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N3 · IntermediateMedium passagePassage #157
2

せんじつゆうじんたずかんまですこかんあったのでふるがさみせあったのではいみると、「いらっしゃいませ」とげんこえみせしゅじんむかくれました

がさづく江戸時代えどじだいからつづじゅつで、めいだいまでどこまちにもかなら1にんや2にんしょくにんちゅういたそうですしかし日本にっぽん西せいようぶんはいくると、いまわたしごろ使つかいるような、つくのもかんたんだんやすようがさいっきにぜんこくひろ

今年ことし79さいなるしゅじんとうさんいまかくけんに1にんか2にんいるいないというがさしょくにんちゅうの1にんですがさづくりやめようおもことありますそんなあるたまたまみせまえとおがいこくきゃくが「がさ日本人にっぽんじんせいかくとてもよくあらわしているね」とのをああやめちゃだめだ」と、かんがなおそうです

とうさんは、「まだまだげんからあと10ねんだいじょう。」とがおくれましたが、わたしとてもさびしいなりました

ちゅうしょくにんつけたじゅつによってものつくするしょくぎょうひと

Questions

0/3 answered
  1. 1どうして明治時代以降、洋傘は全国に広まりましたか。
  2. 2「ああ、やめちゃだめだ」と、考え直したとあるが、その理由は何か。
  3. 3本文と合っているものはどれか。

Study this passage

Vocabulary13 words
  • 先日せんじつ
    • ·the other day; a few days ago
    N3
  • 友人ゆうじん
    • ·friend
    N3
  • ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • 全国ぜんこく
    • ·the whole country
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • たまたま
    • ·by chance; by accident; accidentally; happen to (be, do); unexpectedly; casually
    • ·occasionally; once in a while; now and then
    N3
  • 性格せいかく
    • ·character (of a person); personality; disposition; nature
    • ·characteristics; nature (of a thing, event, etc.)
    N3
  • あらわすAs it appears here: あらわして
    • ·to represent; to signify; to stand for
    • ·to reveal; to show; to display
    • ·to express
    • ·to make widely known
    N3
  • だめ
    • ·no good; not serving its purpose; useless; broken
    • ·hopeless; wasted; in vain; purposeless
    • ·cannot; must not; not allowed
    • ·neutral point; intersection owned by neither player at the end of a game
    • ·no!; stop!
    N3
  • 笑顔えがお
    • ·smiling face; smile
    N3
    • ·one's body; one's person
    • ·oneself; one's appearance
    • ·one's place (in society, etc.); one's position
    • ·main part; meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.); wood (as opposed to bark); blade (as opposed to its handle); container (as opposed to its lid)
    N3
  • 職業しょくぎょう
    • ·occupation; profession; job; vocation; career; trade; calling; business
    N3
Other levels57 words
  • 行くいくAs it appears here: 行きました
    • ·to go; to move (towards); to head (towards); to leave (for)
    • ·to move through; to travel across; to walk along (e.g. a road)
    • ·to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to turn out; to get along
    • ·to do (in a particular way); to go (with; a choice); to try
    • ·to pass (of time, seasons, etc.); to go by
    • ·to stream; to flow
    • ·to die; to pass away
    • ·to reach (a stage, extent, age, etc.); to get to; to go (so far as ...)
    • ·to reach (of information, instructions, wind, etc.); to arrive
    • ·to continue ...; to go on ...; to (progress) steadily; to gradually ...; to progressively ...
    • ·to have an orgasm; to come; to cum
    • ·to trip; to get high; to have a drug-induced hallucination
    N5
  • 時間じかん
    • ·time
    • ·hour
    • ·period; class; lesson
    N5
  • 少しすこし
    • ·a little; a bit; a small amount; a few; some; slightly; somewhat
    • ·a little while; a short time; a moment; a minute
    • ·a little way; a short distance
    N5
  • あるAs it appears here: あった
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • 古いふるい
    • ·old; aged; ancient; antiquated; antique; timeworn
    • ·long; since long ago; time-honored
    • ·of the distant past; long-ago
    • ·stale; threadbare; hackneyed; corny
    • ·old-fashioned; outmoded; out-of-date
    N5
  • みせ
    • ·store; shop; establishment; restaurant
    N5
  • 入るはいるAs it appears here: 入って
    • ·to enter; to come in; to go in; to get in; to arrive
    • ·to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to enroll (in); to go into (e.g. politics); to get into
    • ·to be contained (in); to be included (in); to be inside (e.g. a box); to come under (a heading); to belong (in a category)
    • ·to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.); to be (able to be) held; to be (able to be) accommodated
    • ·to be introduced; to be brought in; to be installed
    • ·to be received; to be obtained
    • ·to be scored (of points); to be won (of votes)
    • ·to turn on; to start functioning; to start working
    • ·to enter (a month, season, etc.); to reach (e.g. a climax); to get to (e.g. the main topic); to enter into (e.g. negotiations); to start (doing); to begin
    • ·to form (of a crack, fissure, etc.); to develop
    • ·to be put in (of effort, spirit, feeling, etc.); to be applied (e.g. of strength)
    • ·to be ready (of tea, coffee, etc.); to be made
    • ·to enter the body (of alcohol); to become drunk
    N5
  • 元気げんき
    • ·lively; full of spirit; energetic; vigorous; vital; spirited
    • ·healthy; well; fit; in good health
    N5
  • こえ
    • ·voice
    • ·singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); hoot
    • ·voice; opinion (as expressed in words); view; wish; attitude; will
    • ·sound
    • ·sense (of something's arrival); feeling
    • ·voice; voiced sound
    N5
  • どこ
    • ·where; what place
    • ·how much (long, far); what extent
    N5
  • まち
    • ·town; block; neighbourhood; neighborhood
    • ·downtown; main street
    • ·street; road
    N5
  • いるAs it appears here: いた
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • しかし
    • ·however; but
    N5
  • いま
    • ·now; the present time; just now; soon; immediately
    • ·another; more
    N5
  • 使うつかうAs it appears here: 使って
    • ·to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use
    • ·to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate
    • ·to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume
    • ·to use (language); to speak
    N5
  • 作るつくる
    • ·to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct
    • ·to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol)
    • ·to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train
    • ·to till
    • ·to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write
    • ·to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose
    • ·to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found
    • ·to have (a child)
    • ·to make up (one's face, etc.)
    • ·to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
    • ·to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion
    • ·to form (a line, etc.)
    • ·to set (a record)
    • ·to commit (a sin, etc.)
    N5
  • 安いやすい
    • ·cheap; inexpensive
    • ·calm; peaceful; quiet
    N5
  • 今年ことし
    • ·this year
    N5
  • なる
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • いま
    • ·now; the present time; just now; soon; immediately
    • ·another; more
    N5
  • いる
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • いるAs it appears here: いない
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • あるAs it appears here: あります
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • まえ
    • ·in front (of); before (e.g. a building)
    • ·before; earlier; previously; prior; ago; (minutes) to (the hour)
    • ·(the) front; frontal part; fore; head (e.g. of a line)
    • ·forward; ahead
    • ·(in the) presence (of); in front (of someone)
    • ·previous (e.g. page); prior (e.g. engagement); first (e.g. half); former (e.g. example)
    • ·portion; helping
    • ·front (of one's body or clothing); breast (of a coat, kimono, etc.)
    • ·privates; private parts
    • ·criminal record; previous conviction; (a) prior
    N5
  • 外国がいこく
    • ·foreign country
    N5
  • とても
    • ·very; awfully; exceedingly
    • ·(not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
    N5
  • よく
    • ·nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully
    • ·frequently; often
    • ·I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
    • ·(you have) quite the nerve to; I don't know how you can ...
    N5
  • 言ういうAs it appears here: 言った
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • 聞くきくAs it appears here: 聞いて
    • ·to hear
    • ·to listen (e.g. to music)
    • ·to ask; to enquire; to query
    • ·to hear about; to hear of; to learn of
    • ·to follow (advice, order, etc.); to obey; to listen to; to comply with
    • ·to hear (e.g. a plea); to grant (a request); to accept (e.g. an argument); to give consideration to
    • ·to smell (esp. incense); to sample (a fragrance)
    • ·to taste (alcohol); to try
    N5
  • あと
    • ·behind; rear
    • ·after; later
    • ·remainder; the rest
    • ·more (e.g. five more minutes); left
    • ·also; in addition
    • ·descendant; successor; heir
    • ·after one's death
    • ·past; previous
    N5
  • 大丈夫だいじょうぶ
    • ·safe; secure; sound; problem-free; without fear; all right; alright; OK; okay
    • ·certainly; surely; undoubtedly
    • ·no thanks; I'm good; that's alright
    • ·great man; fine figure of a man
    N5
  • 見せるみせるAs it appears here: 見せて
    • ·to show; to display
    • ·to make (something or someone) look ...; to present an appearance of ...
    • ·to make (something) worth watching; to be entertaining
    • ·to have (something) looked at (by a specialist); to have (an antique, etc.) appraised
    • ·to have (an injury, person, etc.) looked at (by a doctor); to take (someone) to a doctor
    • ·to make a show of (doing); to do in a conspicuous manner; to do in view of others
    • ·to resolve to do; to do at any cost; to show others that one will ...
    N5
  • わたし
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なりました
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • つけるAs it appears here: つけた
    • ·to attach; to join; to connect; to add; to append; to affix; to stick; to glue; to fasten; to sew on; to apply (ointment); to put against
    • ·to furnish (a house with)
    • ·to wear; to put on
    • ·to keep a diary; to make an entry
    • ·to appraise; to set (a price)
    • ·to allot; to budget; to assign
    • ·to bring alongside
    • ·to place (under guard or doctor)
    • ·to follow (someone); to shadow; to tail; to stalk
    • ·to load; to give (courage to)
    • ·to keep (an eye on)
    • ·to establish (relations or understanding)
    • ·to turn on (a light)
    • ·to produce flowers (of a plant); to produce fruit
    • ·to attach; to play an attachment
    • ·to do intensely; to do fiercely; to do strongly
    • ·to be used to (doing); to be accustomed to
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 訪ねるたずねるAs it appears here: 訪ねて
    • ·to visit; to call on; to pay a visit to
    N4
  • 迎えるむかえるAs it appears here: 迎えて
    • ·to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to greet; to salute; to hail
    • ·to call for; to summon; to invite
    • ·to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to take (e.g. a wife)
    • ·to reach (a certain time, a point in one's life, etc.); to enter (a new phase, new era, etc.); to approach (e.g. death)
    N4
  • 続くつづく
    • ·to continue; to last; to go on
    • ·to continue (without a break); to be unbroken
    • ·to occur again and again
    • ·to lead to; to connect to; to adjoin
    • ·to come after; to follow; to succeed; to rank next to
    • ·to hold out; to keep; to last
    N4
  • 技術ぎじゅつ
    • ·technology; engineering
    • ·technique; skill
    • ·art; craft
    N4
  • 必ずかならず
    • ·always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively; invariably
    N4
  • 西洋せいよう
    • ·the West; the Occident; Western countries
    N4
  • 文化ぶんか
    • ·culture; civilization; civilisation
    • ·Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
    N4
  • 簡単かんたん
    • ·simple; easy; uncomplicated
    • ·brief; quick; light
    N4
  • 値段ねだん
    • ·price; cost
    N4
  • やめるAs it appears here: やめよう
    • ·to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to end; to quit
    • ·to cancel; to abandon; to give up; to abolish; to abstain; to refrain
    N4
  • 思うおもうAs it appears here: 思った
    • ·to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon
    • ·to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
    • ·to judge; to assess; to regard
    • ·to imagine; to suppose; to dream
    • ·to expect; to look forward to
    • ·to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want
    • ·to care (deeply) for; to yearn for; to worry about; to love
    • ·to recall; to remember
    N4
    • ·day; days
    • ·sun; sunshine; sunlight
    • ·(the) day; daytime; daylight
    • ·date; deadline
    • ·(past) days; time (e.g. of one's childhood)
    • ·case (esp. unfortunate); event
    N4
  • やめるAs it appears here: やめ
    • ·to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to end; to quit
    • ·to cancel; to abandon; to give up; to abolish; to abstain; to refrain
    N4
  • さびしい
    • ·lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
    N4
  • 気持ちきもち
    • ·feeling; sensation; mood; state of mind
    • ·preparedness; readiness; attitude
    • ·thought; sentiment; consideration; solicitude; gratitude
    • ·slightly; a bit; a little
    N4
  • 職人しょくにん
    • ·craftsman; artisan; tradesman; worker; workman
    N2
  • 待ち合わせまちあわせ
    • ·appointment
    N1
  • 日頃ひごろ
    • ·usually; habitually; always
    • ·for a long time
    N1
  • 広まるひろまるAs it appears here: 広まりました
    • ·to spread; to be propagated
    N1
  • 通りかかっとおりかかっ
    • ·to happen to pass by
    N1
Grammar2 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • というN32 times in this passage

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    今年の79歳になる主人の加藤さんはいま、各県に1人か2人いるかいないかという和傘職人(注)の1人です。

    The shopkeeper, Katou-san, who turns 79 this year, is one of those wagasa craftsmen (note) of whom each prefecture now has barely one or two, if any at all.

  • によって/によるN3

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    (注)職人:身につけた技術によって物を作り出したりする職業の人。

    (Note) shokunin: a person whose occupation is making things with a skill they have acquired.

Other levels16 patterns
  • 〜てみるN4

    Verb te-form plus 見る, doing something on a trial basis to see what happens — 'try ...ing'.

    待ち合わせの時間まで少し時間があったので古い和傘の店があったので入ってみると、「いらっしゃいませ」と元気な声で店の主人が迎えてくれました。

    There was a little time before we were due to meet, and as there was an old wagasa shop I stepped inside, and the shopkeeper greeted me with a hearty "Welcome!"

  • いらっしゃるN4

    Respectful (sonkeigo) verb replacing いる/来る/行く when honoring the subject — 'to be / come / go (honorific)'.

    待ち合わせの時間まで少し時間があったので古い和傘の店があったので入ってみると、「いらっしゃいませ」と元気な声で店の主人が迎えてくれました。

    There was a little time before we were due to meet, and as there was an old wagasa shop I stepped inside, and the shopkeeper greeted me with a hearty "Welcome!"

  • 〜てくれるN42 times in this passage

    Someone does an action for the benefit of the speaker (or the speaker's in-group) — '(someone) does (something) for me'.

    待ち合わせの時間まで少し時間があったので古い和傘の店があったので入ってみると、「いらっしゃいませ」と元気な声で店の主人が迎えてくれました。

    There was a little time before we were due to meet, and as there was an old wagasa shop I stepped inside, and the shopkeeper greeted me with a hearty "Welcome!"

  • 〜てくるN4

    Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

    しかし、日本に西洋文化が入ってくると、今私たちが日頃使っているような、作るのも簡単で値段も安い洋傘がいっきに全国に広まりました。

    But once Western culture came into Japan, the Western umbrella — easy to make and cheap, the kind we use every day now — spread over the whole country in one go.

  • ようだN4

    Expresses conjecture or resemblance drawn from evidence, "it seems / looks like".

    しかし、日本に西洋文化が入ってくると、今私たちが日頃使っているような、作るのも簡単で値段も安い洋傘がいっきに全国に広まりました。

    But once Western culture came into Japan, the Western umbrella — easy to make and cheap, the kind we use every day now — spread over the whole country in one go.

  • と思う(とおもう)N4

    Quotative plus 'think', stating the speaker's opinion or guess — 'I think that'.

    和傘づくりをやめようと思ったことがあります。

    There was a time when he thought of giving up making wagasa.

  • に行くN5

    Go somewhere in order to do something — [verb masu-stem] + に行く, 'go to (do) …'.

    先日、友人を訪ねて岐阜に行きました。

    The other day I went to Gifu to visit a friend.

  • までN52 times in this passage

    Particle marking the spatial, temporal, or extent limit of an action — "until / up to / as far as."

    待ち合わせの時間まで少し時間があったので古い和傘の店があったので入ってみると、「いらっしゃいませ」と元気な声で店の主人が迎えてくれました。

    There was a little time before we were due to meet, and as there was an old wagasa shop I stepped inside, and the shopkeeper greeted me with a hearty "Welcome!"

  • がありますN52 times in this passage

    States the existence or possession of an inanimate thing, "there is / to have".

    待ち合わせの時間まで少し時間があったので古い和傘の店があったので入ってみると、「いらっしゃいませ」と元気な声で店の主人が迎えてくれました。

    There was a little time before we were due to meet, and as there was an old wagasa shop I stepped inside, and the shopkeeper greeted me with a hearty "Welcome!"

  • のでN52 times in this passage

    Gives a reason or cause with a soft, objective/polite nuance — 'because / since'.

    待ち合わせの時間まで少し時間があったので古い和傘の店があったので入ってみると、「いらっしゃいませ」と元気な声で店の主人が迎えてくれました。

    There was a little time before we were due to meet, and as there was an old wagasa shop I stepped inside, and the shopkeeper greeted me with a hearty "Welcome!"

  • だ / ですN53 times in this passage

    The copula linking a noun or na-adjective to the subject — plain だ / polite です, 'is/am/are'.

    和傘作りは江戸時代から続く技術で、明治時代まではどこの町にも必ず1人や2人職人(注)がいたそうです

    Wagasa-making is a craft carried on since the Edo period, and until the Meiji era every town is said to have had one or two craftsmen (note) without fail.

  • しかしN5

    Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

    しかし、日本に西洋文化が入ってくると、今私たちが日頃使っているような、作るのも簡単で値段も安い洋傘がいっきに全国に広まりました。

    But once Western culture came into Japan, the Western umbrella — easy to make and cheap, the kind we use every day now — spread over the whole country in one go.

  • 〜ているN52 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    しかし、日本に西洋文化が入ってくると、今私たちが日頃使っているような、作るのも簡単で値段も安い洋傘がいっきに全国に広まりました。

    But once Western culture came into Japan, the Western umbrella — easy to make and cheap, the kind we use every day now — spread over the whole country in one go.

  • 〜たことがあるN5

    States that the speaker has had the experience of doing something at some point — “have done (before)”.

    和傘づくりをやめようと思ったことがあります。

    There was a time when he thought of giving up making wagasa.

  • とてもN52 times in this passage

    Degree adverb intensifying an adjective or adverb — "very / extremely."

    そんなある日、たまたま店の前を通りかかった外国のお客さんが「和傘は日本人の性格をとてもよくあらわしているね」と言ったのを聞いて、「ああ、やめちゃだめだ」と、考え直したそうです。

    Then one day he heard a foreign customer who happened to pass by the shop say, "The wagasa expresses the Japanese character so well, doesn't it," and he thought again: "Ah, I mustn't give it up."

  • 〜たり〜たりN5

    Lists a few representative actions among others done at various times, 'do things like X and Y'.

    (注)職人:身につけた技術によって物を作り出したりする職業の人。

    (Note) shokunin: a person whose occupation is making things with a skill they have acquired.

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