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N3 · IntermediateMedium passagePassage #709
2

環かん境きょう問もん題だいでは「リサイクル」という言こと葉ばをよく聞きく。リサイクルとは、いらない物ものを壊こわして、別べつの物ものに作つくり変かえることだ。例たとえば、読よみ終おわった新しん聞ぶん紙しからトイレットペーパーを作つくったりする。物ものを捨すてればゴミになるが、リサイクルすればゴミを出ださないことができる。だが、リサイクルが形かたちを変かえるのにお金かねがかかるし、エネルギーも使つかう。

また、「再さい使し用よう」という方ほう法ほうもある。再さい使し用ようというのは、ものを壊こわさないで、何なん度ども使つかうことを言いう。例たとえば、飲のんだ後のちのペットボトルを洗あらってまた使つかう。それで、再さい使し用ようするペットボトルは何なん回かいも使つかえるように、少すこし厚あつくしっかりと作つくられている。ドイツでは一本いっぽんのペットボトルをだいたい15～30回かいくらい使つかうそうだ。

以い前ぜんは、お金かねやエネルギーの点てんで、リサイクルより再さい使し用ようの方ほうがいいと考かんがえられていた。しかし、実際じっさいに調しらべてみると、場ば合あいによっては再さい使し用ようの方ほうがお金かねやエネルギーを使つかうことがわかってきた。それで、最さい近きんはどちらの方ほうが環かん境きょうにいいとは単たん純じゅんには言いえなくなっている。

Questions

0/3 answered
  1. 1この文章では、リサイクルとはどのようなことだと言っているか。
  2. 2ペットボトルの再使用について、この文章で言っていることはどれか。
  3. 3この文章では、リサイクルと再使用を比較してどのように言っているか。

Study this passage

Vocabulary9 words
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • 方法ほうほう
    • ·method; way; manner; process; procedure; means; measure
    N3
  • 後のち
    • ·later; afterwards
    • ·future
    • ·after one's death
    • ·descendant
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • 回かい
    • ·counter for occurrences
    • ·a time; an instance
    • ·inning (baseball); round; game
    • ·episode; chapter; instalment
    • ·Hui (people)
    • ·Islam
    N3
  • 以前いぜん
    • ·before; prior to; ago
    • ·the past; before; previously; former times
    N3
  • 方ほう
    • ·direction; way; side; area (in a particular direction)
    • ·side (of an argument, etc.); one's part
    • ·type; category
    • ·field (of study, etc.)
    • ·indicates one side of a comparison
    • ·way; method; manner; means
    • ·length (of each side of a square)
    N3
  • 環境かんきょう
    • ·environment; surroundings; circumstances
    N3
  • 単純たんじゅん
    • ·simple; plain; uncomplicated; straightforward; simple-minded; naive
    N3
Other levels42 words
  • 言葉ことば
    • ·language; dialect
    • ·word; phrase; expression; term
    • ·speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language
    • ·words; remark; statement; comment
    • ·learning to speak; language acquisition
    N5
  • よく
    • ·nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully
    • ·frequently; often
    • ·I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
    • ·(you have) quite the nerve to; I don't know how you can ...
    N5
  • 聞くきく
    • ·to hear
    • ·to listen (e.g. to music)
    • ·to ask; to enquire; to query
    • ·to hear about; to hear of; to learn of
    • ·to follow (advice, order, etc.); to obey; to listen to; to comply with
    • ·to hear (e.g. a plea); to grant (a request); to accept (e.g. an argument); to give consideration to
    • ·to smell (esp. incense); to sample (a fragrance)
    • ·to taste (alcohol); to try
    N5
  • いるAs it appears here: いらない
    • ·to be (of animate objects); to exist
    • ·to stay
    • ·to be ...-ing
    • ·to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
    N5
  • 物もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • 読むよむAs it appears here: 読み
    • ·to read
    • ·to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant
    • ·to predict; to guess; to forecast; to read (someone's thoughts); to see (e.g. into someone's heart); to divine
    • ·to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
    • ·to decipher; to read (a meter, graph, music, etc.); to tell (the time)
    • ·to count; to estimate
    • ·to read (a kanji) with its native Japanese reading
    N5
  • 作るつくるAs it appears here: 作ったり
    • ·to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct
    • ·to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol)
    • ·to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train
    • ·to till
    • ·to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write
    • ·to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose
    • ·to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found
    • ·to have (a child)
    • ·to make up (one's face, etc.)
    • ·to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
    • ·to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion
    • ·to form (a line, etc.)
    • ·to set (a record)
    • ·to commit (a sin, etc.)
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • なる
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: すれば
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 出すだすAs it appears here: 出さない
    • ·to take out; to get out
    • ·to put out; to reveal; to show
    • ·to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in
    • ·to publish; to make public
    • ·to send (e.g. letter)
    • ·to produce (a sound); to start (fire)
    • ·to serve (food)
    • ·... out (e.g. to jump out, to carry out)
    • ·to begin ...; to start to ...; to burst into ...
    N5
  • できる
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • お金おかね
    • ·money
    N5
  • かかる
    • ·to take (a resource, e.g. time or money)
    • ·to hang
    • ·to come into view; to arrive
    • ·to come under (a contract, a tax)
    • ·to start (engines, motors)
    • ·to attend; to deal with; to handle
    • ·to have started to; to be on the verge of
    • ·to overlap (e.g. information in a manual); to cover
    • ·to (come) at
    • ·to be fastened
    • ·to be covered (e.g. with dust, a table-cloth, etc.)
    • ·to be caught in
    • ·to get a call
    • ·to depend on
    • ·to begin (a task); to set about (doing); to get down to
    N5
  • 使うつかう
    • ·to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use
    • ·to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate
    • ·to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume
    • ·to use (language); to speak
    N5
  • また
    • ·again; once more; once again; another time; some other time
    • ·also; too; as well; likewise
    • ·on the other hand; while
    • ·and; in addition; besides; moreover; furthermore
    • ·or; otherwise
    • ·really; how; (what, why) on earth
    • ·some time (in the future)
    • ·indirect
    N5
  • ある
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • 言ういう
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • 飲むのむAs it appears here: 飲んだ
    • ·to drink; to swallow; to take (medicine)
    • ·to smoke (tobacco)
    • ·to swallow up; to engulf
    • ·to suppress (one's anger, bitter feelings, etc.); to keep down; to hold back; to swallow (one's tears); to catch (one's breath)
    • ·to accept (a demand, conditions, etc.); to agree to
    • ·to make light of (someone); to think nothing of; to overwhelm; to overawe
    • ·to carry (a concealed dagger, etc.); to conceal (up one's sleeve, etc.)
    N5
  • 洗うあらうAs it appears here: 洗って
    • ·to wash; to cleanse; to rinse
    • ·to inquire into; to investigate
    • ·to purify (one's heart)
    • ·to lave (e.g. shore); to wash over (e.g. deck); to sweep
    N5
  • 少しすこし
    • ·a little; a bit; a small amount; a few; some; slightly; somewhat
    • ·a little while; a short time; a moment; a minute
    • ·a little way; a short distance
    N5
  • 厚いあついAs it appears here: 厚く
    • ·thick; deep; heavy
    • ·kind; cordial; hospitable; warm; faithful
    • ·serious (of an illness)
    • ·abundant
    N5
  • 作るつくるAs it appears here: 作られて
    • ·to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct
    • ·to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol)
    • ·to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train
    • ·to till
    • ·to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write
    • ·to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose
    • ·to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found
    • ·to have (a child)
    • ·to make up (one's face, etc.)
    • ·to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
    • ·to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion
    • ·to form (a line, etc.)
    • ·to set (a record)
    • ·to commit (a sin, etc.)
    N5
  • しかし
    • ·however; but
    N5
  • わかるAs it appears here: わかって
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow
    • ·to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized (realised); to be found out; to make sense
    • ·I know!; I think so too!
    N5
  • どちら
    • ·which way; which direction; where
    • ·which one (esp. of two alternatives)
    • ·who
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なって
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • 壊すこわすAs it appears here: 壊して
    • ·to break; to destroy; to demolish
    • ·to wreck; to ruin; to spoil; to damage
    • ·to break (a bill, etc.)
    N4
  • 別べつ
    • ·distinction; difference; discrimination
    • ·separate; different; another; extra
    • ·exception; exclusion
    • ·classified by; ranked by; according to
    N4
  • 例えばたとえば
    • ·for example; for instance; e.g.
    N4
  • 捨てるすてるAs it appears here: 捨てれば
    • ·to throw away; to cast away; to dump; to discard
    • ·to abandon; to desert; to leave
    • ·to give up; to resign
    • ·to sacrifice (stones)
    N4
  • 形かたち
    • ·(physical) form; shape; figure
    • ·visage; (facial) features; appearance (of a person); figure; looks
    • ·form (as opposed to substance); manner (of action); style; (outward) appearance
    • ·(resultant) state; situation; condition; form
    • ·behaviour (towards others); attitude; demeanor; manners
    • ·shape (positional qualities of a group of stones)
    N4
  • 変えるかえる
    • ·to change; to alter; to transform; to convert; to turn; to vary
    • ·to reform; to revise; to amend
    N4
  • 壊すこわすAs it appears here: 壊さないで
    • ·to break; to destroy; to demolish
    • ·to wreck; to ruin; to spoil; to damage
    • ·to break (a bill, etc.)
    N4
  • それで
    • ·so; therefore; and; (and) then
    N4
  • しっかり
    • ·tightly (holding on); firmly; securely
    • ·strongly (built); solidly; sturdily; steadily
    • ·properly; well; sufficiently; hard (working, etc.); fully; completely
    • ·reliably; dependably; levelheadedly; shrewdly; wisely; cleverly
    N4
  • だいたい
    • ·generally; on the whole; mostly; almost; nearly; approximately; roughly; about
    • ·general; rough
    • ·outline; main points; gist; substance; essence
    • ·in the first place; first and foremost; from the start; to begin with
    N4
  • 点てん
    • ·dot; spot; point; speck; mark
    • ·mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; score; points
    • ·point (in a game); score; goal; run
    • ·point
    • ·point; aspect; matter; detail; part; respect; way; viewpoint
    • ·(punctuation) mark (e.g. comma, period, decimal point); dot
    • ·"dot" stroke (in a Chinese character)
    • ·counter for points, marks, goals, etc.
    • ·counter for goods, items, articles of clothing, works of art, etc.
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考えられて
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 調べるしらべるAs it appears here: 調べて
    • ·to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study; to inquire; to search
    N4
  • 最近さいきん
    • ·recently; lately; these days; nowadays; right now
    • ·nearest; closest
    N4
Grammar4 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • というN32 times in this passage

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    環境問題では「リサイクル」という言葉をよく聞く。

    When discussing environmental issues, we often hear the word “recycling.”

  • 例えば（たとえば）N32 times in this passage

    Introduces an illustrative instance, 'for example / for instance'.

    例えば、読み終わった新聞紙からトイレットペーパーを作ったりする。

    For example, toilet paper can be made from newspapers that have already been read.

  • というのはN3

    Introduces an explanation or definition of the topic just named — 'the thing called…' / 'what … means is'.

    再使用というのは、ものを壊さないで、何度も使うことを言う。

    Reuse means using something repeatedly without breaking it down.

  • によって/によるN3

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    しかし、実際に調べてみると、場合によっては再使用の方がお金やエネルギーを使うことがわかってきた。

    However, actual studies have shown that, depending on the situation, reuse can require more money and energy.

Other levels12 patterns
  • 〜終わるN4

    Compound-verb suffix on a verb stem meaning to finish that action completely — 'finish doing ~'.

    例えば、読み終わった新聞紙からトイレットペーパーを作ったりする。

    For example, toilet paper can be made from newspapers that have already been read.

  • 〜のにN4

    Links two clauses so the result contradicts what the first clause leads you to expect — "even though ~ / although ~".

    だが、リサイクルが形を変えるのにお金がかかるし、エネルギーも使う。

    However, changing things into a new form through recycling costs money and also uses energy.

  • ないでN4

    Negative te-form that links a clause — "without doing ~", or a soft "don't ~".

    再使用というのは、ものを壊さないで、何度も使うことを言う。

    Reuse means using something repeatedly without breaking it down.

  • よりN4

    Particle marking the standard in a comparison (also a starting point), "than / (more) than; from".

    以前は、お金やエネルギーの点で、リサイクルより再使用の方がいいと考えられていた。

    In the past, reuse was considered better than recycling in terms of money and energy.

  • 〜ていたN4

    The past progressive/continuous — an action that was ongoing or a state that held in the past — 'was (do)ing'.

    以前は、お金やエネルギーの点で、リサイクルより再使用の方がいいと考えられていた。

    In the past, reuse was considered better than recycling in terms of money and energy.

  • 〜てみるN4

    Verb te-form plus 見る, doing something on a trial basis to see what happens — 'try ...ing'.

    しかし、実際に調べてみると、場合によっては再使用の方がお金やエネルギーを使うことがわかってきた。

    However, actual studies have shown that, depending on the situation, reuse can require more money and energy.

  • 〜てくるN4

    Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

    しかし、実際に調べてみると、場合によっては再使用の方がお金やエネルギーを使うことがわかってきた。

    However, actual studies have shown that, depending on the situation, reuse can require more money and energy.

  • 〜たり〜たりN5

    Lists a few representative actions among others done at various times, 'do things like X and Y'.

    例えば、読み終わった新聞紙からトイレットペーパーを作ったりする。

    For example, toilet paper can be made from newspapers that have already been read.

  • 〜ことができるN5

    States that someone is able to do something — “can do” / “is able to do”.

    物を捨てればゴミになるが、リサイクルすればゴミを出さないことができる。

    If things are thrown away, they become garbage, but recycling can prevent them from becoming waste.

  • 〜ているN52 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    それで、再使用するペットボトルは何回も使えるように、少し厚くしっかりと作られている。

    For this reason, reusable PET bottles are made slightly thicker and sturdier so that they can be used many times.

  • より〜ほうがN53 times in this passage

    Expresses comparison or preference — 'B is more ... than A / would rather B' (A より B のほうが).

    以前は、お金やエネルギーの点で、リサイクルより再使用の方がいいと考えられていた。

    In the past, reuse was considered better than recycling in terms of money and energy.

  • しかしN5

    Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

    しかし、実際に調べてみると、場合によっては再使用の方がお金やエネルギーを使うことがわかってきた。

    However, actual studies have shown that, depending on the situation, reuse can require more money and energy.

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