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N1 · AdvancedMedium passagePassage #304
2

しゅしょうからにんグループれいのうしゃ一般いっぱんひとまでが、きゅうこえそろえてありがとうありがとう」とれんするようなったかんあるいったいどうしてなのだろう。そしてこのげんしょうほんにんが「ありがとう」とかんしゃするだけなくひとにも「ありがとうかんしゃべきだ」というくうつくっているようにもおも。(ちゅうりゃく

かんしゃこころ」とすすめるろんおおつぎせいかつなかちょっとしたあんしんぱいあったとしても、とにかくこのかいことたいせきなのだからまずはそこかんしゃするべきなのだ。そしてたとえさいこうじんせいあゆいなくても、とりあえずぢかぞくゆうじんいるならそのひとに「ありがとうというよいこれたいは、あるせいろんなのだが、ないじつ(注1)は、「たとえしあわとはじょうたいあっても、かんしゃするべきなのですというメッセージにもなってしまっている。(ちゅうりゃく

いくらくるじょうきょうでもとりあえずかんしゃせよ、とことで、ほんらいぞくしゃかいあるいはときけんりょくたいべきだっもんおこなはずだっこうも①くち、「これうんめいなんだ」としまうひとしまうのではないだろうか。そうしたありがとう」のは、結局けっきょくくるのはぶんばかりというせきにんかんがかたことなる

(やまリカ『「なや」のしょうたいいわなみしんしょによる

ちゅう1)ないじつないじつじょうほんとう

Questions

0/3 answered
  1. 1最近どんな人が増えていると筆者は述べているか。
  2. 2口に出せずという状態になるのはなぜか。
  3. 3この文章で筆者が最も言いたいことはどれか。

Study this passage

Vocabulary12 words
  • 日々ひび
    • ·daily; everyday
    • ·days (e.g. of one's youth)
    • ·every day; day after day; day by day; from day to day
    N1
  • たとえ
    • ·even if; no matter (what); if; though; although; supposing; supposing that; -ever
    N1
  • 歩むあゆむAs it appears here: 歩んで
    • ·to walk; to go on foot
    • ·to tread (a figurative path); to follow; to lead (a life); to experience
    • ·to advance towards (e.g. a solution); to set out (e.g. on the path to destruction, ruin, etc.); to embark (on the road to ...)
    N1
  • とりあえず
    • ·first of all; at once; right away
    • ·for now; for the time being; tentatively
    • ·anyway; at least
    N1
  • 身近みぢか
    • ·near oneself; close to one; familiar
    N1
  • 権力けんりょく
    • ·(political) power; authority; influence
    N1
  • 抗議こうぎ
    • ·protest; objection
    N1
  • 運命うんめい
    • ·fate; destiny; lot
    N1
  • 受け入れるうけいれるAs it appears here: 受け入れて
    • ·to accept; to receive; to agree
    N1
  • 悩みなやみ
    • ·trouble; troubles; worry; distress; sorrows; anguish; agony; problem
    N1
  • 内部ないぶ
    • ·interior; inside; internal
    N1
  • 実情じつじょう
    • ·real condition; actual circumstances; actual state of affairs
    N1
Other levels68 words
  • こえ
    • ·voice
    • ·singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); hoot
    • ·voice; opinion (as expressed in words); view; wish; attitude; will
    • ·sound
    • ·sense (of something's arrival); feeling
    • ·voice; voiced sound
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なった
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • ある
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • どうして
    • ·how; in what way; by what means
    • ·why; for what reason; for what purpose; what for
    • ·cannot possibly
    • ·no way
    N5
  • この
    • ·this
    • ·last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this
    • ·you (as in "you liar")
    N5
  • ひと
    • ·person; someone; somebody
    • ·human beings; mankind; man; people; humans
    • ·human (Homo sapiens)
    • ·(other) people; others
    • ·character; personality; nature
    • ·capable person; competent person; suitable person; right person
    • ·adult; grown-up
    • ·I; me; one
    N5
  • するAs it appears here:
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • つくるAs it appears here: つくって
    • ·to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct
    • ·to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol)
    • ·to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train
    • ·to till
    • ·to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write
    • ·to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose
    • ·to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found
    • ·to have (a child)
    • ·to make up (one's face, etc.)
    • ·to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
    • ·to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion
    • ·to form (a line, etc.)
    • ·to set (a record)
    • ·to commit (a sin, etc.)
    N5
  • 持つもつAs it appears here: 持とう
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • 言ういう
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • なか
    • ·inside; interior
    • ·among; within
    • ·middle; center; centre
    • ·during; while; middle; midst; amid
    • ·interval; gap
    • ·mean; average
    • ·second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes); middle
    • ·medium grade; medium quality
    • ·red-light district
    N5
  • あるAs it appears here: あった
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • 生まれるうまれるAs it appears here: 生まれた
    • ·to be born
    N5
  • そこ
    • ·there (place relatively near listener)
    • ·there (place just mentioned); that place
    • ·then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised)
    • ·you
    N5
  • 家族かぞく
    • ·family
    N5
  • いる
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • 持つもつAs it appears here: 持てば
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • よい
    • ·good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
    • ·sufficient; enough; ready; prepared
    • ·profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
    • ·OK; all right; fine; no problem
    • ·easy to ...
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • 意味いみ
    • ·meaning; significance; sense
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なって
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • いくら
    • ·how much
    • ·something over; and something; -odd
    • ·however (much); no matter how
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: せよ
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 言ういうAs it appears here: 言われる
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • 持つもつ
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • くち
    • ·mouth
    • ·opening; hole; gap; orifice
    • ·mouth (of a bottle); spout; nozzle; mouthpiece
    • ·gate; door; entrance; exit
    • ·speaking; speech; talk (i.e. gossip)
    • ·taste; palate
    • ·mouth (to feed)
    • ·opening (i.e. vacancy); available position
    • ·invitation; summons
    • ·kind; sort; type
    • ·opening (i.e. beginning)
    • ·counter for mouthfuls, shares (of money) and stove burners
    • ·counter for swords, blades, etc.
    N5
  • 出せるだせるAs it appears here: 出せ
    • ·to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out
    • ·to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out
    • ·to move forward
    • ·to come to; to get to; to lead to; to reach
    • ·to appear; to come out; to emerge; to surface; to come forth; to turn up; to be found; to be detected; to be discovered; to be exposed; to show; to be exhibited; to be on display
    • ·to appear (in print); to be published; to be announced; to be issued; to be listed; to come out
    • ·to attend; to participate; to take part; to enter (an event); to play in; to perform
    • ·to be stated; to be expressed; to come up; to be brought up; to be raised
    • ·to sell
    • ·to exceed; to go over
    • ·to stick out; to protrude
    • ·to break out; to occur; to start; to originate
    • ·to be produced
    • ·to come from; to be derived from
    • ·to be given; to get; to receive; to be offered; to be provided; to be presented; to be submitted; to be handed in; to be turned in; to be paid
    • ·to answer (phone, door, etc.); to get
    • ·to assume (an attitude); to act; to behave
    • ·to pick up (speed, etc.); to gain
    • ·to flow (e.g. tears); to run; to bleed
    • ·to graduate
    • ·to ejaculate; to cum
    N5
  • 自分じぶん
    • ·myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself
    • ·I; me
    • ·you
    N5
  • なる
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • 空気くうき
    • ·air; atmosphere
    • ·mood; situation
    • ·someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
    N4
  • こころ
    • ·mind; heart; spirit
    • ·the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
    N4
  • 生活せいかつ
    • ·life; living
    • ·livelihood; (one's) living
    N4
  • 世界せかい
    • ·the world; society; the universe
    • ·sphere; circle; world
    • ·world-renowned; world-famous
    • ·realm governed by one Buddha; space
    N4
  • 気持ちきもち
    • ·feeling; sensation; mood; state of mind
    • ·preparedness; readiness; attitude
    • ·thought; sentiment; consideration; solicitude; gratitude
    • ·slightly; a bit; a little
    N4
  • 社会しゃかい
    • ·society; public; community; the world
    • ·social studies
    N4
  • 行うおこなう
    • ·to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
    N4
  • はず
    • ·should (be); bound (to be); expected (to be); must (be)
    • ·nock (of a bow)
    • ·nock (of an arrow)
    • ·nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger)
    • ·wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
    N4
  • 増えるふえるAs it appears here: 増えて
    • ·to increase; to multiply
    N4
  • 向かうむかう
    • ·to face
    • ·to go towards; to head towards
    N4
  • 首相しゅしょう
    • ·prime minister; chancellor (Germany, Austria, etc.); premier
    N3
  • 人気にんき
    • ·popularity; public favor
    • ·condition (e.g. market); tone; character; nature
    N3
  • 一般いっぱん
    • ·general; universal
    • ·ordinary; average; common; non-celebrity
    • ·the same; no different; (just) as if
    N3
  • 急にきゅうに
    • ·swiftly; rapidly; quickly; immediately; hastily; hurriedly
    • ·suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly
    • ·sharply (of a slope, bend, etc.); steeply
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • いったい
    • ·(what) the heck; (why) in the world; (who) on earth; (where) the hell; (how) the hell
    • ·one object; one body; one unit; one group; one mass
    • ·one form; one style; one format; one fashion
    • ·one Buddhist image; one carving; one sculpture
    • ·one corpse; one sample (of bones, remains, etc.)
    • ·generally; in general; on the whole; by and large; for the most part
    • ·strictly speaking; in the first place; originally; to begin with
    N3
  • 現象げんしょう
    • ·phenomenon
    N3
  • 本人ほんにん
    • ·the person in question; the person themselves; said person
    N3
  • 感謝かんしゃ
    • ·thanks; gratitude; appreciation; thankfulness
    N3
  • すすめる
    • ·to advance; to move forward; to put (a clock, watch) forward
    • ·to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to make progress in; to further; to advance; to hasten; to speed up
    • ·to raise; to elevate; to promote; to develop; to stimulate (e.g. one's appetite)
    N3
  • 不安ふあん
    • ·anxiety; uneasiness; worry; apprehension; fear; insecurity; suspense
    N3
  • 心配しんぱい
    • ·worry; concern; anxiety; uneasiness; fear
    • ·care; help; aid; assistance
    N3
  • とにかく
    • ·anyway; anyhow; at any rate; in any case; at least; just
    • ·setting aside ...; regardless of ...
    • ·really; truly; certainly; definitely; undeniably
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • 最高さいこう
    • ·best; supreme; wonderful; finest
    • ·highest; maximum; most; uppermost; supreme
    N3
  • 人生じんせい
    • ·(one's) life
    N3
  • 友人ゆうじん
    • ·friend
    N3
  • 幸せしあわせ
    • ·happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
    N3
  • 状態じょうたい
    • ·state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances
    N3
  • 苦しいくるしい
    • ·painful; difficult; tough; hard
    • ·distressing; (psychologically) difficult; stressful; awkward (e.g. position)
    • ·straitened (circumstances); tight (financial situation); needy; struggling
    • ·strained (interpretation, explanation, etc.); lame (e.g. excuse); forced (e.g. smile); far-fetched
    • ·hard to do; unpleasant
    N3
  • 状況じょうきょう
    • ·state of affairs; situation; conditions; circumstances
    N3
  • あるいは
    • ·or; either ... or
    • ·maybe; perhaps; possibly
    • ·some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...
    N3
  • 疑問ぎもん
    • ·doubt; question; suspicion; dubiousness
    N3
  • ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • そろえるAs it appears here: そろえて
    • ·to collect; to gather; to get together; to complete (a collection)
    • ·to arrange; to put in order; to prepare; to get ready
    • ·to make uniform; to make even; to match
    N2
  • 本来ほんらい
    • ·originally; primarily
    • ·essentially; intrinsically; naturally; by nature; in (and of) itself
    • ·proper; rightful; legal; normal
    N2
  • 背負うせおう
    • ·to carry on one's back
    • ·to be burdened with; to take responsibility for
    • ·to have (something) in the background; to be in front (of something)
    • ·to be conceited; to think highly of oneself
    N2
Grammar1 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • だの~だのN15 times in this passage

    Reduplicated listing particle citing examples with a tone of complaint or exasperation ("what with X and Y and all that").

    いったいどうしてなのだろう。

    Why on earth is that?

Other levels27 patterns
  • としてもN2

    Concessive hypothetical attached to a plain form; 'even if / even supposing (that)'.

    日々の生活の中にちょっとした不安や心配があったとしても、とにかくこの世界に生まれたこと自体か奇跡なのだから、まずはそこに感謝するべきなのだ。

    Even if there are small anxieties or worries in daily life, the very fact that one was born into this world is a miracle, so one should first be grateful for that.

  • あるいはN2

    Presents an alternative or a possibility — 'or; or perhaps; alternatively'.

    いくら苦しい状況でもとりあえず感謝せよ、と言われることで、本来、家族や社会あるいは時の権力に対して持つべきだった疑問、行うはずだった抗議も①口に出せず、「これも運命なんだ」と受け入れてしまう人も増えてしまうのではないだろうか。

    When people are told to be grateful no matter how painful their circumstances are, might more and more of them become unable to ① voice the doubts they should have had about their families, society, or the authorities of the time, or to make the protests they should have made, and instead accept it all by saying, “This too is my fate”?

  • に向かってN2

    Indicates the direction, goal, or target that motion or an action is aimed at; 'toward / facing'.

    そうした「ありがとう」の押しつけは、結局のところ、苦しみを背負うのは自分ばかりという自己責任の考え方に向かうことになる。

    Such an imposition of “thank you” ultimately leads toward the idea of personal responsibility, in which the suffering one bears is regarded as one's own responsibility alone.

  • だけでなくN3

    Correlative adding a further item beyond the one stated — 'not only ... (but also)'.

    そして、この現象は本人が「ありがとう」と感謝するだけでなく、他の人にも「ありがとうと感謝すべきだ」という空気をつくっているようにも思える。

    Moreover, this phenomenon seems not only to involve people themselves expressing gratitude by saying “thank you,” but also to create an atmosphere in which others are expected to “be grateful and say thank you.”

  • べきだN3

    States what one ought to do as the right or expected course of action — 'should / ought to'.

    そして、この現象は本人が「ありがとう」と感謝するだけでなく、他の人にも「ありがとうと感謝すべきだ」という空気をつくっているようにも思える。

    Moreover, this phenomenon seems not only to involve people themselves expressing gratitude by saying “thank you,” but also to create an atmosphere in which others are expected to “be grateful and say thank you.”

  • というN35 times in this passage

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    そして、この現象は本人が「ありがとう」と感謝するだけでなく、他の人にも「ありがとうと感謝すべきだ」という空気をつくっているようにも思える。

    Moreover, this phenomenon seems not only to involve people themselves expressing gratitude by saying “thank you,” but also to create an atmosphere in which others are expected to “be grateful and say thank you.”

  • たとえ〜てもN32 times in this passage

    Concessive 'even if / even though' — sets up a hypothetical or fact that does not change the outcome.

    そして、たとえ最高の人生を歩んでいなくても、とりあえず身近に家族や友人がいるなら、その人たちに「ありがとう」という気持ちを持てばよい。

    And even if one is not living the best possible life, if one at least has family or friends nearby, one should feel “thank you” toward them.

  • に対してN3

    Marks the target or object an action is directed at, or sets up a contrast between two things, 'toward / with regard to / in contrast to'.

    いくら苦しい状況でもとりあえず感謝せよ、と言われることで、本来、家族や社会あるいは時の権力に対して持つべきだった疑問、行うはずだった抗議も①口に出せず、「これも運命なんだ」と受け入れてしまう人も増えてしまうのではないだろうか。

    When people are told to be grateful no matter how painful their circumstances are, might more and more of them become unable to ① voice the doubts they should have had about their families, society, or the authorities of the time, or to make the protests they should have made, and instead accept it all by saying, “This too is my fate”?

  • 結局(けっきょく)N3

    Sums up the eventual outcome after a process or deliberation, 'in the end / after all'.

    そうした「ありがとう」の押しつけは、結局のところ、苦しみを背負うのは自分ばかりという自己責任の考え方に向かうことになる。

    Such an imposition of “thank you” ultimately leads toward the idea of personal responsibility, in which the suffering one bears is regarded as one's own responsibility alone.

  • によって/によるN3

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    (香山リカ『「悩み」の正体』岩波新書による

    (From Kayama Rika, The True Nature of “Worries,” Iwanami Shinsho)

  • 急にN4

    Adverb describing that something happens abruptly and without warning; 'suddenly / all of a sudden.'

    首相から人気グループ、霊能者、一般の人たちまでが、急に声をそろえて「ありがとう、ありがとう」と連呼するようになった感がある。

    From the prime minister and popular groups to spiritualists and ordinary people, it seems that everyone has suddenly begun chanting “thank you, thank you” in unison.

  • ようになるN4

    Expresses a gradual change reaching a new state or acquired ability, "come to / become able to".

    首相から人気グループ、霊能者、一般の人たちまでが、急に声をそろえて「ありがとう、ありがとう」と連呼するようになった感がある。

    From the prime minister and popular groups to spiritualists and ordinary people, it seems that everyone has suddenly begun chanting “thank you, thank you” in unison.

  • ように / ようなN4

    Likens or exemplifies one thing by another, "like / as / similar to (a)".

    「感謝の心を持とう」とすすめる論の多くは次のように言う。

    Many arguments urging people to “have a grateful heart” say the following.

  • てもN42 times in this passage

    Concessive — 'even if / even though …'; the main clause holds regardless of the te-clause.

    そして、たとえ最高の人生を歩んでいなくても、とりあえず身近に家族や友人がいるなら、その人たちに「ありがとう」という気持ちを持てばよい。

    And even if one is not living the best possible life, if one at least has family or friends nearby, one should feel “thank you” toward them.

  • 〜てしまう / 〜ちゃうN43 times in this passage

    Verb te-form plus しまう, marking an action as fully completed or done regrettably/by accident — 'end up ...ing' / 'finish ...ing'; ちゃう/じゃう is the casual contraction.

    これ自体は、ある意味で正論なのだが、内実は、「たとえ幸せとは言えない状態であっても、感謝するべきなのです」というメッセージにもなってしまっている。

    In a sense, this itself is a reasonable argument, but in substance it can also become the message, “Even if you are in a situation that cannot be called happy, you should still be grateful.”

  • はずだN4

    Expresses the speaker's reasoned confidence that something is or should be the case — 'should, ought to, is supposed to'.

    いくら苦しい状況でもとりあえず感謝せよ、と言われることで、本来、家族や社会あるいは時の権力に対して持つべきだった疑問、行うはずだった抗議も①口に出せず、「これも運命なんだ」と受け入れてしまう人も増えてしまうのではないだろうか。

    When people are told to be grateful no matter how painful their circumstances are, might more and more of them become unable to ① voice the doubts they should have had about their families, society, or the authorities of the time, or to make the protests they should have made, and instead accept it all by saying, “This too is my fate”?

  • ばかりN4

    Limits or emphasizes a thing — 'only / nothing but' — or after a past-tense verb means 'just (finished) doing.'

    そうした「ありがとう」の押しつけは、結局のところ、苦しみを背負うのは自分ばかりという自己責任の考え方に向かうことになる。

    Such an imposition of “thank you” ultimately leads toward the idea of personal responsibility, in which the suffering one bears is regarded as one's own responsibility alone.

  • ことになるN4

    Expresses that something has been decided or comes about, often through external circumstances rather than the speaker's own will; 'it has been decided that / it turns out that.'

    そうした「ありがとう」の押しつけは、結局のところ、苦しみを背負うのは自分ばかりという自己責任の考え方に向かうことになる

    Such an imposition of “thank you” ultimately leads toward the idea of personal responsibility, in which the suffering one bears is regarded as one's own responsibility alone.

  • までN5

    Particle marking the spatial, temporal, or extent limit of an action — "until / up to / as far as."

    首相から人気グループ、霊能者、一般の人たちまでが、急に声をそろえて「ありがとう、ありがとう」と連呼するようになった感がある。

    From the prime minister and popular groups to spiritualists and ordinary people, it seems that everyone has suddenly begun chanting “thank you, thank you” in unison.

  • がありますN52 times in this passage

    States the existence or possession of an inanimate thing, "there is / to have".

    首相から人気グループ、霊能者、一般の人たちまでが、急に声をそろえて「ありがとう、ありがとう」と連呼するようになった感がある

    From the prime minister and popular groups to spiritualists and ordinary people, it seems that everyone has suddenly begun chanting “thank you, thank you” in unison.

  • どうしてN5

    Asks the reason for something, "why / how come".

    いったいどうしてなのだろう。

    Why on earth is that?

  • だろうN52 times in this passage

    Presumptive expressing conjecture — 'probably', 'I think', or seeking agreement 'right?'; plain だろう / polite でしょう.

    いったいどうしてなのだろう

    Why on earth is that?

  • そしてN52 times in this passage

    Additive/sequential conjunction joining clauses, 'and / and then'.

    そして、この現象は本人が「ありがとう」と感謝するだけでなく、他の人にも「ありがとうと感謝すべきだ」という空気をつくっているようにも思える。

    Moreover, this phenomenon seems not only to involve people themselves expressing gratitude by saying “thank you,” but also to create an atmosphere in which others are expected to “be grateful and say thank you.”

  • 〜ているN52 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    そして、この現象は本人が「ありがとう」と感謝するだけでなく、他の人にも「ありがとうと感謝すべきだ」という空気をつくっているようにも思える。

    Moreover, this phenomenon seems not only to involve people themselves expressing gratitude by saying “thank you,” but also to create an atmosphere in which others are expected to “be grateful and say thank you.”

  • だ / ですN5

    The copula linking a noun or na-adjective to the subject — plain だ / polite です, 'is/am/are'.

    これ自体は、ある意味で正論なのだが、内実は、「たとえ幸せとは言えない状態であっても、感謝するべきなのです」というメッセージにもなってしまっている。

    In a sense, this itself is a reasonable argument, but in substance it can also become the message, “Even if you are in a situation that cannot be called happy, you should still be grateful.”

  • んですN5

    Explanatory ending that supplies a reason, context, or emphasis — 'the thing is…', 'it's that…'.

    いくら苦しい状況でもとりあえず感謝せよ、と言われることで、本来、家族や社会あるいは時の権力に対して持つべきだった疑問、行うはずだった抗議も①口に出せず、「これも運命なんだ」と受け入れてしまう人も増えてしまうのではないだろうか。

    When people are told to be grateful no matter how painful their circumstances are, might more and more of them become unable to ① voice the doubts they should have had about their families, society, or the authorities of the time, or to make the protests they should have made, and instead accept it all by saying, “This too is my fate”?

  • じゃない・ではないN5

    Negates a noun or na-adjective with the copula, "is not / am not".

    いくら苦しい状況でもとりあえず感謝せよ、と言われることで、本来、家族や社会あるいは時の権力に対して持つべきだった疑問、行うはずだった抗議も①口に出せず、「これも運命なんだ」と受け入れてしまう人も増えてしまうのではないだろうか。

    When people are told to be grateful no matter how painful their circumstances are, might more and more of them become unable to ① voice the doubts they should have had about their families, society, or the authorities of the time, or to make the protests they should have made, and instead accept it all by saying, “This too is my fate”?

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