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N2 · Upper intermediateThematic comprehensionPassage #321
2

ぐみぐみってなにだろう。

はるさきにゅうがくしゅうしょくなどしんするせつある

ゲームならルールあってめいかくだ。しかしわれわれひと」のに、かいきょうつうじゅんなどあるだろうか。ーーーつまりせいこうじゅんは、ひとによりさまざまはずだ。おな一個人いっこじんでもときあいは、ちがってくる

(ちゅうりゃく

けんごうかくが「」でごうかくは「」。かくけんあれば、しゅとくできればせいこうできなければせいこうとてもわかりやすい

ただこれけんそのものじゅんあって、ひとくみするじゅんではないじゅけんしゃそれぞれべつじょうもくひょうもっているじゅけんいたまでの、そのよう一切いっさい(注1)ひょうするのはほんにんありにんとやかくもんだいではない

ではどうしてまわりひょうじゅんだろう?それは、ぶんなかせいこうじゅんいないしきしていないひとおおなっているからではないか。まいにちせいかつなかで、なにできればいいのか、どうかんことしあわなのかを、ちっともかんがなっているからではないか。

ぶんじゅんないからまわりにんくらから発想はっそうかたむしまうしかもそのさいにんじゅん使つかからどうしたってストレスたまるし、よりほうおおなる

わたししん30だいまでは、まわりひょうじゅんしていたそしてあるとき一生いっしょうこうしてのか?」とかんがそもそもぶんどうのか?」を、まじめかんがことすらないこと

かいしゃどくりつしてみたさいしゅうしょくなんしゃしただがたいしていましておもそのときぶんやったことは、「まわりことあって、かんじん(注2)ぶんことではなかったからだ。

40なかぶんせいこうじゅんたいせつさにせいかつなかかずかずせいこうじゅんことで、いちにちかたは、どんどんしきてきものなるたとえばあさはやできればせいこうジョギングしてみち(注3)なに発見はっけんあればこれまたせいこうごとだいせいこうよるなかだいだいせいこうといったあいだ。

われわれは②われわれしんの「ゲームしゅやくだ。ルールぶん(注4)ば、まいにちスリリング(注5)たのものなる

(よしたかひろわたしてん2008ねん3つき12あさしんぶんちょうかんによる

ちゅう1)一切いっさいすべて

ちゅう2)かんじんの:もっともじゅうよう

ちゅう3)みちちゅう

ちゅう4)なにいっしょうけんめいする

ちゅう5)スリリングわくわくすること

Questions

0/3 answered
  1. 1「自分を変える」こととは、どのようにすることか。
  2. 2われわれ自身の「ゲーム」が意味していることは何か。
  3. 3城筆者がこの文章で一番言いたいことはどんなことか。

Study this passage

Vocabulary8 words
  • 基準きじゅん
    • ·standard; criterion; norm; benchmark; measure; gauge; basis
    N2
  • 受験じゅけん
    • ·taking an examination (esp. for entrance to a school or university)
    N2
  • 発想はっそう
    • ·idea; conception
    • ·way of thinking; approach
    • ·expression
    N2
  • 傾くかたむくAs it appears here: 傾いて
    • ·to incline toward; to slant; to lurch; to heel over; to be disposed to; to trend toward; to be prone to
    • ·to go down (sun, moon); to sink
    • ·to decline; to wane; to ebb; to fall away
    • ·to tend (towards); to be inclined (to); to come around to (opinion, etc.)
    N2
  • たまる
    • ·to collect; to gather; to save; to accumulate; to pile up
    N2
  • こうして
    • ·thus; in this way
    N2
  • たいして
    • ·(not) very; (not) so; (not) very much; (not) particularly; (not) especially
    N2
  • 主役しゅやく
    • ·leading part; leading actor; leading actress
    N2
Other levels119 words
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • あるAs it appears here: あって
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • しかし
    • ·however; but
    N5
  • ひと
    • ·person; someone; somebody
    • ·human beings; mankind; man; people; humans
    • ·human (Homo sapiens)
    • ·(other) people; others
    • ·character; personality; nature
    • ·capable person; competent person; suitable person; right person
    • ·adult; grown-up
    • ·I; me; one
    N5
  • ある
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • 同じおなじ
    • ·same; identical; equal; alike; equivalent
    • ·anyway; in any case; if one must ...; if one has to ...; as long as ...
    N5
  • ちがうAs it appears here: ちがって
    • ·to differ (from); to be different; to be distinct; to be unlike; to vary; to disagree (with)
    • ·to be wrong; to be incorrect; to be mistaken
    • ·to become abnormal; to go wrong
    • ·isn't it?; wasn't it?
    N5
  • できるAs it appears here: できれば
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • できるAs it appears here: できなければ
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • とても
    • ·very; awfully; exceedingly
    • ·(not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
    N5
  • わかるAs it appears here: わかり
    • ·to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow
    • ·to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized (realised); to be found out; to make sense
    • ·I know!; I think so too!
    N5
  • これ
    • ·this; this one
    • ·this person
    • ·now; this point (in time)
    • ·here
    • ·used to stress the subject of a sentence
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • もつAs it appears here: もって
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • 言ういう
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • 問題もんだい
    • ·question (e.g. on a test); problem
    • ·problem (e.g. societal, political); question; issue; subject (e.g. of research); case; matter
    • ·question (i.e. doubt)
    • ·public discussion; controversy
    • ·trouble; problem; inconvenience; difficulty
    N5
  • どうして
    • ·how; in what way; by what means
    • ·why; for what reason; for what purpose; what for
    • ·cannot possibly
    • ·no way
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • 自分じぶん
    • ·myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself
    • ·I; me
    • ·you
    N5
  • なか
    • ·inside; interior
    • ·among; within
    • ·middle; center; centre
    • ·during; while; middle; midst; amid
    • ·interval; gap
    • ·mean; average
    • ·second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes); middle
    • ·medium grade; medium quality
    • ·red-light district
    N5
  • 持つもつAs it appears here: 持って
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: して
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 多いおおいAs it appears here: 多く
    • ·many; numerous; a lot
    • ·large amount of; large quantity of; a lot; much
    • ·frequent; common
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なって
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • 毎日まいにち
    • ·every day; daily
    N5
  • どう
    • ·how; in what way; how about
    N5
  • 使うつかう
    • ·to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use
    • ·to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate
    • ·to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume
    • ·to use (language); to speak
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: した
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • なる
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • 会社かいしゃ
    • ·company; corporation; firm
    • ·one's workplace
    N5
  • 持つもつ
    • ·to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry
    • ·to possess; to have; to own
    • ·to maintain; to keep
    • ·to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive
    • ·to take charge of; to be in charge of
    • ·to hold (meeting, etc.); to have (opportunity, etc.)
    • ·to have "it"; to have that special something; to be blessed with good luck
    N5
  • 大切たいせつ
    • ·important; significant; serious; crucial
    • ·precious; valuable; dear; cherished; beloved
    • ·careful
    N5
  • 一日いちにち
    • ·one day
    • ·all day (long); the whole day; from morning till night
    • ·first day of the month
    N5
  • もの
    • ·thing; object; article; stuff; substance
    • ·one's things; possessions; property; belongings
    • ·things; something; anything; everything; nothing
    • ·quality
    • ·reason; the way of things
    • ·used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen
    • ·item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
    • ·cause of ...; cause for ...
    • ·somehow; somewhat; for some reason
    • ·really; truly
    N5
  • あさ
    • ·morning
    • ·breakfast
    N5
  • あるAs it appears here: あれば
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • また
    • ·again; once more; once again; another time; some other time
    • ·also; too; as well; likewise
    • ·on the other hand; while
    • ·and; in addition; besides; moreover; furthermore
    • ·or; otherwise
    • ·really; how; (what, why) on earth
    • ·some time (in the future)
    • ·indirect
    N5
  • 仕事しごと
    • ·work; job; labor; labour; business; task; assignment; occupation; employment
    • ·work
    N5
  • よる
    • ·night; evening
    • ·dinner
    N5
  • 楽しいたのしい
    • ·enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
    N5
  • わたし
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • 入学にゅうがく
    • ·admission (to a school or university); entrance; enrolment; enrollment; matriculation
    N4
  • 季節きせつ
    • ·season; time of year
    N4
  • 世界せかい
    • ·the world; society; the universe
    • ·sphere; circle; world
    • ·world-renowned; world-famous
    • ·realm governed by one Buddha; space
    N4
  • はず
    • ·should (be); bound (to be); expected (to be); must (be)
    • ·nock (of a bow)
    • ·nock (of an arrow)
    • ·nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger)
    • ·wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
    N4
  • 試験しけん
    • ·examination; exam; test
    • ·trial; experiment; test
    N4
  • まわり
    • ·circumference; girth
    • ·surroundings; neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity
    • ·people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
    N4
  • 生活せいかつ
    • ·life; living
    • ·livelihood; (one's) living
    N4
  • ちっとも
    • ·(not) at all; (not) a bit; (not) in the least; (not) in the slightest
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考えなく
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 比べるくらべる
    • ·to compare; to make a comparison (between)
    • ·to compete (on); to measure (one's strength, ability, etc. against another's)
    N4
  • 勝つかつ
    • ·to win; to gain victory
    N4
  • 負けるまける
    • ·to lose; to be defeated; to be beaten
    • ·to give in (to); to yield; to succumb; to give way; to surrender; to be overcome (with)
    • ·to be inferior (to); to be second (to); to be outdone (by)
    • ·to get a rash (from); to come out in a rash
    • ·to reduce the price; to give a discount; to throw in (something extra) for free
    N4
  • 生きるいきる
    • ·to live; to exist
    • ·to make a living; to subsist
    • ·to be in effect; to be in use; to function
    • ·to come to life; to be enlivened
    • ·to be safe (in baseball, go, etc.)
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考えたら
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 生きるいきるAs it appears here: 生きたい
    • ·to live; to exist
    • ·to make a living; to subsist
    • ·to be in effect; to be in use; to function
    • ·to come to life; to be enlivened
    • ·to be safe (in baseball, go, etc.)
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考えた
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 変わるかわるAs it appears here: 変わらなかった
    • ·to change; to be transformed; to be altered; to vary
    • ·to move to
    • ·to be different; to be uncommon; to be unusual
    N4
  • 思うおもうAs it appears here: 思えば
    • ·to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon
    • ·to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
    • ·to judge; to assess; to regard
    • ·to imagine; to suppose; to dream
    • ·to expect; to look forward to
    • ·to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want
    • ·to care (deeply) for; to yearn for; to worry about; to love
    • ·to recall; to remember
    N4
  • 変えるかえる
    • ·to change; to alter; to transform; to convert; to turn; to vary
    • ·to reform; to revise; to amend
    N4
  • 過ぎるすぎるAs it appears here: 過ぎ
    • ·to pass through; to pass by; to go beyond
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to have expired; to have ended; to be over
    • ·to exceed; to surpass; to be above
    • ·to be no more than ...
    • ·to be excessive; to be too much; to be too ...
    N4
  • たとえば
    • ·for example; for instance; e.g.
    N4
  • 具合ぐあい
    • ·condition; state
    • ·health; state (of health)
    • ·way; manner
    • ·circumstance; luck
    • ·face; dignity; decency; propriety
    N4
  • 決めるきめるAs it appears here: 決めて
    • ·to decide; to choose; to determine; to make up one's mind; to resolve; to set one's heart on; to settle; to arrange; to set; to appoint; to fix
    • ·to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match)
    • ·to persist in doing; to go through with
    • ·to always do; to have made a habit of
    • ·to take for granted; to assume
    • ·to dress up; to dress to kill; to dress to the nines
    • ·to carry out successfully (a move in sports, a pose in dance, etc.); to succeed in doing
    • ·to immobilize with a double-arm lock (in sumo, judo, etc.)
    • ·to eat or drink something; to take illegal drugs
    N4
  • 途中とちゅう
    • ·on the way; en route
    • ·in the middle of; midway; halfway
    N4
  • なに
    • ·what
    • ·you-know-what; that thing
    • ·whatsit; whachamacallit; what's-his-name; what's-her-name
    • ·penis; (one's) thing; dick
    • ·(not) at all; (not) in the slightest
    • ·what?; huh?
    • ·hey!; come on!
    • ·oh, no (it's fine); why (it's nothing); oh (certainly not)
    N3
  • 就職しゅうしょく
    • ·finding employment; getting a job
    N3
  • 明確めいかく
    • ·clear; precise; definite; distinct
    N3
  • われわれ
    • ·we
    N3
  • 共通きょうつう
    • ·common; shared; mutual
    • ·to be common (to); to be shared (by)
    • ·-wide
    N3
  • つまり
    • ·that is to say; that is; in other words; I mean; that (this, it) means
    • ·in short; in brief; to sum up; ultimately; in the end; in the long run; when all is said and done; what it all comes down to; when you get right down to it; basically
    • ·clogging; obstruction; stuffing; (degree of) blockage
    • ·shrinkage
    • ·end; conclusion
    • ·dead end; corner
    • ·distress; being at the end of one's rope
    N3
  • 成功せいこう
    • ·success; achievement
    • ·succeeding (in life); (worldly) success; prosperity
    N3
  • さまざま
    • ·various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
    N3
  • 合格ごうかく
    • ·passing (an exam); pass; success; passing grade
    • ·meeting (specifications, standards, etc.); passing (inspection); qualification; being found eligible
    N3
  • 勝ちかち
    • ·win; victory
    N3
  • 負けまけ
    • ·defeat; loss; losing (a game)
    • ·failing to live up to (one's name, looks, etc.)
    • ·discount; loss (on a sale)
    N3
  • ただ
    • ·ordinary; common; usual
    • ·free of charge
    • ·unaffected; as is; safe
    • ·only; merely; just; simply
    • ·but; however; nevertheless
    N3
  • 事情じじょう
    • ·circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs
    N3
  • 目標もくひょう
    • ·goal; target; aim; objective
    • ·mark; sign; landmark
    N3
  • 至るいたる
    • ·to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to attain
    • ·to lead to (a place); to get to
    • ·in the extreme case of
    • ·to come; to arrive; to result in
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • 評価ひょうか
    • ·valuation; appraisal; evaluation; assessment; estimation; rating; judging
    • ·appreciation; recognition; acknowledgement; rating highly; praising
    N3
  • 本人ほんにん
    • ·the person in question; the person themselves; said person
    N3
  • 他人たにん
    • ·another person; other people; others
    • ·unrelated person (i.e. not related by blood)
    • ·outsider; stranger
    N3
  • 意識いしき
    • ·consciousness
    • ·becoming aware (of); awareness; sense
    • ·mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)
    N3
  • 感じるかんじる
    • ·to feel; to sense; to experience
    • ·to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to be impressed (by); to respond (to)
    • ·to become infected with (an illness); to catch
    N3
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • 幸せしあわせ
    • ·happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
    N3
  • しかも
    • ·moreover; furthermore
    • ·nevertheless; and yet
    N3
  • さい
    • ·occasion; time; circumstances; (in) case (of); when
    N3
  • ほう
    • ·direction; way; side; area (in a particular direction)
    • ·side (of an argument, etc.); one's part
    • ·type; category
    • ·field (of study, etc.)
    • ·indicates one side of a comparison
    • ·way; method; manner; means
    • ·length (of each side of a square)
    N3
  • とき
    • ·time; hour; moment
    • ·occasion; case
    • ·chance; opportunity; season
    • ·the times; the age; the day
    • ·tense
    N3
  • 一生いっしょう
    • ·whole life; a lifetime; all through life
    • ·(the only, the greatest, etc.) of one's life
    N3
  • 辞めるやめるAs it appears here: 辞め
    • ·to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)
    N3
  • 独立どくりつ
    • ·independence; self-reliance; supporting oneself; being on one's own
    • ·independence (e.g. of a nation); freedom
    • ·separation; isolation
    N3
  • 今にいまに
    • ·before long; even now
    N3
  • 半ばなかば
    • ·middle; halfway; midway
    • ·half (of); one half
    • ·half (e.g. done, jokingly); partly; in part; partially
    • ·mostly; almost; nearly
    N3
  • 何かなにか
    • ·something; some; any
    • ·somehow; for some reason
    • ·(so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
    N3
  • 発見はっけん
    • ·discovery; detection; finding
    N3
  • 仲間なかま
    • ·companion; fellow; friend; mate; comrade; partner; colleague; coworker; associate
    • ·group; company; circle; set; gang
    • ·member of the same category (family, class)
    N3
  • 自身じしん
    • ·(one's) self; oneself; yourself; himself; herself
    N3
  • つき
    • ·Moon
    • ·month
    • ·moonlight
    • ·(a) moon; natural satellite
    N3
  • ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
  • すべて
    • ·everything; all; the whole
    • ·entirely; completely; wholly; all
    N3
  • もっとも
    • ·most; extremely
    N3
  • 重要じゅうよう
    • ·important; essential; significant; major; key; principal
    N3
  • 進路しんろ
    • ·route; course; path
    • ·one's future course (e.g. after graduating high school)
    N1
  • 決まるきまるAs it appears here: 決まったり
    • ·to be decided; to be settled; to be fixed; to be arranged
    • ·to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be fixed; to be set
    • ·to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be a convention; to be a custom; to be common knowledge
    • ·to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.); to go well; to succeed; to connect (of a punch)
    • ·to look good (of clothing); to look sharp; to be stylish; to suit one; to be held in place (of a hairdo)
    • ·to be struck and held (of a pose in kabuki)
    • ·to get high (on drugs)
    N1
  • 決まるきまるAs it appears here: 決まらなかったり
    • ·to be decided; to be settled; to be fixed; to be arranged
    • ·to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be fixed; to be set
    • ·to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be a convention; to be a custom; to be common knowledge
    • ·to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.); to go well; to succeed; to connect (of a punch)
    • ·to look good (of clothing); to look sharp; to be stylish; to suit one; to be held in place (of a hairdo)
    • ·to be struck and held (of a pose in kabuki)
    • ·to get high (on drugs)
    N1
  • 資格しかく
    • ·qualifications; requirements; capabilities
    N1
  • やすい
    • ·easy
    • ·likely to ...; have a tendency to ...
    • ·easy to ...
    N1
  • 個別こべつ
    • ·individual; separate; personal; case-by-case
    N1
  • 一切いっさい
    • ·all; everything; entirety; the whole
    • ·absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever; without exception
    N1
  • やるAs it appears here: やった
    • ·to do; to undertake; to perform; to play (a game); to study
    • ·to send; to dispatch; to despatch
    • ·to put; to move; to turn (one's head, glance, etc.)
    • ·to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status); to let have; to present; to bestow; to confer
    • ·to make (a vehicle) go faster
    • ·to run (a business); to keep; to be engaged in; to practice (law, medicine, etc.); to practise
    • ·to have (food, drink, etc.); to eat; to drink; to smoke
    • ·to hold (a performance); to perform; to show
    • ·to ease (one's mind)
    • ·to harm; to injure; to kill
    • ·to have sex; to fuck; to bang
    • ·to live; to get by; to get along
    • ·to do ... completely
    • ·to do ... broadly; to do ... to a great distance
    • ·to do ... for (someone of equal or lower status); to do ... to
    • ·to make active efforts to ...
    • ·to suffer from (an illness); to experience (a medical condition); to be afflicted with
    N1
  • 肝心かんじん
    • ·essential; important; crucial; vital; main
    N1
  • 行けるいけるAs it appears here: 行ければ
    • ·deed; act; action
    • ·conduct; behavior; behaviour
    • ·asceticism
    N1
  • 打ち込めるうちこめるAs it appears here: 打ち込め
    • ·to drive in (a nail, stake, etc.); to hammer in
    • ·to hit (a ball, etc.); to drive; to smash
    • ·to fire into; to shoot into
    • ·to input (data); to enter
    • ·to devote oneself to; to be absorbed in; to be (really) into; to be enthusiastic about; to put heart and soul into; to throw oneself into; to go head over heels for
    • ·to practice hitting (baseball, tennis, etc.)
    • ·to hit (an opponent in kendo, boxing, etc.); to get a blow in
    • ·to invade one's opponent's territory; to place a stone in an opponent's formation
    • ·to pour (concrete, etc.) into a form
    N1
  • 視点してん
    • ·point of view; viewpoint; angle; perspective
    • ·visual point (position of the eye in calculations of optical instruments)
    N1
  • 打ち込むうちこむ
    • ·to drive in (a nail, stake, etc.); to hammer in
    • ·to hit (a ball, etc.); to drive; to smash
    • ·to fire into; to shoot into
    • ·to input (data); to enter
    • ·to devote oneself to; to be absorbed in; to be (really) into; to be enthusiastic about; to put heart and soul into; to throw oneself into; to go head over heels for
    • ·to practice hitting (baseball, tennis, etc.)
    • ·to hit (an opponent in kendo, boxing, etc.); to get a blow in
    • ·to invade one's opponent's territory; to place a stone in an opponent's formation
    • ·to pour (concrete, etc.) into a form
    N1
Grammar5 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • ではないかN22 times in this passage

    Rhetorically seeks agreement or expresses a realization — 'isn't it? / right? / surely.'

    それは、自分の中で成功の基準を持っていない、意識していない人が多くなっているからではないか

    Could it be because more and more people do not have, or are not conscious of, their own standards of success?

  • ちっとも〜ないN2

    Emphatic total negation paired with a negative predicate, "not at all / not in the least".

    毎日の生活の中で、何ができればいいのか、どう感じることが幸せなのかを、ちっとも考えなくなっているからではないか。

    Could it be because in our daily lives we have stopped thinking about what we need to accomplish to feel satisfied or what kinds of feelings constitute happiness?

  • しかもN2

    Additive conjunction adding a further, often stronger point — 'moreover, and what's more'.

    しかもその際、他人の基準を使うから、どうしたってストレスがたまるし、勝つよりは負けるほうが多くなる。

    Moreover, because we use other people's standards, stress inevitably builds up, and we end up losing more often than winning.

  • といったN2

    Introduces representative examples before a summarizing noun — "(things) such as ~", "~ and the like".

    といった具合だ。

    That is the general idea.

  • 途中で/途中に(とちゅうで/とちゅうに)N2

    Marks that something occurs partway through an action or on the way somewhere — "on the way; in the middle of (doing)".

    (注3)道すがら:途中で

    (Note 3) Michisugara: along the way.

Other levels34 patterns
  • をもって / をもちましてN1

    Formal marker of the means used, or the effective time from/at which something takes effect — 'by means of', 'as of'.

    受験者はそれぞれ個別の事情や目標をもっている。

    Each examinee has their own circumstances and goals.

  • に至るまでN1

    Marks the far endpoint of a range, stressing it extends even to X: 'all the way up to (even) X'.

    受験に至るまでの、そのような一切を評価するのは本人であり、他人がとやかく言う問題ではない。

    It is the individual who should evaluate all the circumstances leading up to taking the exam; it is not something for others to criticize or interfere with.

  • だの~だのN1

    Reduplicated listing particle citing examples with a tone of complaint or exasperation ("what with X and Y and all that").

    毎日の生活の中で、何ができればいいのか、どう感じることが幸せなのかを、ちっとも考えなくなっているからではないか。

    Could it be because in our daily lives we have stopped thinking about what we need to accomplish to feel satisfied or what kinds of feelings constitute happiness?

  • すら / ですらN1

    Emphatic particle presenting an extreme example to imply all lesser cases hold — "even".

    を、まじめに考えたことすらないことに気づいた。

    was something I had never even seriously considered.

  • つまりN3

    Restates or sums up the preceding statement more plainly — 'in other words / that is to say'.

    勝ち負けーーーつまり成功の基準は、人によりさまざまなはずだ。

    The standard of winning or losing—in other words, of success—must vary from person to person.

  • によって/によるN33 times in this passage

    Marks means, cause, passive agent, or a factor something depends on; 'by (means of)', 'due to', 'depending on'.

    勝ち負けーーーつまり成功の基準は、人によりさまざまなはずだ。

    The standard of winning or losing—in other words, of success—must vary from person to person.

  • 〜ばいいN3

    Offers a suggestion or solution via the conditional plus いい, "you should ~ / it'd be good to just ~."

    毎日の生活の中で、何ができればいいのか、どう感じることが幸せなのかを、ちっとも考えなくなっているからではないか。

    Could it be because in our daily lives we have stopped thinking about what we need to accomplish to feel satisfied or what kinds of feelings constitute happiness?

  • 的(てき)N3

    A suffix turning a noun into a na-adjective meaning "relating to / -like / -ical" (一般的, 科学的).

    生活の中に数々の成功基準を持つことで、一日の生き方は、どんどん意識的なものになる。

    By having numerous standards of success in daily life, the way we live each day becomes increasingly intentional.

  • 例えば(たとえば)N3

    Introduces an illustrative instance, 'for example / for instance'.

    たとえば、朝早起きできれば成功、その後ジョギングをして、道すがら何か発見があればこれまた成功、気持ちよく仕事に行ければ大成功、夜仲間と飲めれば大大成功!

    For example, getting up early in the morning is a success; going jogging afterward and discovering something along the way is another success; going to work in a good mood is a great success; and having drinks with friends in the evening is an even greater success!

  • などN42 times in this passage

    Lists one or more representative items and implies others of the same kind exist — 'and so on / etc. / such as'.

    春先は入学や就職など、進路が決まったり決まらなかったりする季節である。

    Early spring is the season when people's future paths, such as school admission or employment, are either settled or left unsettled.

  • はずだN4

    Expresses the speaker's reasoned confidence that something is or should be the case — 'should, ought to, is supposed to'.

    勝ち負けーーーつまり成功の基準は、人によりさまざまなはずだ

    The standard of winning or losing—in other words, of success—must vary from person to person.

  • 〜てくるN4

    Verb te-form plus 来る, marking motion toward the speaker or the gradual onset of a state — 'come to do' / 'start to / become'.

    同じ一個人でも時と場合によっては、ちがってくる

    Even for the same individual, it changes depending on the time and circumstances.

  • やすいN4

    Attaches to a verb stem to mean the action is easy to do ('easy to ~').

    とてもわかりやすい

    That is very easy to understand.

  • ようだN4

    Expresses conjecture or resemblance drawn from evidence, "it seems / looks like".

    受験に至るまでの、そのような一切を評価するのは本人であり、他人がとやかく言う問題ではない。

    It is the individual who should evaluate all the circumstances leading up to taking the exam; it is not something for others to criticize or interfere with.

  • 〜の中でN42 times in this passage

    Marks a set or group as the domain of a comparison — "among ~ / of all ~", typically paired with a superlative.

    それは、自分の中で成功の基準を持っていない、意識していない人が多くなっているからではないか。

    Could it be because more and more people do not have, or are not conscious of, their own standards of success?

  • 〜てしまう / 〜ちゃうN4

    Verb te-form plus しまう, marking an action as fully completed or done regrettably/by accident — 'end up ...ing' / 'finish ...ing'; ちゃう/じゃう is the casual contraction.

    他人と比べるから、勝ち・負けの発想に傾いてしまう

    Because we compare ourselves with others, we fall into thinking in terms of winning and losing.

  • よりN4

    Particle marking the standard in a comparison (also a starting point), "than / (more) than; from".

    しかもその際、他人の基準を使うから、どうしたってストレスがたまるし、勝つよりは負けるほうが多くなる。

    Moreover, because we use other people's standards, stress inevitably builds up, and we end up losing more often than winning.

  • 〜ていたN4

    The past progressive/continuous — an action that was ongoing or a state that held in the past — 'was (do)ing'.

    私自身、30代までは、まわりの評価を基準にしていた

    Until my thirties, I myself also used other people's evaluations as my standard.

  • ときN42 times in this passage

    Marks the time at which something happens — "when X, Y."

    そしてあるとき「一生こうして生きるのか?」と考えたら、そもそも「自分はどう生きたいのか?」

    Then one day, when I asked myself, “Am I going to live like this for the rest of my life?”, I realized that even the fundamental question, “How do I want to live?”

  • たらN4

    Conditional/temporal ending on the plain-past stem meaning that once or if the first action happens, the second follows ('if / once / when ... then').

    そしてあるとき「一生こうして生きるのか?」と考えたら、そもそも「自分はどう生きたいのか?」

    Then one day, when I asked myself, “Am I going to live like this for the rest of my life?”, I realized that even the fundamental question, “How do I want to live?”

  • 〜てみるN4

    Verb te-form plus 見る, doing something on a trial basis to see what happens — 'try ...ing'.

    その後、会社を辞め、独立もしてみた

    After that, I left my company and also tried working independently.

  • 〜さN4

    Suffix that turns an adjective into a noun naming its degree or quality — '-ness' (e.g. 高さ 'height', 重さ 'weight').

    40半ばを過ぎ「自分の成功基準を持つ」大切さに気づいた。

    After passing my mid-forties, I realized the importance of “having my own standards of success.”

  • だろうN53 times in this passage

    Presumptive expressing conjecture — 'probably', 'I think', or seeking agreement 'right?'; plain だろう / polite でしょう.

    勝ち組、負け組って何だろう

    What do “winners” and “losers” really mean?

  • 〜たり〜たりN52 times in this passage

    Lists a few representative actions among others done at various times, 'do things like X and Y'.

    春先は入学や就職など、進路が決まったり決まらなかったりする季節である。

    Early spring is the season when people's future paths, such as school admission or employment, are either settled or left unsettled.

  • がありますN52 times in this passage

    States the existence or possession of an inanimate thing, "there is / to have".

    ゲームならルールがあって明確だ。

    In a game, there are rules, so winning and losing are clear.

  • しかしN5

    Contrastive conjunction joining two sentences, 'however / but'.

    しかし、われわれ「人」の勝ち負けに、世界共通の基準などあるのだろうか。

    But is there really a universal standard for determining whether we human beings have won or lost?

  • とてもN5

    Degree adverb intensifying an adjective or adverb — "very / extremely."

    とてもわかりやすい。

    That is very easy to understand.

  • じゃない・ではないN53 times in this passage

    Negates a noun or na-adjective with the copula, "is not / am not".

    ただ、これも試験そのものの基準であって、人を組分けする基準ではない

    However, that is merely a standard for the examination itself, not a standard for classifying people.

  • どうしてN5

    Asks the reason for something, "why / how come".

    では、どうしてまわりの評価や基準が気になるのだろう?

    Then why do we care so much about the judgments and standards of those around us?

  • 〜ているN54 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    それは、自分の中で成功の基準を持っていない、意識していない人が多くなっているからではないか。

    Could it be because more and more people do not have, or are not conscious of, their own standards of success?

  • にするN53 times in this passage

    To decide on or turn something into a given state or choice, 'to make it ~ / to go with ~.'

    自分の基準がないから、まわりを気にする

    Because we have no standards of our own, we worry about those around us.

  • までN5

    Particle marking the spatial, temporal, or extent limit of an action — "until / up to / as far as."

    私自身、30代までは、まわりの評価を基準にしていた。

    Until my thirties, I myself also used other people's evaluations as my standard.

  • そしてN5

    Additive/sequential conjunction joining clauses, 'and / and then'.

    そしてあるとき「一生こうして生きるのか?」と考えたら、そもそも「自分はどう生きたいのか?」

    Then one day, when I asked myself, “Am I going to live like this for the rest of my life?”, I realized that even the fundamental question, “How do I want to live?”

  • 〜たいN5

    Expresses the speaker's own desire to do something — “want to do”.

    そしてあるとき「一生こうして生きるのか?」と考えたら、そもそも「自分はどう生きたいのか?」

    Then one day, when I asked myself, “Am I going to live like this for the rest of my life?”, I realized that even the fundamental question, “How do I want to live?”

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