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N1 · AdvancedLong passagePassage #330
2

ぜんりゃくさるせいたいくわかんさつすると、われわれ゙どうしてあいさつをしなければいけないのかがよくわかるつまりあいさつというのは、ものがそうころあいそのかいぶんものしようするつづの、かいさくなのであるただしこのかいしてならないのであるがあいさつすることによつてさるは、そのかいきょうゆうするべくりょうかいするのではないぎゃぐあるあいさつすることによつてさるは、それ゙れが別世界べっせかいそんざいすることたしのでありそれ゙たまたまその一点いってんでこうしだないことをりょうかいするのであり、従つてころひつようないことのであるつまりあいさつというのは、それ゙れがそんざいするかいそう(注1)が、ちがいることかくにん゙ある

そのしょうさるは、かいきょうゆうしようとしてちがいてくるあいたいは、もうれつはいじょするぎゃくぐんせいしているものどうは、それ゙れにかぶさりあっていてもそうことべつかいそんざいすることがかくにんされているのでありときあいさつそのことさえたしいれば、それ゙れしんりゃくあうことないのである

このことおそじゅうよゔあろうあいさつというものは、ものどゔそれぞれにがい゙あることをたしためつづ゙ある、と一般いっぱんみなされていてそれたいちが゙はないのだがそのときわれわれどうじかいきょうゆうしているのではなくまったべつかいそれ゙れぶんされているのであり、だからこそがいなのであるつまりあいさつなかあいそれじょうぶんしんかいきんせつしないようけいこくはっどうあいあいかいなかふうしてするじゅじゅつ(注2)てきようふくいるのだ。

われわれは、したものたいよくあいさつをし、①ものたいまったあいさつしないということは、われわれとつて、したものほゔともすればゆうがいなるのでありしたがたびたびあいさつかえがいものする゙くりょくするひつよゔあるのでありぎゃくものほゔむしろがいなのであつてとうぜんあらためてそれがいものする゙くこころひつようないのだ、ということしめいるみれ゙あいさつはじゅうらいいるように「したこめてするものいうよりむしろしたこめるのをやめてもらう」べくするものなのだしたものどうが、「はいそこまで」というのがあいさつにおけるただ姿せい゙ある

べつやくみのるくらかたみずUブックス

ちゅう1)そうそれがげんざいいるじょうきょう

ちゅう2)じゅじゅつちょうぜんてき神秘的しんぴてきちからねがかなえようするこう

Questions

0/4 answered
  1. 1知らないものに対しては全くあいさつをしないのはなぜか。
  2. 2あいさつについての②正しい姿勢とは、どのようなものか。
  3. 3この文章では 、あいさつのどういうことを説明しようとしているか。
  4. 4筆者の述べているあいさつの働きを以下のようにまとめる場合、(   )に入る適当なものはどれか。
    「私たち人間は、あいさつすることで (   )」

Study this passage

Vocabulary18 words
  • 出合うであうAs it appears here: 出合った
    • ·to meet (by chance); to come across; to run across; to encounter; to happen upon
    • ·to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.)
    • ·to emerge and engage (an enemy)
    N1
  • 了解りょうかい
    • ·comprehension; consent; understanding; agreement
    • ·OK; roger
    N1
  • 証拠しょうこ
    • ·evidence; proof
    N1
  • 猛烈もうれつ
    • ·fierce; intense; severe; violent; strong; vehement; terrific; terrible
    • ·very; extremely; terribly; totally
    N1
  • 排除はいじょ
    • ·exclusion; removal; elimination; clearing away; getting rid of
    N1
  • 同士どうし
    • ·fellow; mutual; companion; comrade
    N1
  • 交わすかわすAs it appears here: 交わして
    • ·to exchange (messages, greetings, arguments, etc.)
    • ·to intersect; to cross; to interlace
    • ·... with one another; ... to each other
    N1
  • 侵略しんりゃく
    • ·invasion (e.g. of a country); raid; aggression
    N1
  • どう
    • ·the same; the said
    • ·likewise
    N1
  • 分離ぶんり
    • ·separation; partition; detachment; segregation; isolation
    N1
  • 封鎖ふうさ
    • ·blockade; lockdown; sealing off (an area)
    • ·freezing (funds)
    N1
  • 試みるこころみる
    • ·to try; to attempt; to have a go (at)
    N1
  • 従来じゅうらい
    • ·up to now; so far
    • ·traditional; conventional; usual; existing
    N1
  • こめるAs it appears here: こめて
    • ·to load (a gun, etc.); to charge
    • ·to put into (e.g. emotion, effort)
    • ·to include (e.g. tax in a sales price)
    • ·to hang over; to shroud; to enshroud; to envelop; to screen
    N1
  • こめる
    • ·to load (a gun, etc.); to charge
    • ·to put into (e.g. emotion, effort)
    • ·to include (e.g. tax in a sales price)
    • ·to hang over; to shroud; to enshroud; to envelop; to screen
    N1
  • 日々ひび
    • ·daily; everyday
    • ·days (e.g. of one's youth)
    • ·every day; day after day; day by day; from day to day
    N1
  • かなえるAs it appears here: かなえよう
    • ·to grant (request, wish); to answer (prayer); to make come true (e.g. a dream); to realize; to fulfill
    N1
  • 行為こうい
    • ·act; deed; conduct
    N1
Other levels76 words
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • よく
    • ·nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully
    • ·frequently; often
    • ·I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
    • ·(you have) quite the nerve to; I don't know how you can ...
    N5
  • わかる
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow
    • ·to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized (realised); to be found out; to make sense
    • ·I know!; I think so too!
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: しよう
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • この
    • ·this
    • ·last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this
    • ·you (as in "you liar")
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: した
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • くるAs it appears here:
    • ·to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive
    • ·to come back; to do ... and come back
    • ·to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue
    • ·to come from; to be caused by; to derive from
    • ·to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")
    N5
  • 知るしる
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • 近いちかいAs it appears here:
    • ·near; close; short (distance)
    • ·close (in time); soon
    • ·close (relationship); friendly; intimate
    • ·closely related
    • ·similar; almost the same; close to; nearly
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: されて
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • するAs it appears here:
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: しない
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • なか
    • ·inside; interior
    • ·among; within
    • ·middle; center; centre
    • ·during; while; middle; midst; amid
    • ·interval; gap
    • ·mean; average
    • ·second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes); middle
    • ·medium grade; medium quality
    • ·red-light district
    N5
  • 知るしるAs it appears here: 知らない
    • ·to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover
    • ·to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate
    • ·to remember; to be familiar with; to be acquainted with
    • ·to experience; to go through; to know (e.g. hardship)
    • ·to get acquainted with (a person); to get to know
    • ·to have to do with; to be concerned with; to be one's concern; to be one's responsibility
    N5
  • なる
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • 言ういうAs it appears here: 言って
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • 言ういうAs it appears here: 言われて
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • いう
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • そこ
    • ·there (place relatively near listener)
    • ·there (place just mentioned); that place
    • ·then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised)
    • ·you
    N5
  • みず
    • ·water (esp. cool or cold)
    • ·fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid
    • ·flood; floodwaters
    • ·water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
    • ·break granted to wrestlers engaged in a prolonged bout
    N5
  • 置くおくAs it appears here: 置かれて
    • ·to put; to place
    • ·to leave (behind)
    • ·to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up
    • ·to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire; to employ
    • ·to place (one's trust, one's faith, etc.); to bear (in mind, etc.)
    • ·to put down a tool (e.g. a pen) hence stopping what one is doing with that tool
    • ·to take in (boarders, etc.); to provide lodging in one's house
    • ·to separate spatially or temporally
    • ·to do something in advance
    • ·to leave something in a certain state; to keep something in a certain state
    N5
  • 借りるかりるAs it appears here: 借りて
    • ·to borrow
    • ·to rent; to hire
    • ·to make use of (another's help, wisdom, etc.); to obtain; to receive
    • ·to use (for another purpose); to put to a different use
    N5
  • 世界せかい
    • ·the world; society; the universe
    • ·sphere; circle; world
    • ·world-renowned; world-famous
    • ·realm governed by one Buddha; space
    N4
  • 必要ひつよう
    • ·necessary; needed; essential; indispensable
    • ·necessity; need; requirement
    N4
  • べつ
    • ·distinction; difference; discrimination
    • ·separate; different; another; extra
    • ·exception; exclusion
    • ·classified by; ranked by; according to
    N4
  • ため
    • ·good; advantage; benefit; welfare
    • ·sake; purpose; objective; aim
    • ·consequence; result; effect
    • ·affecting; regarding; concerning
    N4
  • 以上いじょう
    • ·not less than ...; ... and over; ... and above; ... and upwards; ... or more
    • ·beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; more than; further than
    • ·the above; the above-mentioned; the aforementioned; the foregoing
    • ·since ...; seeing that ...; now that ...; once ...
    • ·that's all; that is the end; the end
    N4
  • やめるAs it appears here: やめて
    • ·to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to end; to quit
    • ·to cancel; to abandon; to give up; to abolish; to abstain; to refrain
    N4
  • 正しいただしい
    • ·right; correct
    • ·proper; righteous; just; honest; truthful; lawful
    N4
  • ちから
    • ·force; strength; might; vigour; vigor; energy
    • ·capability; ability; proficiency; capacity; faculty
    • ·efficacy; effect
    • ·effort; endeavours; endeavors; exertions
    • ·power; authority; influence; good offices; agency
    • ·support; help; aid; assistance
    • ·stress; emphasis
    • ·means; resources
    N4
  • さる
    • ·monkey (esp. the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata); ape; non-human primate
    • ·sly person
    • ·idiot; hick
    • ·sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut)
    • ·clasp used to control the height of a pot-hook
    • ·bathhouse prostitute
    N3
  • 詳しいくわしいAs it appears here: 詳しく
    • ·detailed; full; minute
    • ·knowing very well; knowledgeable (about); well-acquainted (with); well-informed (about); familiar (with)
    N3
  • 観察かんさつ
    • ·observation; survey; watching
    N3
  • 我々われわれ
    • ·we
    N3
  • つまり
    • ·that is to say; that is; in other words; I mean; that (this, it) means
    • ·in short; in brief; to sum up; ultimately; in the end; in the long run; when all is said and done; what it all comes down to; when you get right down to it; basically
    • ·clogging; obstruction; stuffing; (degree of) blockage
    • ·shrinkage
    • ·end; conclusion
    • ·dead end; corner
    • ·distress; being at the end of one's rope
    N3
  • 殺すころすAs it appears here: 殺し
    • ·to kill; to slay; to murder; to slaughter
    • ·to suppress; to block; to hamper; to destroy (e.g. talent); to eliminate (e.g. an odour); to spoil (e.g. a flavour); to kill (e.g. one's speed)
    • ·to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back; to stifle (a yawn, laugh, etc.); to hold (one's breath)
    • ·to put out (a runner)
    • ·to pawn; to put in hock
    N3
  • 誤解ごかい
    • ·misunderstanding
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • ぎゃく
    • ·reverse; opposite
    • ·converse (of a hypothesis, etc.)
    • ·inverse (function)
    N3
  • 存在そんざい
    • ·existence; being; presence
    N3
  • 確かめるたしかめる
    • ·to make sure; to check; to ascertain; to confirm; to verify
    N3
  • 確認かくにん
    • ·confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation; identification
    N3
  • 相手あいて
    • ·companion; partner; company
    • ·other party; addressee; counterparty
    • ·opponent (sports, etc.)
    N3
  • 確かめるたしかめるAs it appears here: 確かめて
    • ·to make sure; to check; to ascertain; to confirm; to verify
    N3
  • 恐らくおそらく
    • ·probably; (most) likely; in all likelihood; I suspect; I dare say; I'm afraid
    N3
  • 重要じゅうよう
    • ·important; essential; significant; major; key; principal
    N3
  • 間違いまちがい
    • ·mistake; error; blunder
    • ·accident; mishap; trouble
    • ·improper conduct (e.g. between man and woman); indiscretion
    N3
  • とき
    • ·time; hour; moment
    • ·occasion; case
    • ·chance; opportunity; season
    • ·the times; the age; the day
    • ·tense
    N3
  • 全くまったく
    • ·really; truly; entirely; completely; wholly; perfectly
    • ·indeed
    • ·good grief
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • 警告けいこく
    • ·warning; caution; admonition
    • ·keikoku (penalty in judo)
    N3
  • 要素ようそ
    • ·component; factor; item (e.g. in list)
    • ·element (e.g. in array); member (e.g. data structure)
    N3
  • 含むふくむAs it appears here: 含まれて
    • ·to contain; to comprise; to have; to hold; to include; to embrace
    • ·to hold in the mouth
    • ·to bear in mind; to understand; to harbor (grudge, etc.); to harbour
    • ·to express (emotion, etc.); to imply
    N3
  • 親しいしたしい
    • ·close (e.g. friend); familiar; friendly; intimate
    • ·familiar (e.g. story); well-known (to one)
    • ·close (relatives); closely related
    N3
  • ほう
    • ·direction; way; side; area (in a particular direction)
    • ·side (of an argument, etc.); one's part
    • ·type; category
    • ·field (of study, etc.)
    • ·indicates one side of a comparison
    • ·way; method; manner; means
    • ·length (of each side of a square)
    N3
  • 従ってしたがって
    • ·therefore; consequently; accordingly
    N3
  • 度々たびたび
    • ·often; again and again; over and over again; repeatedly; frequently
    N3
  • 繰り返すくりかえすAs it appears here: 繰り返して
    • ·to repeat; to do over again
    N3
  • 努力どりょく
    • ·effort; exertion; endeavour; endeavor; hard work; striving
    N3
  • 示すしめすAs it appears here: 示して
    • ·to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to tell; to exemplify; to make apparent
    • ·to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.)
    • ·to indicate; to show; to represent; to signify; to display
    N3
  • むしろ
    • ·rather; better; instead; if anything
    N3
    • ·un-; non-
    N3
  • ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • 現在げんざい
    • ·the present; present time; now
    • ·as of
    • ·present tense
    • ·this world; this life
    • ·to actually exist; to exist right now; to exist right in front of one
    N3
  • 状況じょうきょう
    • ·state of affairs; situation; conditions; circumstances
    N3
  • 位置いち
    • ·place; position; location
    • ·position; standing; status; situation
    N3
  • 願いねがい
    • ·desire; wish; hope
    • ·request; entreaty; plea; appeal
    • ·prayer
    • ·(written) application
    N3
  • 相互そうご
    • ·mutual; reciprocal
    N2
  • 手続きてつづき
    • ·procedure; process; proceedings; formalities
    N2
  • すれ違うすれちがうAs it appears here: すれ違って
    • ·to pass (by) each other; to brush past
    • ·to miss (meeting) each other; to fail to meet
    • ·to be at odds; to clash; to be in conflict
    N2
  • あらためて
    • ·another time; again; over again; once again; anew
    • ·formally; especially; intentionally; deliberately
    N2
  • 姿勢しせい
    • ·posture; pose; position; stance; carriage (of the body)
    • ·attitude; approach; stance
    N2
Grammar3 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • だの~だのN13 times in this passage

    Reduplicated listing particle citing examples with a tone of complaint or exasperation ("what with X and Y and all that").

    つまりあいさつというのは、出合ったものが相互に殺しあい、その世界を自分ひとりのものにしようとする手続きの、回避策なのである。

    In other words, greeting is a way of avoiding the process in which those who meet one another kill each other and try to make that world exclusively their own.

  • 〜べくN1

    A formal/literary connective meaning 'in order to' or 'with the aim of' doing the preceding verb.

    ただし、この点で誤解をしてはならないのであるが、あいさつをすることによつて猿は、その世界を共有するべく了解するのではない。

    There is one point, however, that must not be misunderstood: by greeting one another, monkeys do not come to an understanding that they will share the same world.

  • というものN1

    Emphasizes the entire stretch of a stated time period, or foregrounds the essential nature of a thing — "for the whole (time)...", "the very idea of...".

    あいさつというものは、出合ったもの同士がそれぞれに無害であることを確かめるための手続きである、と一般にはみなされていて、それ自体は間違いではないのだが、その時我々は同じ世界を共有しているのではなく、全く別の世界にそれぞれ分離されているのであり、だからこそ無害なのである。

    Greetings are generally regarded as a procedure by which people who meet confirm that each is harmless to the other, and that view is not itself mistaken; but at that moment we are not sharing the same world—we are each separated into entirely different worlds, and that is precisely why we are harmless to one another.

Other levels21 patterns
  • ものか / もんかN2

    Emphatic rhetorical denial tacked onto a plain-form predicate — 'there's no way I would ~', 'as if I'd ~'.

    つまりあいさつというのは、出合ったものが相互に殺しあい、その世界を自分ひとりのものにしようとする手続きの、回避策なのである。

    In other words, greeting is a way of avoiding the process in which those who meet one another kill each other and try to make that world exclusively their own.

  • てはならないN2

    States a firm prohibition — an action that must not be done — "must not ~", "it won't do to ~".

    ただし、この点で誤解をしてはならないのであるが、あいさつをすることによつて猿は、その世界を共有するべく了解するのではない。

    There is one point, however, that must not be misunderstood: by greeting one another, monkeys do not come to an understanding that they will share the same world.

  • 逆に(ぎゃくに)N22 times in this passage

    Signals that what follows runs opposite to what was just said or expected — 'on the contrary', 'conversely', 'the other way around'.

    逆に群棲しているもの同士は、それぞれにかぶさりあっていても位相を異にする別の世界に存在することが確認されているのであり、時にあいさつを交わしてそのことさえ確かめていれば、それぞれに侵略しあうことはないのである。

    Conversely, among individuals living in a group, it has been established that even when their worlds overlap, they still exist in separate worlds on different planes; as long as they occasionally exchange greetings to reaffirm this, they do not invade one another's worlds.

  • 恐らくN2

    Adverb marking the speaker's likely conjecture — "probably, most likely".

    このことは恐らく重要であろう。

    This is probably important.

  • ということはN2

    Draws a logical conclusion or restatement from a preceding fact — "which means…, in other words…, that is to say…".

    ということは、我々にとつて、親しいものの方がともすれば有害となるのであり、従って度々あいさつを繰り返して無害なものにするべく努力する必要があるのであり、逆に知らないものの方がむしろ無害なのであつて、当然あらためてそれを無害なものにするべく試みる必要はないのだ、ということを示している。

    This shows that, for us, familiar people are actually the ones liable to become harmful, so we need to repeat greetings frequently in an effort to render them harmless; strangers, by contrast, are relatively harmless to begin with, so naturally there is no need to make a fresh attempt to render them harmless.

  • もののN22 times in this passage

    Concessive connective — 'although / even though ~, ...'; concedes the first clause then states something that runs counter to it.

    ということは、我々にとつて、親しいものの方がともすれば有害となるのであり、従って度々あいさつを繰り返して無害なものにするべく努力する必要があるのであり、逆に知らないものの方がむしろ無害なのであつて、当然あらためてそれを無害なものにするべく試みる必要はないのだ、ということを示している。

    This shows that, for us, familiar people are actually the ones liable to become harmful, so we need to repeat greetings frequently in an effort to render them harmless; strangers, by contrast, are relatively harmless to begin with, so naturally there is no need to make a fresh attempt to render them harmless.

  • つまりN33 times in this passage

    Restates or sums up the preceding statement more plainly — 'in other words / that is to say'.

    つまりあいさつというのは、出合ったものが相互に殺しあい、その世界を自分ひとりのものにしようとする手続きの、回避策なのである。

    In other words, greeting is a way of avoiding the process in which those who meet one another kill each other and try to make that world exclusively their own.

  • というのはN32 times in this passage

    Introduces an explanation or definition of the topic just named — 'the thing called…' / 'what … means is'.

    つまりあいさつというのは、出合ったものが相互に殺しあい、その世界を自分ひとりのものにしようとする手続きの、回避策なのである。

    In other words, greeting is a way of avoiding the process in which those who meet one another kill each other and try to make that world exclusively their own.

  • ようとするN3

    Describes attempting to do something or being on the verge of doing it — 'try to…', 'be about to…'.

    その証拠に猿は、世界を共有しようとして近づいてくる相手に対しては、猛烈に排除する。

    Evidence of this is that monkeys fiercely drive away an individual that approaches with the intention of sharing their world.

  • に対してN33 times in this passage

    Marks the target or object an action is directed at, or sets up a contrast between two things, 'toward / with regard to / in contrast to'.

    その証拠に猿は、世界を共有しようとして近づいてくる相手に対しては、猛烈に排除する。

    Evidence of this is that monkeys fiercely drive away an individual that approaches with the intention of sharing their world.

  • ことはないN3

    Tells someone there is no need to do something — 'there's no need to / you don't have to.'

    逆に群棲しているもの同士は、それぞれにかぶさりあっていても位相を異にする別の世界に存在することが確認されているのであり、時にあいさつを交わしてそのことさえ確かめていれば、それぞれに侵略しあうことはないのである。

    Conversely, among individuals living in a group, it has been established that even when their worlds overlap, they still exist in separate worlds on different planes; as long as they occasionally exchange greetings to reaffirm this, they do not invade one another's worlds.

  • ためにN3

    marks a purpose ('in order to') or a cause ('because of / owing to').

    あいさつというものは、出合ったもの同士がそれぞれに無害であることを確かめるための手続きである、と一般にはみなされていて、それ自体は間違いではないのだが、その時我々は同じ世界を共有しているのではなく、全く別の世界にそれぞれ分離されているのであり、だからこそ無害なのである。

    Greetings are generally regarded as a procedure by which people who meet confirm that each is harmless to the other, and that view is not itself mistaken; but at that moment we are not sharing the same world—we are each separated into entirely different worlds, and that is precisely why we are harmless to one another.

  • というよりN3

    'Rather than … (it's more like)' — corrects one description in favour of a more fitting one.

    言ってみればあいさつは、従来言われているように「親しみをこめて」するものというより、むしろ「親しみをこめるのをやめてもらう」べくするものなのだ。

    One might say that rather than greeting someone “with friendliness,” as is traditionally said, we greet them in order to ask them, as it were, to “stop becoming any more familiar.”

  • むしろN3

    Adverb overturning an expectation to present the following as the more fitting statement; "rather / if anything".

    言ってみればあいさつは、従来言われているように「親しみをこめて」するものというより、むしろ「親しみをこめるのをやめてもらう」べくするものなのだ。

    One might say that rather than greeting someone “with friendliness,” as is traditionally said, we greet them in order to ask them, as it were, to “stop becoming any more familiar.”

  • というN3

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    親しいもの同士が、「はい、そこまで」というのがあいさつにおける②正しい姿勢である。

    Between people who are close, the ② proper attitude embodied in a greeting is to say, “Yes, that's as far as you go.”

  • 的(てき)N3

    A suffix turning a noun into a na-adjective meaning "relating to / -like / -ical" (一般的, 科学的).

    (注2)呪術:超自然的・神秘的な力を借りて、願いをかなえようとする行為。

    (Note 2) Magic: an act of attempting to fulfill a wish by drawing on supernatural or mysterious powers.

  • ということN4

    Nominalizes a whole statement into a noun — 'the fact that', 'it means that'.

    ということは、我々にとつて、親しいものの方がともすれば有害となるのであり、従って度々あいさつを繰り返して無害なものにするべく努力する必要があるのであり、逆に知らないものの方がむしろ無害なのであつて、当然あらためてそれを無害なものにするべく試みる必要はないのだ、ということを示している。

    This shows that, for us, familiar people are actually the ones liable to become harmful, so we need to repeat greetings frequently in an effort to render them harmless; strangers, by contrast, are relatively harmless to begin with, so naturally there is no need to make a fresh attempt to render them harmless.

  • 〜てみるN4

    Verb te-form plus 見る, doing something on a trial basis to see what happens — 'try ...ing'.

    言ってみればあいさつは、従来言われているように「親しみをこめて」するものというより、むしろ「親しみをこめるのをやめてもらう」べくするものなのだ。

    One might say that rather than greeting someone “with friendliness,” as is traditionally said, we greet them in order to ask them, as it were, to “stop becoming any more familiar.”

  • 〜てもらうN4

    Benefactive construction: receive the favor of someone doing an action for you — 'have/get someone to ...'.

    言ってみればあいさつは、従来言われているように「親しみをこめて」するものというより、むしろ「親しみをこめるのをやめてもらう」べくするものなのだ。

    One might say that rather than greeting someone “with friendliness,” as is traditionally said, we greet them in order to ask them, as it were, to “stop becoming any more familiar.”

  • にするN53 times in this passage

    To decide on or turn something into a given state or choice, 'to make it ~ / to go with ~.'

    つまりあいさつというのは、出合ったものが相互に殺しあい、その世界を自分ひとりのものにしようとする手続きの、回避策なのである。

    In other words, greeting is a way of avoiding the process in which those who meet one another kill each other and try to make that world exclusively their own.

  • 〜ているN511 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    つまりあいさつというのは、それぞれが存在する世界の位相が、すれ違っていることの確認である。

    In other words, a greeting confirms that the worlds in which each party exists occupy different, passing planes.

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