    • ·to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to enroll (in); to go into (e.g. politics); to get into
    • ·to be contained (in); to be included (in); to be inside (e.g. a box); to come under (a heading); to belong (in a category)
    • ·to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.); to be (able to be) held; to be (able to be) accommodated
    • ·to be introduced; to be brought in; to be installed
    • ·to be received; to be obtained
    • ·to be scored (of points); to be won (of votes)
    • ·to turn on; to start functioning; to start working
    • ·to enter (a month, season, etc.); to reach (e.g. a climax); to get to (e.g. the main topic); to enter into (e.g. negotiations); to start (doing); to begin
    • ·to form (of a crack, fissure, etc.); to develop
    • ·to be put in (of effort, spirit, feeling, etc.); to be applied (e.g. of strength)
    • ·to be ready (of tea, coffee, etc.); to be made
    • ·to enter the body (of alcohol); to become drunk
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • するAs it appears here:
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 後ろうしろ
    • ·back; behind; rear
    N5
  • こえ
    • ·voice
    • ·singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); hoot
    • ·voice; opinion (as expressed in words); view; wish; attitude; will
    • ·sound
    • ·sense (of something's arrival); feeling
    • ·voice; voiced sound
    N5
  • かけるAs it appears here: かけよう
    • ·to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to suspend (from); to hoist (e.g. sail); to raise (e.g. flag)
    • ·to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to cover; to lay; to spread
    • ·to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.)
    • ·to make (a call)
    • ·to spend (time, money); to expend; to use
    • ·to pour (liquid) onto; to sprinkle (powder or spices) onto; to splash; to throw (e.g. water) onto
    • ·to turn on (an engine, radio, etc.); to set (a dial, alarm clock, etc.); to put on (a DVD, song, etc.); to use (a device, implement, etc.)
    • ·to cause (someone inconvenience, trouble, etc.); to burden (someone); to impose
    • ·to multiply (arithmetic operation)
    • ·to secure (e.g. lock)
    • ·to take a seat; to sit; to rest (something on something else); to support (something on something else)
    • ·to bind
    • ·to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble
    • ·to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on
    • ·to hold (a play, festival, etc.)
    • ·to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.)
    • ·to argue (in court); to deliberate (in a meeting); to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.)
    • ·to increase further
    • ·to catch (in a trap, etc.)
    • ·to set atop
    • ·to erect (a makeshift building)
    • ·to apply (insurance)
    • ·to pun (on a word); to use (a word) as a pivot word; to play on words
    • ·to be partway doing ...; to begin (but not complete) ...; to be about to ...
    • ·to address (someone); to direct (something, to someone); to do (something, to someone)
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: される
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • いま
    • ·now; the present time; just now; soon; immediately
    • ·another; more
    N5
  • 自分じぶん
    • ·myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself
    • ·I; me
    • ·you
    N5
  • 彼のあの
    • ·that; those; the
    N5
  • いるAs it appears here: いら
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: した
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 大人おとな
    • ·adult; grown-up
    N5
  • 今日きょう
    • ·today; this day
    • ·these days; recently; nowadays
    N5
  • 立派りっぱ
    • ·splendid; fine; handsome; elegant; imposing; prominent; impressive
    • ·praiseworthy; creditable; worthy
    • ·legal; legitimate; lawful
    • ·undeniable (e.g. crime); indisputable; solid
    N5
  • 意味いみ
    • ·meaning; significance; sense
    N5
  • むかし
    • ·the old days; the past; former times; a long time ago
    • ·the past ten years; the past decade
    N4
  • 思うおもう
    • ·to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon
    • ·to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
    • ·to judge; to assess; to regard
    • ·to imagine; to suppose; to dream
    • ·to expect; to look forward to
    • ·to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want
    • ·to care (deeply) for; to yearn for; to worry about; to love
    • ·to recall; to remember
    N4
  • 大学生だいがくせい
    • ·university student; college student
    N4
  • 周りまわり
    • ·circumference; girth
    • ·surroundings; neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity
    • ·people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
    N4
  • うで
    • ·arm
    • ·ability; skill; talent; competence
    • ·(physical) strength
    N4
  • 思うおもうAs it appears here: 思ったら
    • ·to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon
    • ·to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
    • ·to judge; to assess; to regard
    • ·to imagine; to suppose; to dream
    • ·to expect; to look forward to
    • ·to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want
    • ·to care (deeply) for; to yearn for; to worry about; to love
    • ·to recall; to remember
    N4
  • 注意ちゅうい
    • ·attention; notice; heed
    • ·care; caution; precaution; looking out (for); watching out (for)
    • ·advice; warning; caution; reminder
    • ·admonishment; reprimand; telling-off
    N4
  • かれ
    • ·he; him
    • ·boyfriend
    N4
  • やめるAs it appears here: やめて
    • ·to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to end; to quit
    • ·to cancel; to abandon; to give up; to abolish; to abstain; to refrain
    N4
  • 怖いこわいAs it appears here: 怖かった
    • ·scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
    N4
  • 時代じだい
    • ·period; epoch; era; age
    • ·the times; those days
    • ·oldness; ancientness; antiquity
    • ·antique; period piece
    N4
  • かがみ
    • ·mirror; looking-glass
    • ·barrel head
    • ·page added at the beginning of a document mentioning its purpose, date, author, etc.
    • ·mirror-shaped mochi
    N4
  • 変わるかわるAs it appears here: 変わらない
    • ·to change; to be transformed; to be altered; to vary
    • ·to move to
    • ·to be different; to be uncommon; to be unusual
    N4
  • 珍しいめずらしいAs it appears here: 珍しく
    • ·rare; uncommon; unusual; curious
    • ·new; novel
    • ·fine; nice; splendid; precious
    N4
  • 機会きかい
    • ·chance; opportunity; occasion
    N4
  • せつ
    • ·theory; doctrine
    • ·opinion; view
    • ·rumour; rumor; gossip; hearsay
    N3
  • 明らかあきらか
    • ·clear; obvious; evident; plain; definite
    • ·bright; light
    N3
  • 文句もんく
    • ·complaint; grumbling; objection
    • ·phrase; words; expression
    N3
  • 存在そんざい
    • ·existence; being; presence
    N3
  • つまり
    • ·that is to say; that is; in other words; I mean; that (this, it) means
    • ·in short; in brief; to sum up; ultimately; in the end; in the long run; when all is said and done; what it all comes down to; when you get right down to it; basically
    • ·clogging; obstruction; stuffing; (degree of) blockage
    • ·shrinkage
    • ·end; conclusion
    • ·dead end; corner
    • ·distress; being at the end of one's rope
    N3
  • 人間にんげん
    • ·human being; human; person; man; mankind; humankind
    • ·character (of a person)
    N3
    • ·time; pause
    • ·space
    • ·room
    N3
  • 抱えるかかえるAs it appears here: 抱えて
    • ·to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to carry under one's arm; to hold (one's head) in one's hands
    • ·to have (problems, debts, etc.); to take on (a responsibility); to be burdened with (e.g. care of a family member); to have (children, etc.) to provide for
    • ·to employ; to have (on one's staff); to hire
    N3
  • 先日せんじつ
    • ·the other day; a few days ago
    N3
  • 組むくむAs it appears here: 組んで
    • ·to cross (legs or arms); to link (arms)
    • ·to put together; to construct; to assemble; to produce (e.g. TV program)
    • ·to braid; to plait
    • ·to grapple; to wrestle
    • ·to unite; to join; to link up; to form an alliance
    • ·to set (e.g. type)
    • ·to issue (e.g. money order)
    N3
    • ·after
    N3
    • ·handle; grip
    • ·stalk (of a mushroom, leaf, etc.)
    N3
  • 握るにぎるAs it appears here: 握った
    • ·to clasp; to grasp; to grip; to clutch
    • ·to hold (the answer); to have (e.g. the solution); to be the key; to be the reason
    • ·to seize (power); to hold (the reins); to dominate; to control
    • ·to make (nigirizushi, rice ball, etc.); to form (with one's hands); to press into shape; to mold; to mould
    N3
  • 届くとどくAs it appears here: 届か
    • ·to reach; to touch; to get to; to carry (of sound)
    • ·to be delivered; to arrive
    • ·to be attentive; to be scrupulous; to be thorough
    • ·to be realized (of a desire); to be fulfilled; to get through (to someone); to be appreciated; to make an impression
    N3
  • 振るふるAs it appears here: 振り
    • ·to wave; to shake; to swing
    • ·to sprinkle; to throw (dice)
    • ·to cast (actor); to allocate (work)
    • ·to turn down (someone); to reject; to jilt; to dump
    • ·to abandon; to give up; to ruin
    • ·to add kana indicating a reading of a word
    • ·to slightly change headings; to change directions
    • ·to extract by broiling; to prepare an infusion of; to decoct
    • ·to carry with great vigor (e.g. a portable shrine)
    • ·to bring up a topic; to lead to a topic
    • ·to replace; to substitute
    • ·to set up a joke for someone else
    N3
  • やはり
    • ·as expected; sure enough; just as one thought
    • ·after all (is said and done); in the end; as one would expect; in any case
    • ·too; also; as well; likewise; (not) either
    • ·still; as before
    • ·all the same; even so; still; nonetheless
    N3
  • 結局けっきょく
    • ·after all; in the end; ultimately; eventually
    • ·conclusion; end
    • ·end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
    N3
  • 急にきゅうに
    • ·swiftly; rapidly; quickly; immediately; hastily; hurriedly
    • ·suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly
    • ·sharply (of a slope, bend, etc.); steeply
    N3
  • 心配しんぱい
    • ·worry; concern; anxiety; uneasiness; fear
    • ·care; help; aid; assistance
    N3
  • 光景こうけい
    • ·scene; spectacle; sight; view
    N3
  • もらうAs it appears here: もらった
    • ·to receive; to take; to accept
    • ·to get someone to do something
    • ·to have in one's pocket (a fight, match)
    • ·to contract (a disease); to catch; to be affected
    N3
  • 映すうつす
    • ·to project; to reflect; to cast (shadow)
    N2
  • 大してたいして
    • ·(not) very; (not) so; (not) very much; (not) particularly; (not) especially
    N2
  • 反省はんせい
    • ·reflection; reconsideration; introspection; meditation; contemplation
    • ·regret; repentance; remorse; being sorry
    N2
Grammar2 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • だの~だのN1

    Reduplicated listing particle citing examples with a tone of complaint or exasperation ("what with X and Y and all that").

    その出典は明らかではないが、肝心なのはこうした文句が大昔から本当に存在していたのかではなくて、この文句に潜む本質であろう。

    Its source is unclear, but what matters is not whether this complaint really existed in ancient times, but the underlying truth contained in it.

  • んばかりにN1

    Describes an action so intense it looks on the verge of happening, 'as if about to / almost'.

    降車後、傘の柄を握った腕を、子供の目の高さに届かんばかりにまで、振りながら路上を歩く。

    After getting off the train, he walked down the street swinging the arm holding his umbrella handle almost as high as a child's eye level.

Other levels26 patterns
  • を問わずN2

    Marks a factor as irrelevant to the result — "regardless of ~, irrespective of ~".

    つまり、人間は、古今東西を問わず、若者とシニアとの間に世代間ギャップを抱えている。

    In other words, regardless of time or place, human beings have always had a generation gap between the young and seniors.

  • かと思ったら(かとおもったら)N2

    Marks that a second, often surprising, event happens right after the first — 'just when / no sooner had… than'.

    どこまで一緒かと思ったら、同じ大学の構内に入る始末で、しまいには吸っていたタバコを地面に投げ捨てて教室棟に入っていく。

    I wondered how far we would continue in the same direction, only for him to enter the grounds of the same university; to top it off, he tossed the cigarette he had been smoking onto the ground and went into the classroom building.

  • あげくN2

    Marks a drawn-out effort or process that ends in an (often unwelcome) result — 'after all the …, in the end'.

    あげくに「今の自分に彼の行為を諌めるだけの資格があるだろうか」などと、いらぬ心配までしたのには訳がある。

    I even ended up worrying unnecessarily, “Am I, as I am now, really qualified to admonish him for his behavior?”—and there was a reason for that.

  • つまりN3

    Restates or sums up the preceding statement more plainly — 'in other words / that is to say'.

    つまり、人間は、古今東西を問わず、若者とシニアとの間に世代間ギャップを抱えている。

    In other words, regardless of time or place, human beings have always had a generation gap between the young and seniors.

  • 〜ながらもN3

    Concessive connective stating that two conflicting facts hold at once; "although / even though".

    「よし、これはやはり注意せねば」と勇んで後ろから彼に声をかけようと近づきながらも、結局やめてしまった。

    Thinking, “All right, I really ought to say something about this,” I eagerly approached him from behind to call out to him, but in the end I stopped myself.

  • 結局(けっきょく)N3

    Sums up the eventual outcome after a process or deliberation, 'in the end / after all'.

    「よし、これはやはり注意せねば」と勇んで後ろから彼に声をかけようと近づきながらも、結局やめてしまった。

    Thinking, “All right, I really ought to say something about this,” I eagerly approached him from behind to call out to him, but in the end I stopped myself.

  • 〜ていたN45 times in this passage

    The past progressive/continuous — an action that was ongoing or a state that held in the past — 'was (do)ing'.

    「近ごろの若者は・・・問題だ。」との言い回しは、古代エジプトの昔から使われていたとの説がある。

    There is a theory that the expression “Young people these days... are a problem” has been used since the days of ancient Egypt.

  • 間(あいだ)N4

    Marks a span of time or space throughout which, or between whose endpoints, something else continuously holds — 'while; during; between'.

    つまり、人間は、古今東西を問わず、若者とシニアとの間に世代間ギャップを抱えている。

    In other words, regardless of time or place, human beings have always had a generation gap between the young and seniors.

  • と思う(とおもう)N4

    Quotative plus 'think', stating the speaker's opinion or guess — 'I think that'.

    そしてその格差は負の側面でもあると思う

    And I believe that gap has a negative side as well.

  • 〜さN4

    Suffix that turns an adjective into a noun naming its degree or quality — '-ness' (e.g. 高さ 'height', 重さ 'weight').

    降車後、傘の柄を握った腕を、子供の目の高さに届かんばかりにまで、振りながら路上を歩く。

    After getting off the train, he walked down the street swinging the arm holding his umbrella handle almost as high as a child's eye level.

  • ながらN4

    Attaches to a verb stem to show two actions by the same subject happening at once — 'while (doing) / as'.

    降車後、傘の柄を握った腕を、子供の目の高さに届かんばかりにまで、振りながら路上を歩く。

    After getting off the train, he walked down the street swinging the arm holding his umbrella handle almost as high as a child's eye level.

  • 〜ていくN4

    Marks an action that continues/progresses onward from the present, or is done before moving away — 'to go on doing', 'to do and go'.

    どこまで一緒かと思ったら、同じ大学の構内に入る始末で、しまいには吸っていたタバコを地面に投げ捨てて教室棟に入っていく

    I wondered how far we would continue in the same direction, only for him to enter the grounds of the same university; to top it off, he tossed the cigarette he had been smoking onto the ground and went into the classroom building.

  • 〜てしまう / 〜ちゃうN42 times in this passage

    Verb te-form plus しまう, marking an action as fully completed or done regrettably/by accident — 'end up ...ing' / 'finish ...ing'; ちゃう/じゃう is the casual contraction.

    「よし、これはやはり注意せねば」と勇んで後ろから彼に声をかけようと近づきながらも、結局やめてしまった

    Thinking, “All right, I really ought to say something about this,” I eagerly approached him from behind to call out to him, but in the end I stopped myself.

  • 急にN4

    Adverb describing that something happens abruptly and without warning; 'suddenly / all of a sudden.'

    冒頭の一説が脳裏を急に過ったのである。

    Rather, the saying at the beginning of this piece suddenly flashed through my mind.

  • などN4

    Lists one or more representative items and implies others of the same kind exist — 'and so on / etc. / such as'.

    あげくに「今の自分に彼の行為を諌めるだけの資格があるだろうか」などと、いらぬ心配までしたのには訳がある。

    I even ended up worrying unnecessarily, “Am I, as I am now, really qualified to admonish him for his behavior?”—and there was a reason for that.

  • 〜のにN4

    Links two clauses so the result contradicts what the first clause leads you to expect — "even though ~ / although ~".

    あげくに「今の自分に彼の行為を諌めるだけの資格があるだろうか」などと、いらぬ心配までしたのには訳がある。

    I even ended up worrying unnecessarily, “Am I, as I am now, really qualified to admonish him for his behavior?”—and there was a reason for that.

  • ようだN4

    Expresses conjecture or resemblance drawn from evidence, "it seems / looks like".

    いい大人が件の彼と同じような振舞いをしている光景は、今日珍しくもない。

    Nowadays, it is hardly unusual to see fully grown adults behaving just like the young man in question.

  • たらN4

    Conditional/temporal ending on the plain-past stem meaning that once or if the first action happens, the second follows ('if / once / when ... then').

    昔だったら、立派な大人が若者たちに遠慮なく説教を垂れていたのではなかろうか。

    In the old days, wouldn't respectable adults have freely lectured young people without hesitation?

  • がありますN53 times in this passage

    States the existence or possession of an inanimate thing, "there is / to have".

    「近ごろの若者は・・・問題だ。」との言い回しは、古代エジプトの昔から使われていたとの説がある

    There is a theory that the expression “Young people these days... are a problem” has been used since the days of ancient Egypt.

  • じゃない・ではないN53 times in this passage

    Negates a noun or na-adjective with the copula, "is not / am not".

    その出典は明らかではないが、肝心なのはこうした文句が大昔から本当に存在していたのかではなくて、この文句に潜む本質であろう。

    Its source is unclear, but what matters is not whether this complaint really existed in ancient times, but the underlying truth contained in it.

  • 〜ているN53 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    つまり、人間は、古今東西を問わず、若者とシニアとの間に世代間ギャップを抱えている

    In other words, regardless of time or place, human beings have always had a generation gap between the young and seniors.

  • そしてN5

    Additive/sequential conjunction joining clauses, 'and / and then'.

    そしてその格差は負の側面でもあると思う。

    And I believe that gap has a negative side as well.

  • までN53 times in this passage

    Particle marking the spatial, temporal, or extent limit of an action — "until / up to / as far as."

    降車後、傘の柄を握った腕を、子供の目の高さに届かんばかりにまで、振りながら路上を歩く。

    After getting off the train, he walked down the street swinging the arm holding his umbrella handle almost as high as a child's eye level.

  • のでN52 times in this passage

    Gives a reason or cause with a soft, objective/polite nuance — 'because / since'.

    冒頭の一説が脳裏を急に過ったのである。

    Rather, the saying at the beginning of this piece suddenly flashed through my mind.

  • だけN5

    Limiting particle marking 'only / just' — restricts to the stated amount, degree, or item.

    あげくに「今の自分に彼の行為を諌めるだけの資格があるだろうか」などと、いらぬ心配までしたのには訳がある。

    I even ended up worrying unnecessarily, “Am I, as I am now, really qualified to admonish him for his behavior?”—and there was a reason for that.

  • だろうN52 times in this passage

    Presumptive expressing conjecture — 'probably', 'I think', or seeking agreement 'right?'; plain だろう / polite でしょう.

    あげくに「今の自分に彼の行為を諌めるだけの資格があるだろうか」などと、いらぬ心配までしたのには訳がある。

    I even ended up worrying unnecessarily, “Am I, as I am now, really qualified to admonish him for his behavior?”—and there was a reason for that.

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