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N3 · IntermediateLong passagePassage #270
2

昨日きのう、水すい産さん総そう合ごう研けん究きゅうセンターがウナギ（注1）の完かん全ぜん養よう殖しょくに成せい功こうした、と発表はっぴょうした。養よう殖しょくというのは、人じん工こう的てきに育そだてたり増ふやしたりすることだが、完かん全ぜん養よう殖しょくというのは、人じん工こう的てきに卵たまごからふ化かした（注2）子こどもを親おやになるまで育そだて、それが生うんだ卵たまごをまたふ化かさせて育そだてていくという循じゅん環かん（注3）を作つくることだ。

日本人にっぽんじんはウナギをよく食たべるが、ウナギがどこで生うまれ、育そだち、死しぬのか、長ながい間あいだ謎なぞだった。それが、日本にっぽんから数すう千せんキロ離はなれた北きた太たい平へい洋ようの西せい部ぶで生うまれるということが、大だい学がくなどの調ちょう査さで2年ねん前まえに明あきらかになった。

今いま、私わたしたちが食たべているウナギは、数すう千せんキロも泳およいで日本にっぽんにやってくるシラスウナギ（ウナギの子こども）を捕つかまえて、養よう殖しょくで育そだてたものだ。このシラスウナギの量りょうが最さい近きん非ひ常じょうに減へってきている。

スーパーなどでは、海かい外がいから輸ゆ入にゅうした安やすいウナギもたくさん売うられるようになってきたが、日本にっぽん産さんのウナギを求もとめる消しょう費ひ者しゃは多おおい。ウナギを安あん定ていして供きょう給きゅうするには、この完かん全ぜん養よう殖しょくが絶ぜっ対たい的てきに必ひつ要ようだと言いわれていた。

8年ねん前まえに、卵たまごからシラスウナギまで育そだてることには成せい功こうしていた。それが今こん回かい、そのシラスウナギが親おやになって卵たまごを生うみ、その卵たまごがふ化かして成せい長ちょうしているのだ。これは世せ界かい初はつの成せい功こうである。

天てん然ねんウナギが減へっている中なか、天てん然ねんウナギに頼たよらないで、ウナギを再さい生せい産さんできることが示しめされたということだ。

（水すい産さん総そう合ごう研けん究きゅう所しょのホームページを参さん照しょう2010年ねん7月つき）

（注ちゅう1）ウナギ：魚うおの名な前まえ

（注ちゅう2）ふ化かする：魚さかなや鳥とりなどの卵たまごから子こどもが出でてくること

（注ちゅう3）循じゅん環かん：一ひと回まわりして元もとに戻もどることをくり返かえすこと

Questions

0/4 answered
  1. 1ウナギの完全養殖の説明として正しいのはどれか。
  2. 2世界初の成功であるとあるが、それはどれか。
  3. 3ウナギについて、日本では今後どうなると述べているか。
  4. 4上の文章の内容と違うものはどれか。

Study this passage

Vocabulary23 words
  • 成功せいこう
    • ·success; achievement
    • ·succeeding (in life); (worldly) success; prosperity
    N3
  • 発表はっぴょう
    • ·announcement; publication; presenting; statement; communique; making known; breaking (news story); expressing (one's opinion); releasing; unveiling
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • 育つそだつAs it appears here: 育ち
    • ·to be raised (e.g. child); to be brought up; to grow (up)
    N3
  • 謎なぞ
    • ·riddle; puzzle; enigma; mystery
    • ·enigmatic; mysterious
    N3
  • 離れるはなれるAs it appears here: 離れた
    • ·to be separated; to be apart; to be distant
    • ·to leave; to go away
    • ·to leave (a job, etc.); to quit; to give up
    • ·to lose connection with; to drift away from
    N3
  • 調査ちょうさ
    • ·investigation; examination; inquiry; enquiry; survey
    N3
  • 明らかあきらか
    • ·clear; obvious; evident; plain; definite
    • ·bright; light
    N3
  • 量りょう
    • ·quantity; amount; volume; capacity; portion (of food)
    • ·generosity; magnanimity; tolerance
    • ·pramana (means by which one gains accurate and valid knowledge; in Indian philosophy)
    N3
  • 減るへるAs it appears here: 減って
    • ·to decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abate
    N3
  • 海外かいがい
    • ·foreign; abroad; overseas
    N3
  • 輸入ゆにゅう
    • ·import; importation; introduction
    • ·afferent
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • 求めるもとめる
    • ·to want; to wish for
    • ·to request; to demand; to require; to ask for
    • ·to seek; to search for; to look for; to pursue (pleasure); to hunt (a job); to find (a solution)
    • ·to purchase; to buy
    N3
  • 安定あんてい
    • ·stability; steadiness; consistency; equilibrium; balance; composure
    • ·stable
    N3
  • 供給きょうきゅう
    • ·supply; provision
    N3
  • 今回こんかい
    • ·this time; now
    N3
  • 成長せいちょう
    • ·growth; development; growing up; becoming an adult
    • ·growth (of a company, the economy, etc.)
    N3
  • 天然てんねん
    • ·nature; spontaneity
    • ·natural airhead
    N3
  • 頼るたよるAs it appears here: 頼らないで
    • ·to rely on; to depend on; to count on; to turn to (for help)
    N3
  • 示すしめすAs it appears here: 示された
    • ·to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to tell; to exemplify; to make apparent
    • ·to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.)
    • ·to indicate; to show; to represent; to signify; to display
    N3
  • 月つき
    • ·Moon
    • ·month
    • ·moonlight
    • ·(a) moon; natural satellite
    N3
  • 注ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
Other levels56 words
  • 昨日きのう
    • ·yesterday
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: した
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 卵たまご
    • ·eggs; egg; spawn; roe
    • ·(hen's) egg
    • ·a ... in the making; future (lawyer, doctor, etc.); budding ...
    • ·beginning; origin; infancy
    N5
  • なる
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • また
    • ·again; once more; once again; another time; some other time
    • ·also; too; as well; likewise
    • ·on the other hand; while
    • ·and; in addition; besides; moreover; furthermore
    • ·or; otherwise
    • ·really; how; (what, why) on earth
    • ·some time (in the future)
    • ·indirect
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: させて
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 作るつくる
    • ·to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct
    • ·to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol)
    • ·to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train
    • ·to till
    • ·to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write
    • ·to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose
    • ·to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found
    • ·to have (a child)
    • ·to make up (one's face, etc.)
    • ·to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
    • ·to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion
    • ·to form (a line, etc.)
    • ·to set (a record)
    • ·to commit (a sin, etc.)
    N5
  • よく
    • ·nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully
    • ·frequently; often
    • ·I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
    • ·(you have) quite the nerve to; I don't know how you can ...
    N5
  • 食べるたべる
    • ·to eat
    • ·to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
    N5
  • どこ
    • ·where; what place
    • ·how much (long, far); what extent
    N5
  • 生まれるうまれるAs it appears here: 生まれ
    • ·to be born
    N5
  • 死ぬしぬ
    • ·to die; to pass away
    • ·to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to look dead
    • ·to cease; to stop
    N5
  • 生まれるうまれる
    • ·to be born
    N5
  • 大学だいがく
    • ·university; college
    • ·former imperial university of Japan (established under the ritsuryō system for the training of government administrators)
    • ·the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
    N5
  • 前まえ
    • ·in front (of); before (e.g. a building)
    • ·before; earlier; previously; prior; ago; (minutes) to (the hour)
    • ·(the) front; frontal part; fore; head (e.g. of a line)
    • ·forward; ahead
    • ·(in the) presence (of); in front (of someone)
    • ·previous (e.g. page); prior (e.g. engagement); first (e.g. half); former (e.g. example)
    • ·portion; helping
    • ·front (of one's body or clothing); breast (of a coat, kimono, etc.)
    • ·privates; private parts
    • ·criminal record; previous conviction; (a) prior
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なった
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • 今いま
    • ·now; the present time; just now; soon; immediately
    • ·another; more
    N5
  • 食べるたべるAs it appears here: 食べて
    • ·to eat
    • ·to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
    N5
  • 泳ぐおよぐAs it appears here: 泳いで
    • ·to swim
    • ·to struggle through (a crowd)
    • ·to make one's way through the world; to get along (in life)
    • ·to totter; to lose one's balance
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • この
    • ·this
    • ·last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this
    • ·you (as in "you liar")
    N5
  • 安いやすい
    • ·cheap; inexpensive
    • ·calm; peaceful; quiet
    N5
  • たくさん
    • ·a lot; lots; plenty; many; a large number; much; a great deal; a good deal
    • ·enough; sufficient
    • ·enough; too many; too much
    N5
  • 売るうるAs it appears here: 売られる
    • ·to sell
    • ·to betray; to sell out (one's friend, country, etc.)
    • ·to make (oneself) known; to establish (a reputation) for oneself
    • ·to pick (a fight, quarrel, etc.); to provoke; to force on someone
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なって
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • 多いおおい
    • ·many; numerous; a lot
    • ·large amount of; large quantity of; a lot; much
    • ·frequent; common
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 言ういうAs it appears here: 言われて
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • 中なか
    • ·inside; interior
    • ·among; within
    • ·middle; center; centre
    • ·during; while; middle; midst; amid
    • ·interval; gap
    • ·mean; average
    • ·second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes); middle
    • ·medium grade; medium quality
    • ·red-light district
    N5
  • できる
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • 名前なまえ
    • ·name
    • ·given name; first name
    N5
  • 魚さかな
    • ·fish
    N5
  • 鳥とり
    • ·bird
    • ·bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
    N5
  • 出るでるAs it appears here: 出て
    • ·to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out
    • ·to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out
    • ·to move forward
    • ·to come to; to get to; to lead to; to reach
    • ·to appear; to come out; to emerge; to surface; to come forth; to turn up; to be found; to be detected; to be discovered; to be exposed; to show; to be exhibited; to be on display
    • ·to appear (in print); to be published; to be announced; to be issued; to be listed; to come out
    • ·to attend; to participate; to take part; to enter (an event); to play in; to perform
    • ·to be stated; to be expressed; to come up; to be brought up; to be raised
    • ·to sell
    • ·to exceed; to go over
    • ·to stick out; to protrude
    • ·to break out; to occur; to start; to originate
    • ·to be produced
    • ·to come from; to be derived from
    • ·to be given; to get; to receive; to be offered; to be provided; to be presented; to be submitted; to be handed in; to be turned in; to be paid
    • ·to answer (phone, door, etc.); to get
    • ·to assume (an attitude); to act; to behave
    • ·to pick up (speed, etc.); to gain
    • ·to flow (e.g. tears); to run; to bleed
    • ·to graduate
    • ·to ejaculate; to cum
    N5
  • くるAs it appears here: くり
    • ·to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive
    • ·to come back; to do ... and come back
    • ·to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue
    • ·to come from; to be caused by; to derive from
    • ·to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")
    N5
  • 返すかえす
    • ·to return (something); to restore; to put back
    • ·to turn over; to turn upside down; to overturn
    • ·to pay back; to retaliate; to reciprocate
    • ·to respond (with); to retort; to reply; to say back
    • ·to do ... back (e.g. speak back, throw back)
    • ·to do again; to do repeatedly
    N5
  • 研究けんきゅう
    • ·research; study; investigation
    N4
  • 育てるそだてるAs it appears here: 育てたり
    • ·to raise; to rear; to bring up
    • ·to train; to teach; to educate
    • ·to promote the growth of; to nurture; to foster; to develop
    N4
  • 親おや
    • ·parent; parents; mother and father
    • ·dealer; banker
    • ·founder; inventor
    • ·(pet) owner
    • ·key; parent (organization); main
    • ·ancestor; forefather
    N4
  • 育てるそだてるAs it appears here: 育て
    • ·to raise; to rear; to bring up
    • ·to train; to teach; to educate
    • ·to promote the growth of; to nurture; to foster; to develop
    N4
  • 育てるそだてるAs it appears here: 育てて
    • ·to raise; to rear; to bring up
    • ·to train; to teach; to educate
    • ·to promote the growth of; to nurture; to foster; to develop
    N4
  • 捕まえるつかまえるAs it appears here: 捕まえて
    • ·to catch; to capture; to arrest; to seize; to restrain
    • ·to grab; to clutch; to grasp; to seize; to hold on to
    • ·to catch hold of (someone); to stop (e.g. a stranger in the street); to hail (a taxi, waiter, etc.); to hold (someone) back; to detain
    • ·towards (someone); at (someone); in (someone's) face
    N4
  • 育てるそだてるAs it appears here: 育てた
    • ·to raise; to rear; to bring up
    • ·to train; to teach; to educate
    • ·to promote the growth of; to nurture; to foster; to develop
    N4
  • 最近さいきん
    • ·recently; lately; these days; nowadays; right now
    • ·nearest; closest
    N4
  • 非常にひじょうに
    • ·very; extremely; exceedingly
    N4
  • 必要ひつよう
    • ·necessary; needed; essential; indispensable
    • ·necessity; need; requirement
    N4
  • 育てるそだてる
    • ·to raise; to rear; to bring up
    • ·to train; to teach; to educate
    • ·to promote the growth of; to nurture; to foster; to develop
    N4
  • 水産すいさん
    • ·aquatic products; fisheries
    N2
  • 増やすふやすAs it appears here: 増やしたり
    • ·to increase; to add to; to augment
    N2
  • 循環じゅんかん
    • ·circulation; rotation; cycle; loop
    N2
  • 総合そうごう
    • ·synthesis; combination; integration; putting together
    • ·general; combined; composite; mixed; integrated; comprehensive
    • ·synthesis; colligation
    N1
  • 参照さんしょう
    • ·reference (e.g. to a dictionary, passage, footnotes); consultation; comparison
    • ·browsing (to a file or folder)
    N1
Grammar5 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • というのはN32 times in this passage

    Introduces an explanation or definition of the topic just named — 'the thing called…' / 'what … means is'.

    養殖というのは、人工的に育てたり増やしたりすることだが、完全養殖というのは、人工的に卵からふ化した子どもを親になるまで育て、それが生んだ卵をまたふ化させて育てていくという循環を作ることだ。

    Aquaculture means artificially raising or increasing the number of organisms, while complete-cycle aquaculture means creating a cycle in which young are artificially hatched from eggs, raised until they become adults, and the eggs they produce are then hatched and raised again.

  • 的（てき）N33 times in this passage

    A suffix turning a noun into a na-adjective meaning "relating to / -like / -ical" (一般的, 科学的).

    養殖というのは、人工的に育てたり増やしたりすることだが、完全養殖というのは、人工的に卵からふ化した子どもを親になるまで育て、それが生んだ卵をまたふ化させて育てていくという循環を作ることだ。

    Aquaculture means artificially raising or increasing the number of organisms, while complete-cycle aquaculture means creating a cycle in which young are artificially hatched from eggs, raised until they become adults, and the eggs they produce are then hatched and raised again.

  • というN32 times in this passage

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    養殖というのは、人工的に育てたり増やしたりすることだが、完全養殖というのは、人工的に卵からふ化した子どもを親になるまで育て、それが生んだ卵をまたふ化させて育てていくという循環を作ることだ。

    Aquaculture means artificially raising or increasing the number of organisms, while complete-cycle aquaculture means creating a cycle in which young are artificially hatched from eggs, raised until they become adults, and the eggs they produce are then hatched and raised again.

  • たものだN3

    recalls a past habitual action with fondness or nostalgia, 'used to (do)'.

    今、私たちが食べているウナギは、数千キロも泳いで日本にやってくるシラスウナギ（ウナギの子ども）を捕まえて、養殖で育てたものだ。

    The eels we eat today are raised in aquaculture from shirasu-unagi, or young eels, which are caught after swimming thousands of kilometers to Japan.

  • ということだN3

    Reports hearsay or states a conclusion drawn from what precedes — 'I hear that…' / 'that is to say / it amounts to…'.

    天然ウナギが減っている中、天然ウナギに頼らないで、ウナギを再生産できることが示されたということだ。

    With wild eel populations declining, this shows that eels can be reproduced without relying on wild eels.

Other levels11 patterns
  • 〜ていくN4

    Marks an action that continues/progresses onward from the present, or is done before moving away — 'to go on doing', 'to do and go'.

    養殖というのは、人工的に育てたり増やしたりすることだが、完全養殖というのは、人工的に卵からふ化した子どもを親になるまで育て、それが生んだ卵をまたふ化させて育てていくという循環を作ることだ。

    Aquaculture means artificially raising or increasing the number of organisms, while complete-cycle aquaculture means creating a cycle in which young are artificially hatched from eggs, raised until they become adults, and the eggs they produce are then hatched and raised again.

  • ということN4

    Nominalizes a whole statement into a noun — 'the fact that', 'it means that'.

    それが、日本から数千キロ離れた北太平洋の西部で生まれるということが、大学などの調査で2年前に明らかになった。

    Two years ago, research by universities and other institutions revealed that eels are born in the western North Pacific, several thousand kilometers from Japan.

  • などN43 times in this passage

    Lists one or more representative items and implies others of the same kind exist — 'and so on / etc. / such as'.

    それが、日本から数千キロ離れた北太平洋の西部で生まれるということが、大学などの調査で2年前に明らかになった。

    Two years ago, research by universities and other institutions revealed that eels are born in the western North Pacific, several thousand kilometers from Japan.

  • 〜てくるN43 times in this passage

    Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

    このシラスウナギの量が最近非常に減ってきている。

    Recently, the number of these young eels has declined drastically.

  • ようになるN4

    Expresses a gradual change reaching a new state or acquired ability, "come to / become able to".

    スーパーなどでは、海外から輸入した安いウナギもたくさん売られるようになってきたが、日本産のウナギを求める消費者は多い。

    Supermarkets and other stores now sell many inexpensive eels imported from overseas, but many consumers still want Japanese-produced eel.

  • 〜ていたN42 times in this passage

    The past progressive/continuous — an action that was ongoing or a state that held in the past — 'was (do)ing'.

    ウナギを安定して供給するには、この完全養殖が絶対的に必要だと言われていた。

    It had been said that complete-cycle aquaculture was absolutely necessary in order to ensure a stable supply of eel.

  • ないでN4

    Negative te-form that links a clause — "without doing ~", or a soft "don't ~".

    天然ウナギが減っている中、天然ウナギに頼らないで、ウナギを再生産できることが示されたということだ。

    With wild eel populations declining, this shows that eels can be reproduced without relying on wild eels.

  • 〜たり〜たりN52 times in this passage

    Lists a few representative actions among others done at various times, 'do things like X and Y'.

    養殖というのは、人工的に育てたり増やしたりすることだが、完全養殖というのは、人工的に卵からふ化した子どもを親になるまで育て、それが生んだ卵をまたふ化させて育てていくという循環を作ることだ。

    Aquaculture means artificially raising or increasing the number of organisms, while complete-cycle aquaculture means creating a cycle in which young are artificially hatched from eggs, raised until they become adults, and the eggs they produce are then hatched and raised again.

  • までN52 times in this passage

    Particle marking the spatial, temporal, or extent limit of an action — "until / up to / as far as."

    養殖というのは、人工的に育てたり増やしたりすることだが、完全養殖というのは、人工的に卵からふ化した子どもを親になるまで育て、それが生んだ卵をまたふ化させて育てていくという循環を作ることだ。

    Aquaculture means artificially raising or increasing the number of organisms, while complete-cycle aquaculture means creating a cycle in which young are artificially hatched from eggs, raised until they become adults, and the eggs they produce are then hatched and raised again.

  • 前に（まえに）N52 times in this passage

    Marks that something happens before an action or in front of a place — "before (doing) / in front of."

    それが、日本から数千キロ離れた北太平洋の西部で生まれるということが、大学などの調査で2年前に明らかになった。

    Two years ago, research by universities and other institutions revealed that eels are born in the western North Pacific, several thousand kilometers from Japan.

  • 〜ているN54 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    今、私たちが食べているウナギは、数千キロも泳いで日本にやってくるシラスウナギ（ウナギの子ども）を捕まえて、養殖で育てたものだ。

    The eels we eat today are raised in aquaculture from shirasu-unagi, or young eels, which are caught after swimming thousands of kilometers to Japan.

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