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N3 · IntermediateLong passagePassage #316
2

玉たまねぎ（注1）を切きるとき、涙なみだが出でて困こまった経けい験けんはだれにでもあるだろう。①涙なみだが出でる原げん因いん、玉たまねぎの中なかに入はいっている「アリシン」である。アリシンは、常じょう温おん（注2）で空くう気き中ちゅうに出でていく性せい質しつ（注3）があり、玉たまねぎを切きるときに飛とび出だす。そして、呼こ吸きゅうしたりするときに体からだの中なかに入はいってきて、涙なみだを出ださせるのである。

では、これを防ふせぐにはどうしたらいいだろうか。以い下かのような方ほう法ほうがある。

A　台だい所どころの換かん気き扇せんをつける。

B　鼻はなにティッシュぺーパーをつめる。

C　玉たまねぎをいくつかに切きって水みずにつけておく。

D　玉たまねぎを冷れい蔵ぞう庫こに入いれて冷ひやしておく。

E　包ほう丁ちょうに熱湯ねっとうをかけてから切きる。

F　玉たまねぎを電でん子しレンジで温あたためておく。

これらの方ほう法ほうは二ふたつのタイプに分わけられる。一ひとつは、②空くう気き中ちゅうに出でたアリシンが体からだに入はいるのを防ふせぐタイプである。もう一ひとつは、アリシンが空くう気き中ちゅうに出でるのを防ふせぐタイプで、こちらはアリシンの性せい質しつを利り用ようする方ほう法ほうだ。アリシンには、水みずに溶とけやすい、冷つめたいと外ほかに出でにくい、熱ねつで壊こわれやすい、という性せい質しつがある。玉たまねぎを冷ひやしたり、熱あつい包ほう丁ちょうを使つかったりするのは、少すこし時じ間かんが経たつと効こう果かがなくなる。これに対たいして、玉たまねぎを水みずにつけておいたり、③レンジで温あたためたりするやり方かたは、効こう果かが高たかいようだ。

しかし、実じつはアリシンは体からだにいいものなのだ。それが水みずに流ながれ出でたり、熱ねつで壊こわれたりしてしまう。このため、涙なみだは出でにくくなるが、アリシンが減へってしまうという欠点けってんがある。これらのことを考かんがえて、④一いち番ばんいいと思おもう方ほう法ほうを選えらぶといいだろう。

（注ちゅう1）玉たまねぎ：野や菜さいの名な前まえ

（注ちゅう2）常じょう温おん：15度どから25度どぐらいの気き温おん

（注ちゅう3）性せい質しつ：物ものがもっている性せい格かくや特とく徴ちょう

Questions

0/4 answered
  1. 1①涙が出る原因は、玉ねぎの中に入っている「アリシン」であるとあるが、玉ねぎを切っているとき、涙が出てくるのはどうしてか。
  2. 2②空気中に出たアリシンが体に入るのを防ぐタイプとあるが、これは文章の中のどの方法か。
  3. 3③レンジで温めたりするやり方とあるが、この方法の特徴について正しく説明しているのはどれか。
  4. 4④一番いいと思う方法を選ぶといいだろうとあるが、ここで言いたいことはどんなことか。

Study this passage

Vocabulary20 words
  • とき
    • ·time; hour; moment
    • ·occasion; case
    • ·chance; opportunity; season
    • ·the times; the age; the day
    • ·tense
    N3
  • 涙なみだ
    • ·tear; tears; lachrymal secretion
    • ·sympathy
    N3
  • 経験けいけん
    • ·experience
    N3
  • 飛び出すとびだす
    • ·to jump out; to leap out; to fly out; to run out; to rush out; to bolt out
    • ·to appear (suddenly); to emerge; to come out
    • ·to protrude; to project; to jut out; to stick out
    • ·to leave (a company, one's hometown, etc.); to run away (from home); to cut ties with
    • ·to start flying
    N3
  • 呼吸こきゅう
    • ·breathing; respiration
    • ·knack; trick; secret (of doing something)
    • ·harmony; balance; synchronization; accord
    • ·short interval; short pause
    N3
  • 防ぐふせぐ
    • ·to defend against; to protect against
    • ·to prevent; to avert; to avoid
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • 方法ほうほう
    • ·method; way; manner; process; procedure; means; measure
    N3
  • つめる
    • ·to stuff into; to jam; to cram; to pack; to fill; to plug; to stop up
    • ·to shorten; to move closer together
    • ·to reduce (spending); to conserve
    • ·to focus intently on; to strain oneself to do
    • ·to go through thoroughly; to work out (details); to bring to a conclusion; to wind up
    • ·to be on duty; to be stationed
    • ·to corner (esp. an opponent's king in shogi); to trap; to checkmate
    • ·to cut off (one's finger as an act of apology); to catch (one's finger in a door, etc.)
    • ·to do non-stop; to do continuously; to keep doing (without a break)
    • ·to do completely; to do thoroughly
    • ·to force someone into a difficult situation by ...
    N3
  • 分けるわけるAs it appears here: 分けられる
    • ·to divide (into); to split (into); to part; to separate; to divide up; to classify; to sort out; to divide out
    • ·to share; to distribute; to deal out; to dish out
    • ·to distinguish; to discriminate; to differentiate (between)
    • ·to break up (a fight); to mediate
    • ·to call a draw; to tie
    • ·to push one's way through (a crowd)
    • ·to sell
    N3
  • 効果こうか
    • ·effect; effectiveness; efficacy; result
    • ·effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
    N3
  • 実はじつは
    • ·as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly; actually
    N3
  • 減るへるAs it appears here: 減って
    • ·to decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abate
    N3
  • 欠点けってん
    • ·fault; defect; flaw; weak point; weakness; shortcoming; drawback
    • ·failure (in an examination); failing grade
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • 注ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • 度ど
    • ·degree (angle, temperature, scale, etc.)
    • ·counter for occurrences
    • ·strength (of glasses); glasses prescription
    • ·alcohol content (percentage); alcohol by volume
    • ·extent; degree; limit
    • ·presence of mind; composure
    N3
  • 気温きおん
    • ·(air) temperature
    N3
  • 性格せいかく
    • ·character (of a person); personality; disposition; nature
    • ·characteristics; nature (of a thing, event, etc.)
    N3
  • 特徴とくちょう
    • ·feature; trait; characteristic; peculiarity; distinction
    N3
Other levels65 words
  • 切るきる
    • ·to cut; to cut through; to perform (surgery)
    • ·to sever (connections, ties)
    • ·to turn off (e.g. the light)
    • ·to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to disconnect
    • ·to punch (a ticket); to tear off (a stub)
    • ·to open (something sealed)
    • ·to start
    • ·to set (a limit); to do (something) in less or within a certain time; to issue (cheques, vouchers, etc.)
    • ·to reduce; to decrease; to discount
    • ·to shake off (water, etc.); to let drip-dry; to let drain
    • ·to cross; to traverse
    • ·to criticize sharply
    • ·to act decisively; to do (something noticeable); to go first; to make (certain facial expressions, in kabuki)
    • ·to turn (vehicle, steering wheel, etc.)
    • ·to curl (a ball); to bend; to cut
    • ·to shuffle (cards)
    • ·to discard a tile
    • ·to dismiss; to sack; to let go; to expel; to excommunicate
    • ·to dig (a groove); to cut (a stencil, on a mimeograph)
    • ·to trump
    • ·to cut (the connection between two groups)
    • ·to start a fire (with wood-wood friction or by striking a metal against stone)
    • ·to draw (a shape) in the air (with a sword, etc.)
    • ·to do completely; to finish doing
    • ·to be completely ...; to be totally ...; to be terribly ...
    • ·to do clearly; to do decisively; to do firmly
    N5
  • 出るでるAs it appears here: 出て
    • ·to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out
    • ·to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out
    • ·to move forward
    • ·to come to; to get to; to lead to; to reach
    • ·to appear; to come out; to emerge; to surface; to come forth; to turn up; to be found; to be detected; to be discovered; to be exposed; to show; to be exhibited; to be on display
    • ·to appear (in print); to be published; to be announced; to be issued; to be listed; to come out
    • ·to attend; to participate; to take part; to enter (an event); to play in; to perform
    • ·to be stated; to be expressed; to come up; to be brought up; to be raised
    • ·to sell
    • ·to exceed; to go over
    • ·to stick out; to protrude
    • ·to break out; to occur; to start; to originate
    • ·to be produced
    • ·to come from; to be derived from
    • ·to be given; to get; to receive; to be offered; to be provided; to be presented; to be submitted; to be handed in; to be turned in; to be paid
    • ·to answer (phone, door, etc.); to get
    • ·to assume (an attitude); to act; to behave
    • ·to pick up (speed, etc.); to gain
    • ·to flow (e.g. tears); to run; to bleed
    • ·to graduate
    • ·to ejaculate; to cum
    N5
  • 困るこまるAs it appears here: 困った
    • ·to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be in a fix; to be at a loss; to be stumped; to be embarrassed
    • ·to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be annoyed
    • ·to be badly off; to be hard up; to be in straitened circumstances
    N5
  • だれ
    • ·who
    N5
  • ある
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • 中なか
    • ·inside; interior
    • ·among; within
    • ·middle; center; centre
    • ·during; while; middle; midst; amid
    • ·interval; gap
    • ·mean; average
    • ·second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes); middle
    • ·medium grade; medium quality
    • ·red-light district
    N5
  • 入るはいるAs it appears here: 入って
    • ·to enter; to come in; to go in; to get in; to arrive
    • ·to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to enroll (in); to go into (e.g. politics); to get into
    • ·to be contained (in); to be included (in); to be inside (e.g. a box); to come under (a heading); to belong (in a category)
    • ·to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.); to be (able to be) held; to be (able to be) accommodated
    • ·to be introduced; to be brought in; to be installed
    • ·to be received; to be obtained
    • ·to be scored (of points); to be won (of votes)
    • ·to turn on; to start functioning; to start working
    • ·to enter (a month, season, etc.); to reach (e.g. a climax); to get to (e.g. the main topic); to enter into (e.g. negotiations); to start (doing); to begin
    • ·to form (of a crack, fissure, etc.); to develop
    • ·to be put in (of effort, spirit, feeling, etc.); to be applied (e.g. of strength)
    • ·to be ready (of tea, coffee, etc.); to be made
    • ·to enter the body (of alcohol); to become drunk
    N5
  • あるAs it appears here: あり
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: したり
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 体からだ
    • ·body
    • ·torso; trunk
    • ·build; physique; frame; figure
    • ·health; constitution
    N5
  • 出すだすAs it appears here: 出させる
    • ·to take out; to get out
    • ·to put out; to reveal; to show
    • ·to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in
    • ·to publish; to make public
    • ·to send (e.g. letter)
    • ·to produce (a sound); to start (fire)
    • ·to serve (food)
    • ·... out (e.g. to jump out, to carry out)
    • ·to begin ...; to start to ...; to burst into ...
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • どう
    • ·how; in what way; how about
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: したら
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 台所だいどころ
    • ·kitchen
    • ·financial situation; finances
    N5
  • つける
    • ·to attach; to join; to connect; to add; to append; to affix; to stick; to glue; to fasten; to sew on; to apply (ointment); to put against
    • ·to furnish (a house with)
    • ·to wear; to put on
    • ·to keep a diary; to make an entry
    • ·to appraise; to set (a price)
    • ·to allot; to budget; to assign
    • ·to bring alongside
    • ·to place (under guard or doctor)
    • ·to follow (someone); to shadow; to tail; to stalk
    • ·to load; to give (courage to)
    • ·to keep (an eye on)
    • ·to establish (relations or understanding)
    • ·to turn on (a light)
    • ·to produce flowers (of a plant); to produce fruit
    • ·to attach; to play an attachment
    • ·to do intensely; to do fiercely; to do strongly
    • ·to be used to (doing); to be accustomed to
    N5
  • 鼻はな
    • ·nose
    N5
  • いくつ
    • ·how many
    • ·how old
    N5
  • 切るきるAs it appears here: 切って
    • ·to cut; to cut through; to perform (surgery)
    • ·to sever (connections, ties)
    • ·to turn off (e.g. the light)
    • ·to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to disconnect
    • ·to punch (a ticket); to tear off (a stub)
    • ·to open (something sealed)
    • ·to start
    • ·to set (a limit); to do (something) in less or within a certain time; to issue (cheques, vouchers, etc.)
    • ·to reduce; to decrease; to discount
    • ·to shake off (water, etc.); to let drip-dry; to let drain
    • ·to cross; to traverse
    • ·to criticize sharply
    • ·to act decisively; to do (something noticeable); to go first; to make (certain facial expressions, in kabuki)
    • ·to turn (vehicle, steering wheel, etc.)
    • ·to curl (a ball); to bend; to cut
    • ·to shuffle (cards)
    • ·to discard a tile
    • ·to dismiss; to sack; to let go; to expel; to excommunicate
    • ·to dig (a groove); to cut (a stencil, on a mimeograph)
    • ·to trump
    • ·to cut (the connection between two groups)
    • ·to start a fire (with wood-wood friction or by striking a metal against stone)
    • ·to draw (a shape) in the air (with a sword, etc.)
    • ·to do completely; to finish doing
    • ·to be completely ...; to be totally ...; to be terribly ...
    • ·to do clearly; to do decisively; to do firmly
    N5
  • 水みず
    • ·water (esp. cool or cold)
    • ·fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid
    • ·flood; floodwaters
    • ·water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
    • ·break granted to wrestlers engaged in a prolonged bout
    N5
  • つけるAs it appears here: つけて
    • ·to attach; to join; to connect; to add; to append; to affix; to stick; to glue; to fasten; to sew on; to apply (ointment); to put against
    • ·to furnish (a house with)
    • ·to wear; to put on
    • ·to keep a diary; to make an entry
    • ·to appraise; to set (a price)
    • ·to allot; to budget; to assign
    • ·to bring alongside
    • ·to place (under guard or doctor)
    • ·to follow (someone); to shadow; to tail; to stalk
    • ·to load; to give (courage to)
    • ·to keep (an eye on)
    • ·to establish (relations or understanding)
    • ·to turn on (a light)
    • ·to produce flowers (of a plant); to produce fruit
    • ·to attach; to play an attachment
    • ·to do intensely; to do fiercely; to do strongly
    • ·to be used to (doing); to be accustomed to
    N5
  • 冷蔵庫れいぞうこ
    • ·refrigerator; fridge
    N5
  • 入れるいれるAs it appears here: 入れて
    • ·to put in; to let in; to take in; to bring in; to insert; to install (e.g. software); to set (a jewel, etc.); to ink in (e.g. tattoo)
    • ·to admit; to accept; to employ; to hire
    • ·to accept; to comply; to grant; to adopt (a policy, etc.); to take (advice, etc.); to listen to; to pay attention to
    • ·to include
    • ·to pay (one's rent, etc.)
    • ·to cast (a vote)
    • ·to make (tea, coffee, etc.)
    • ·to turn on (a switch, etc.)
    • ·to send (a fax); to call
    N5
  • かけるAs it appears here: かけて
    • ·to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to suspend (from); to hoist (e.g. sail); to raise (e.g. flag)
    • ·to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to cover; to lay; to spread
    • ·to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.)
    • ·to make (a call)
    • ·to spend (time, money); to expend; to use
    • ·to pour (liquid) onto; to sprinkle (powder or spices) onto; to splash; to throw (e.g. water) onto
    • ·to turn on (an engine, radio, etc.); to set (a dial, alarm clock, etc.); to put on (a DVD, song, etc.); to use (a device, implement, etc.)
    • ·to cause (someone inconvenience, trouble, etc.); to burden (someone); to impose
    • ·to multiply (arithmetic operation)
    • ·to secure (e.g. lock)
    • ·to take a seat; to sit; to rest (something on something else); to support (something on something else)
    • ·to bind
    • ·to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble
    • ·to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on
    • ·to hold (a play, festival, etc.)
    • ·to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.)
    • ·to argue (in court); to deliberate (in a meeting); to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.)
    • ·to increase further
    • ·to catch (in a trap, etc.)
    • ·to set atop
    • ·to erect (a makeshift building)
    • ·to apply (insurance)
    • ·to pun (on a word); to use (a word) as a pivot word; to play on words
    • ·to be partway doing ...; to begin (but not complete) ...; to be about to ...
    • ·to address (someone); to direct (something, to someone); to do (something, to someone)
    N5
  • 二つふたつ
    • ·two
    N5
  • 一つひとつ
    • ·one
    • ·for one thing
    • ·only
    • ·(not) even
    • ·just (e.g. "just try it")
    • ·some kind of; one type of
    N5
  • 出るでるAs it appears here: 出た
    • ·to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out
    • ·to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out
    • ·to move forward
    • ·to come to; to get to; to lead to; to reach
    • ·to appear; to come out; to emerge; to surface; to come forth; to turn up; to be found; to be detected; to be discovered; to be exposed; to show; to be exhibited; to be on display
    • ·to appear (in print); to be published; to be announced; to be issued; to be listed; to come out
    • ·to attend; to participate; to take part; to enter (an event); to play in; to perform
    • ·to be stated; to be expressed; to come up; to be brought up; to be raised
    • ·to sell
    • ·to exceed; to go over
    • ·to stick out; to protrude
    • ·to break out; to occur; to start; to originate
    • ·to be produced
    • ·to come from; to be derived from
    • ·to be given; to get; to receive; to be offered; to be provided; to be presented; to be submitted; to be handed in; to be turned in; to be paid
    • ·to answer (phone, door, etc.); to get
    • ·to assume (an attitude); to act; to behave
    • ·to pick up (speed, etc.); to gain
    • ·to flow (e.g. tears); to run; to bleed
    • ·to graduate
    • ·to ejaculate; to cum
    N5
  • 入るはいる
    • ·to enter; to come in; to go in; to get in; to arrive
    • ·to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to enroll (in); to go into (e.g. politics); to get into
    • ·to be contained (in); to be included (in); to be inside (e.g. a box); to come under (a heading); to belong (in a category)
    • ·to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.); to be (able to be) held; to be (able to be) accommodated
    • ·to be introduced; to be brought in; to be installed
    • ·to be received; to be obtained
    • ·to be scored (of points); to be won (of votes)
    • ·to turn on; to start functioning; to start working
    • ·to enter (a month, season, etc.); to reach (e.g. a climax); to get to (e.g. the main topic); to enter into (e.g. negotiations); to start (doing); to begin
    • ·to form (of a crack, fissure, etc.); to develop
    • ·to be put in (of effort, spirit, feeling, etc.); to be applied (e.g. of strength)
    • ·to be ready (of tea, coffee, etc.); to be made
    • ·to enter the body (of alcohol); to become drunk
    N5
  • 出るでる
    • ·to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out
    • ·to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out
    • ·to move forward
    • ·to come to; to get to; to lead to; to reach
    • ·to appear; to come out; to emerge; to surface; to come forth; to turn up; to be found; to be detected; to be discovered; to be exposed; to show; to be exhibited; to be on display
    • ·to appear (in print); to be published; to be announced; to be issued; to be listed; to come out
    • ·to attend; to participate; to take part; to enter (an event); to play in; to perform
    • ·to be stated; to be expressed; to come up; to be brought up; to be raised
    • ·to sell
    • ·to exceed; to go over
    • ·to stick out; to protrude
    • ·to break out; to occur; to start; to originate
    • ·to be produced
    • ·to come from; to be derived from
    • ·to be given; to get; to receive; to be offered; to be provided; to be presented; to be submitted; to be handed in; to be turned in; to be paid
    • ·to answer (phone, door, etc.); to get
    • ·to assume (an attitude); to act; to behave
    • ·to pick up (speed, etc.); to gain
    • ·to flow (e.g. tears); to run; to bleed
    • ·to graduate
    • ·to ejaculate; to cum
    N5
  • こちら
    • ·this way; this direction
    • ·here
    • ·this (one)
    • ·I; me; we; us
    • ·this person
    N5
  • 冷たいつめたい
    • ·cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; freezing
    • ·(emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling; indifferent; unfriendly; distant
    N5
  • 熱いあつい
    • ·hot (to the touch)
    • ·passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. gaze)
    • ·hot (e.g. temper)
    • ·zealous; enthusiastic; fired up
    • ·intense; severe; extreme
    • ·hot (topic); of interest
    N5
  • 使うつかうAs it appears here: 使ったり
    • ·to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use
    • ·to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate
    • ·to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume
    • ·to use (language); to speak
    N5
  • 少しすこし
    • ·a little; a bit; a small amount; a few; some; slightly; somewhat
    • ·a little while; a short time; a moment; a minute
    • ·a little way; a short distance
    N5
  • 高いたかい
    • ·high; tall
    • ·expensive; high-priced
    • ·high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
    • ·loud
    • ·high-pitched; shrill
    N5
  • しかし
    • ·however; but
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • この
    • ·this
    • ·last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this
    • ·you (as in "you liar")
    N5
  • 出るでるAs it appears here: 出
    • ·to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out
    • ·to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out
    • ·to move forward
    • ·to come to; to get to; to lead to; to reach
    • ·to appear; to come out; to emerge; to surface; to come forth; to turn up; to be found; to be detected; to be discovered; to be exposed; to show; to be exhibited; to be on display
    • ·to appear (in print); to be published; to be announced; to be issued; to be listed; to come out
    • ·to attend; to participate; to take part; to enter (an event); to play in; to perform
    • ·to be stated; to be expressed; to come up; to be brought up; to be raised
    • ·to sell
    • ·to exceed; to go over
    • ·to stick out; to protrude
    • ·to break out; to occur; to start; to originate
    • ·to be produced
    • ·to come from; to be derived from
    • ·to be given; to get; to receive; to be offered; to be provided; to be presented; to be submitted; to be handed in; to be turned in; to be paid
    • ·to answer (phone, door, etc.); to get
    • ·to assume (an attitude); to act; to behave
    • ·to pick up (speed, etc.); to gain
    • ·to flow (e.g. tears); to run; to bleed
    • ·to graduate
    • ·to ejaculate; to cum
    N5
  • なる
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • 一番いちばん
    • ·number one; first; first place
    • ·best; most
    • ·game; round; bout
    • ·as a test; as an experiment; by way of experiment; by way of trial; tentatively
    • ·song (e.g. in noh); piece
    N5
  • 野菜やさい
    • ·vegetable
    • ·marijuana; cannabis
    N5
  • 名前なまえ
    • ·name
    • ·given name; first name
    N5
  • 物もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • もつAs it appears here: もって
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • 原因げんいん
    • ·cause; origin; source
    N4
  • 空気くうき
    • ·air; atmosphere
    • ·mood; situation
    • ·someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
    N4
  • 以下いか
    • ·not exceeding ...; not more than ...; ... and under; ... and below; ... or fewer
    • ·below (a standard, level, etc.); under; beneath; less than
    • ·the following; the below-mentioned; the rest; followed by ...
    • ·including ...; ... and other (employees, officials, etc.)
    N4
  • 利用りよう
    • ·use; utilization; utilisation; application
    N4
  • 熱ねつ
    • ·heat
    • ·fever; temperature
    • ·zeal; passion; enthusiasm; mania; craze; rage
    N4
  • 壊れるこわれるAs it appears here: 壊れ
    • ·to be broken; to break; to fall apart; to collapse; to be destroyed; to be damaged
    • ·to break (down); to stop working
    • ·to fall through (of a plan, deal, etc.); to collapse; to break down (of a relationship, negotiations, etc.); to be broken off; to be ruined (of an atmosphere, one's image, etc.)
    N4
  • なくなる
    • ·to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing
    • ·to be used up; to be run out; to be exhausted; to be consumed; to be reduced to zero; to not occur any more
    • ·to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
    N4
  • 壊れるこわれるAs it appears here: 壊れたり
    • ·to be broken; to break; to fall apart; to collapse; to be destroyed; to be damaged
    • ·to break (down); to stop working
    • ·to fall through (of a plan, deal, etc.); to collapse; to break down (of a relationship, negotiations, etc.); to be broken off; to be ruined (of an atmosphere, one's image, etc.)
    N4
  • ため
    • ·good; advantage; benefit; welfare
    • ·sake; purpose; objective; aim
    • ·consequence; result; effect
    • ·affecting; regarding; concerning
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考えて
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 思うおもう
    • ·to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon
    • ·to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
    • ·to judge; to assess; to regard
    • ·to imagine; to suppose; to dream
    • ·to expect; to look forward to
    • ·to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want
    • ·to care (deeply) for; to yearn for; to worry about; to love
    • ·to recall; to remember
    N4
  • 選ぶえらぶ
    • ·to choose; to select; to pick (out)
    N4
  • 性質せいしつ
    • ·nature (of a person); disposition; temperament; character
    • ·quality; inherent characteristic; property; nature; (chemical) behavior
    N2
  • 冷やすひやすAs it appears here: 冷やして
    • ·to cool; to chill; to refrigerate
    • ·to calm down; to cool off; to regain one's composure; to relax
    • ·to be frightened (at); to be scared (of)
    N2
  • 冷やすひやすAs it appears here: 冷やしたり
    • ·to cool; to chill; to refrigerate
    • ·to calm down; to cool off; to regain one's composure; to relax
    • ·to be frightened (at); to be scared (of)
    N2
  • 熱湯ねっとう
    • ·boiling water
    N1
  • やすい
    • ·easy
    • ·likely to ...; have a tendency to ...
    • ·easy to ...
    N1
Grammar4 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • といい／たらいいN32 times in this passage

    Expresses a hope or gentle suggestion — "it'd be good if", "you should", "I hope ~".

    では、これを防ぐにはどうしたらいいだろうか。

    So, what can be done to prevent this?

  • というN32 times in this passage

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    アリシンには、水に溶けやすい、冷たいと外に出にくい、熱で壊れやすい、という性質がある。

    Allicin has the properties of dissolving easily in water, being less likely to escape when cold, and breaking down easily with heat.

  • に対してN3

    Marks the target or object an action is directed at, or sets up a contrast between two things, 'toward / with regard to / in contrast to'.

    これに対して、玉ねぎを水につけておいたり、③レンジで温めたりするやり方は、効果が高いようだ。

    In contrast, methods such as soaking the onion in water or ③heating it in a microwave seem to be highly effective.

  • ためにN3

    marks a purpose ('in order to') or a cause ('because of / owing to').

    このため、涙は出にくくなるが、アリシンが減ってしまうという欠点がある。

    Therefore, although these methods make you less likely to tear up, they have the disadvantage of reducing the amount of allicin.

Other levels22 patterns
  • だの～だのN1

    Reduplicated listing particle citing examples with a tone of complaint or exasperation ("what with X and Y and all that").

    しかし、実はアリシンは体にいいものなのだ。

    However, allicin is actually good for the body.

  • ときN43 times in this passage

    Marks the time at which something happens — "when X, Y."

    玉ねぎを切るとき、涙が出て困った経験はだれにでもあるだろう。

    Everyone has probably had the troublesome experience of tearing up while cutting an onion.

  • 〜ていくN4

    Marks an action that continues/progresses onward from the present, or is done before moving away — 'to go on doing', 'to do and go'.

    アリシンは、常温で空気中に出ていく性質があり、玉ねぎを切るときに飛び出す。

    Allicin has the property of escaping into the air at room temperature, and it is released when an onion is cut.

  • 〜てくるN4

    Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

    そして、呼吸したりするときに体の中に入ってきて、涙を出させるのである。

    Then, when we breathe, it enters the body and causes tears to come out.

  • ように / ようなN4

    Likens or exemplifies one thing by another, "like / as / similar to (a)".

    以下のような方法がある。

    The following methods can be used.

  • 〜ておくN44 times in this passage

    Verb te-form plus 置く, doing something in advance as preparation or leaving it done for later — 'do ... in advance'.

    C　玉ねぎをいくつかに切って水につけておく。

    C　Cut the onion into several pieces and soak them in water.

  • やすいN42 times in this passage

    Attaches to a verb stem to mean the action is easy to do ('easy to ~').

    アリシンには、水に溶けやすい、冷たいと外に出にくい、熱で壊れやすい、という性質がある。

    Allicin has the properties of dissolving easily in water, being less likely to escape when cold, and breaking down easily with heat.

  • にくいN42 times in this passage

    Attaches to a verb stem to say an action is hard to perform, 'difficult to ~ / hard to ~.'

    アリシンには、水に溶けやすい、冷たいと外に出にくい、熱で壊れやすい、という性質がある。

    Allicin has the properties of dissolving easily in water, being less likely to escape when cold, and breaking down easily with heat.

  • 方（かた）N4

    Attaches to a verb's masu-stem to name the manner or method of doing it, "way of / how to".

    これに対して、玉ねぎを水につけておいたり、③レンジで温めたりするやり方は、効果が高いようだ。

    In contrast, methods such as soaking the onion in water or ③heating it in a microwave seem to be highly effective.

  • ようだN4

    Expresses conjecture or resemblance drawn from evidence, "it seems / looks like".

    これに対して、玉ねぎを水につけておいたり、③レンジで温めたりするやり方は、効果が高いようだ。

    In contrast, methods such as soaking the onion in water or ③heating it in a microwave seem to be highly effective.

  • 〜てしまう / 〜ちゃうN42 times in this passage

    Verb te-form plus しまう, marking an action as fully completed or done regrettably/by accident — 'end up ...ing' / 'finish ...ing'; ちゃう/じゃう is the casual contraction.

    それが水に流れ出たり、熱で壊れたりしてしまう。

    It can leach out into the water or be broken down by heat.

  • と思う（とおもう）N4

    Quotative plus 'think', stating the speaker's opinion or guess — 'I think that'.

    これらのことを考えて、④一番いいと思う方法を選ぶといいだろう。

    Taking all of these points into consideration, you should choose ④the method you think is best.

  • だろうN53 times in this passage

    Presumptive expressing conjecture — 'probably', 'I think', or seeking agreement 'right?'; plain だろう / polite でしょう.

    玉ねぎを切るとき、涙が出て困った経験はだれにでもあるだろう。

    Everyone has probably had the troublesome experience of tearing up while cutting an onion.

  • 〜ているN52 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    ①涙が出る原因、玉ねぎの中に入っている「アリシン」である。

    ①The cause of the tears is “allicin,” which is contained in onions.

  • がありますN54 times in this passage

    States the existence or possession of an inanimate thing, "there is / to have".

    アリシンは、常温で空気中に出ていく性質があり、玉ねぎを切るときに飛び出す。

    Allicin has the property of escaping into the air at room temperature, and it is released when an onion is cut.

  • そしてN5

    Additive/sequential conjunction joining clauses, 'and / and then'.

    そして、呼吸したりするときに体の中に入ってきて、涙を出させるのである。

    Then, when we breathe, it enters the body and causes tears to come out.

  • 〜たり〜たりN57 times in this passage

    Lists a few representative actions among others done at various times, 'do things like X and Y'.

    そして、呼吸したりするときに体の中に入ってきて、涙を出させるのである。

    Then, when we breathe, it enters the body and causes tears to come out.

  • のでN5

    Gives a reason or cause with a soft, objective/polite nuance — 'because / since'.

    そして、呼吸したりするときに体の中に入ってきて、涙を出させるのである。

    Then, when we breathe, it enters the body and causes tears to come out.

  • 〜てからN5

    Marks that one action finishes, and only afterward does the next one happen — “after doing”.

    E　包丁に熱湯をかけてから切る。

    E　Pour boiling water over the knife before cutting.

  • もうN5

    The adverb "already" (with an affirmative), or "(not) anymore / any longer" (with a negative).

    もう一つは、アリシンが空気中に出るのを防ぐタイプで、こちらはアリシンの性質を利用する方法だ。

    The other type prevents allicin from being released into the air, and these methods make use of allicin's properties.

  • しかしN5

    Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

    しかし、実はアリシンは体にいいものなのだ。

    However, allicin is actually good for the body.

  • 一番（いちばん）N5

    Marks the superlative, singling out the top item in a group — "the most / the best / number one".

    これらのことを考えて、④一番いいと思う方法を選ぶといいだろう。

    Taking all of these points into consideration, you should choose ④the method you think is best.

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