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N3 · IntermediateMedium passagePassage #263
2

雨あめが上あがったあとの空そらに虹にじがかかることがある。虹にじが魅み力りょく的てきに感かんじられるのは、空そらに描えがかれたとても大おおきな絵えのようなところと、美うつくしい色いろのハーモニー、そして、すぐ消きえてしまうところだ。夏なつによく見みられることから、俳はい句くでは夏なつの季き語ごになっている。

虹にじは、雨あめの水すい滴てきがレンズとなり、太たい陽ようの光ひかりを複ふく数すうの色いろに分わけることで起おきる現げん象しょうだ。また、大おおきな滝たきの下したや、ホースの先さきから水みずが細こまかく飛とぶところでも、太たい陽ようの光ひかりが当あたると、小ちいさい虹にじが見みえる。虹にじの色いろの数かずは日本にっぽんでは7色しょくとされるが、古こ代だいでは5色しょくだったそうだ。__________、沖おき縄なわでは2色しょくであり、地ち域いきや時じ代だいで色いろの数かずは違ちがっているようである。

「虹にじ」という漢かん字じは「虫むし」と「工こう」からできているが、それは、その字じを作つくった中ちゅう国ごくで、虹にじが蛇へび（注1）や奄（注2）だと考かんがえられていたからだそうだ。それも雄ゆう（注3）の竜りゅうだという。空そらにかかる虹にじが竜りゅうと考かんがえられたというのは理り解かいできるが、虹にじを見みて雄ゆうの竜りゅうを想そう像ぞうする力ちからは私わたしにはない。

（注ちゅう1）蛇へび：動どう物ぶつの名な前まえ

（注ちゅう2）竜りゅう：想そう像ぞうの動どう物ぶつの名な前まえ

（注ちゅう3）雄ゆう：動どう物ぶつの「男おとこ」の呼よび方かた

Questions

0/3 answered
  1. 1虹ついて、正しいものはどれか。
  2. 2著者の考え方と同じものはどれか。
  3. 3__________に入る語はどれか。

Study this passage

Vocabulary13 words
  • こと
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
    • ·circumstances; situation; state of affairs
    • ·work; business; affair
    • ·after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
    • ·nominalizing suffix
    • ·pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
    • ·alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
    • ·necessity; need
    • ·you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
    N3
  • 感じるかんじるAs it appears here: 感じられる
    • ·to feel; to sense; to experience
    • ·to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to be impressed (by); to respond (to)
    • ·to become infected with (an illness); to catch
    N3
  • 描くえがくAs it appears here: 描かれた
    • ·to draw; to paint; to sketch
    • ·to depict; to describe
    • ·to picture in one's mind; to imagine
    • ·to form a certain shape (e.g. path of an action, appearance of an object, etc.)
    N3
  • よう
    • ·appearing ...; looking ...
    • ·way to ...; method of ...ing
    • ·form; style; design
    • ·like; similar to
    • ·thing (thought or spoken)
    N3
  • 太陽たいよう
    • ·Sun
    N3
  • 分けるわける
    • ·to divide (into); to split (into); to part; to separate; to divide up; to classify; to sort out; to divide out
    • ·to share; to distribute; to deal out; to dish out
    • ·to distinguish; to discriminate; to differentiate (between)
    • ·to break up (a fight); to mediate
    • ·to call a draw; to tie
    • ·to push one's way through (a crowd)
    • ·to sell
    N3
  • 現象げんしょう
    • ·phenomenon
    N3
  • 当たるあたる
    • ·to be hit; to strike
    • ·to touch; to be in contact; to be affixed
    • ·to be equivalent to; to be applicable; to apply to
    • ·to be right on the money (of a prediction, criticism, etc.)
    • ·to be selected (in a lottery, etc.); to win
    • ·to be successful; to go well; to be a hit
    • ·to face; to confront
    • ·to lie (in the direction of)
    • ·to undertake; to be assigned
    • ·to be stricken (by food poisoning, heat, etc.); to be afflicted
    • ·to be called on (e.g. by a teacher)
    • ·to treat (esp. harshly); to lash out at
    • ·to be unnecessary
    • ·to be hitting well; to be on a hitting streak
    • ·to feel a bite (in fishing)
    • ·(of fruit, etc.) to be bruised; to spoil
    • ·to feel (something) out; to probe into; to check (i.e. by comparison)
    • ·to shave
    • ·to be a relative of a person; to be a ... in relation to ...; to stand in a relationship
    N3
  • 数かず
    • ·number; amount
    N3
  • 地域ちいき
    • ·area; region; district; locality
    N3
  • 理解りかい
    • ·understanding; comprehension; appreciation
    • ·sympathy
    N3
  • 想像そうぞう
    • ·imagination; supposition; guess
    N3
  • 注ちゅう
    • ·annotation; explanatory note; comment
    N3
Other levels54 words
  • 雨あめ
    • ·rain
    • ·rainy day; rainy weather
    • ·the November suit (in hanafuda)
    N5
  • あと
    • ·behind; rear
    • ·after; later
    • ·remainder; the rest
    • ·more (e.g. five more minutes); left
    • ·also; in addition
    • ·descendant; successor; heir
    • ·after one's death
    • ·past; previous
    N5
  • 空そら
    • ·sky; the air; the heavens
    • ·weather
    • ·far-off place; distant place
    • ·state of mind; feeling
    • ·(from) memory; (by) heart
    • ·falsehood; lie
    • ·somehow; vaguely
    • ·fake
    N5
  • かかる
    • ·to take (a resource, e.g. time or money)
    • ·to hang
    • ·to come into view; to arrive
    • ·to come under (a contract, a tax)
    • ·to start (engines, motors)
    • ·to attend; to deal with; to handle
    • ·to have started to; to be on the verge of
    • ·to overlap (e.g. information in a manual); to cover
    • ·to (come) at
    • ·to be fastened
    • ·to be covered (e.g. with dust, a table-cloth, etc.)
    • ·to be caught in
    • ·to get a call
    • ·to depend on
    • ·to begin (a task); to set about (doing); to get down to
    N5
  • ある
    • ·to be; to exist; to live
    • ·to have
    • ·to be located
    • ·to be equipped with
    • ·to happen; to come about
    • ·to exist (in a completed state); to be (something unchanged in its current state)
    N5
  • とても
    • ·very; awfully; exceedingly
    • ·(not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
    N5
  • 大きなおおきな
    • ·big; large; great
    N5
  • 絵え
    • ·picture; drawing; painting; sketch
    • ·image (TV, film, etc.); picture; footage
    N5
  • ところ
    • ·place; spot; scene; site
    • ·address
    • ·district; area; locality
    • ·one's house
    • ·point; aspect; side; facet
    • ·passage (in text); part
    • ·space; room
    • ·thing; matter
    • ·whereupon; as a result
    • ·about to; on the verge of
    • ·was just doing; was in the process of doing; have just done; just finished doing
    • ·approximately; around; about
    N5
  • 色いろ
    • ·colour; color; hue; tint; tinge; shade
    • ·complexion; skin colour; skin color
    • ·look (on one's face); expression
    • ·appearance; air; feeling
    • ·personality; character
    • ·tone (of one's voice, etc.); tune; sound; ring
    • ·love; lust; sensuality; love affair
    • ·lover; paramour
    • ·beauty; sexiness; physical appeal
    • ·kind; type; variety
    N5
  • 消えるきえるAs it appears here: 消えて
    • ·to disappear; to vanish; to go out of sight; to go away; to become lost
    • ·to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to turn off (e.g. of a TV screen)
    • ·to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope)
    • ·to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness); to disappear; to fade away (e.g. of footsteps)
    • ·to wear away (e.g. of an inscription); to rub out (of writing); to fade (e.g. of ink)
    • ·to be lost (e.g. of a tradition); to die out; to disappear
    N5
  • 夏なつ
    • ·summer
    N5
  • よく
    • ·nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully
    • ·frequently; often
    • ·I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
    • ·(you have) quite the nerve to; I don't know how you can ...
    N5
  • 見るみるAs it appears here: 見られる
    • ·to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe
    • ·to examine; to look over; to assess; to check; to judge
    • ·to look after; to attend to; to take care of; to keep an eye on
    • ·to experience; to meet with (misfortune, success, etc.)
    • ·to try ...; to have a go at ...; to give ... a try
    • ·to see (that) ...; to find (that) ...
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なって
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • なるAs it appears here: なり
    • ·to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
    • ·to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
    • ·to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of
    • ·to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished
    • ·to change (into); to turn (into); to transform
    • ·to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do)
    • ·to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make
    • ·to play (the part of); to act as
    • ·to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as
    • ·to be promoted
    • ·to do ...
    N5
  • 起きるおきる
    • ·to get up; to rise; to blaze up (fire)
    • ·to wake up; to be awake; to stay awake
    • ·to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen; to take place
    N5
  • また
    • ·again; once more; once again; another time; some other time
    • ·also; too; as well; likewise
    • ·on the other hand; while
    • ·and; in addition; besides; moreover; furthermore
    • ·or; otherwise
    • ·really; how; (what, why) on earth
    • ·some time (in the future)
    • ·indirect
    N5
  • 先さき
    • ·point; tip; end; nozzle
    • ·head (of a line); front
    • ·first; before; ahead (of)
    • ·(the way) ahead; beyond
    • ·future
    • ·previous; prior; former; recent; last
    • ·destination; address; place where you do something
    • ·rest (e.g. of a story); continuation; remaining part
    • ·the other party
    N5
  • 水みず
    • ·water (esp. cool or cold)
    • ·fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid
    • ·flood; floodwaters
    • ·water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
    • ·break granted to wrestlers engaged in a prolonged bout
    N5
  • 飛ぶとぶ
    • ·to fly; to soar
    • ·to jump; to leap; to spring; to bound; to hop
    • ·to spatter; to scatter; to splash; to fly (e.g. of sparks)
    • ·to hurry; to rush
    • ·to flee; to run off; to escape
    • ·to disappear; to vanish; to fade; to thin out
    • ·to break off; to come off; to fall off; to blow (of a fuse)
    • ·to be sent out (of an order); to fly (of false rumours, catcalls, etc.)
    • ·to come flying (of a punch, kick, etc.)
    • ·to be missing (of a page, stitch, etc.); to skip; to jump (e.g. of a conversation)
    N5
  • 小さいちいさい
    • ·small; little; tiny
    • ·slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); minor; small
    • ·low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
    • ·unimportant; petty; insignificant; trifling; trivial
    • ·young; juvenile
    N5
  • するAs it appears here: される
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 違うちがうAs it appears here: 違って
    • ·to differ (from); to be different; to be distinct; to be unlike; to vary; to disagree (with)
    • ·to be wrong; to be incorrect; to be mistaken
    • ·to become abnormal; to go wrong
    • ·isn't it?; wasn't it?
    N5
  • 漢字かんじ
    • ·kanji; Chinese character
    N5
  • できるAs it appears here: できて
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • それ
    • ·that; it
    • ·then; that point (in time); that time
    • ·there
    • ·you
    N5
  • その
    • ·that; the
    • ·part (as in "part two")
    • ·um ...; er ...; uh ...
    N5
  • 作るつくるAs it appears here: 作った
    • ·to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct
    • ·to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol)
    • ·to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train
    • ·to till
    • ·to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write
    • ·to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose
    • ·to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found
    • ·to have (a child)
    • ·to make up (one's face, etc.)
    • ·to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
    • ·to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion
    • ·to form (a line, etc.)
    • ·to set (a record)
    • ·to commit (a sin, etc.)
    N5
  • いう
    • ·to say; to utter; to declare
    • ·to name; to call
    • ·to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
    N5
  • できる
    • ·to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)
    • ·to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable
    • ·to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.)
    • ·to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up
    • ·to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready
    • ·to grow (of a crop); to be produced
    • ·to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character
    • ·to be by nature; to be born ...
    • ·to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone)
    • ·to get pregnant
    N5
  • 見るみるAs it appears here: 見て
    • ·to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe
    • ·to examine; to look over; to assess; to check; to judge
    • ·to look after; to attend to; to take care of; to keep an eye on
    • ·to experience; to meet with (misfortune, success, etc.)
    • ·to try ...; to have a go at ...; to give ... a try
    • ·to see (that) ...; to find (that) ...
    N5
  • する
    • ·to do; to carry out; to perform
    • ·to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
    • ·to serve as; to act as; to work as
    • ·to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
    • ·to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as
    • ·to decide on; to choose
    • ·to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.)
    • ·to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
    • ·to be worth; to cost
    • ·to pass (of time); to elapse
    • ·to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B
    • ·to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B
    • ·to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B
    • ·to feel A about B
    • ·verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
    • ·creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
    • ·to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to
    N5
  • 私わたし
    • ·I; me
    N5
  • 動物どうぶつ
    • ·animal
    N5
  • 名前なまえ
    • ·name
    • ·given name; first name
    N5
  • 男おとこ
    • ·man; male
    • ·fellow; guy; chap; bloke
    • ·male lover; boyfriend; man
    • ·manliness; manly honor; manly honour; manly reputation
    N5
  • 美しいうつくしい
    • ·beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
    N4
  • 光ひかり
    • ·light
    • ·illumination; ray; beam; gleam; glow
    • ·happiness; hope
    • ·influence; power
    • ·vision; eyesight
    • ·optical fiber; optical fibre
    N4
  • 細かいこまかいAs it appears here: 細かく
    • ·small
    • ·fine; minute
    • ·minor; trivial
    • ·sensitive; attentive
    • ·careful; frugal; stingy
    N4
  • 見えるみえる
    • ·to be seen; to be visible; to be in sight
    • ·to look; to seem; to appear
    • ·to come
    N4
  • 時代じだい
    • ·period; epoch; era; age
    • ·the times; those days
    • ·oldness; ancientness; antiquity
    • ·antique; period piece
    N4
  • 虫むし
    • ·insect; bug; cricket; moth
    • ·worm; roundworm
    • ·thing inside one's body believed to influence one's thoughts and feelings; (one's) unconscious
    • ·nervousness; fretfulness
    • ·person devoted to one thing; single-minded person
    • ·valve core
    • ·mushi (type of game played with a stripped deck)
    N4
  • 字じ
    • ·character (esp. kanji); letter; written text
    • ·handwriting; penmanship
    • ·the ... word (e.g. "the L word" = "love")
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考えられて
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 考えるかんがえるAs it appears here: 考えられた
    • ·to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
    • ·to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
    • ·to think (that); to believe; to hold (a view); to judge; to conclude; to suspect
    • ·to intend (to do); to think of (doing); to plan
    • ·to predict; to anticipate; to expect; to imagine
    • ·to come up with; to think up; to contrive; to devise
    • ·to consider (as); to regard (as); to look on (as); to take; to view
    N4
  • 力ちから
    • ·force; strength; might; vigour; vigor; energy
    • ·capability; ability; proficiency; capacity; faculty
    • ·efficacy; effect
    • ·effort; endeavours; endeavors; exertions
    • ·power; authority; influence; good offices; agency
    • ·support; help; aid; assistance
    • ·stress; emphasis
    • ·means; resources
    N4
  • 虹にじ
    • ·rainbow
    N2
  • 俳句はいく
    • ·haiku; (expl.) 17-mora poem, usu. in 3 lines of 5, 7 and 5 morae
    N2
  • 水滴すいてき
    • ·drop of water
    • ·vessel for replenishing inkstone water
    N2
  • 複数ふくすう
    • ·plural; multiple
    • ·plural (number)
    N2
  • 上がるあがるAs it appears here: 上がった
    • ·to rise; to go up; to come up; to ascend; to be raised
    • ·to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to go in
    • ·to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade
    • ·to get out (of water); to come ashore; to be washed ashore
    • ·to float atop the water; to surface from the sea (e.g. of a corpse); to rise to the surface
    • ·to increase; to be raised (e.g. of a salary); to rise
    • ·to improve; to make progress
    • ·to be promoted; to advance
    • ·to be made (of profit, etc.)
    • ·to occur (esp. of a favourable result)
    • ·to be adequate (to cover expenses, etc.)
    • ·to be finished; to be done; to be over
    • ·to stop (of rain); to clear up (of weather)
    • ·to stop (working properly); to cut out; to give out; to die
    • ·to win (in a card game, etc.)
    • ·to be spoken loudly; to be raised loudly (of a voice)
    • ·to get nervous; to get stage fright
    • ·to be offered (to the gods, etc.)
    • ·to go; to visit
    • ·to eat; to drink
    • ·to serve (in one's master's home)
    • ·to enter a red light district; to amuse oneself in a red light district; to visit a brothel
    • ·to arise vigorously (e.g. of voices in excitement); to become excited; to be in uproar (e.g. of a crowd)
    • ·to be complete; to finish
    • ·adds the connotation of an action happening strongly or violently
    • ·above; north of
    N1
  • すぐ
    • ·immediately; at once; right away; directly
    • ·soon; before long; shortly
    • ·easily; readily; without difficulty
    • ·right (near); nearby; just (handy)
    • ·honest; upright; frank; straightforward
    N1
  • 古代こだい
    • ·ancient times; distant past; antiquity
    N1
Grammar5 patterns

Example sentences are translated by AI.

  • ことがあるN3

    After a plain verb, 'there are times when...'; after a past-tense verb (〜たことがある), 'have (ever) done, have the experience of'.

    雨が上がったあとの空に虹がかかることがある。

    After the rain stops, a rainbow sometimes appears in the sky.

  • 的（てき）N3

    A suffix turning a noun into a na-adjective meaning "relating to / -like / -ical" (一般的, 科学的).

    虹が魅力的に感じられるのは、空に描かれたとても大きな絵のようなところと、美しい色のハーモニー、そして、すぐ消えてしまうところだ。

    What makes a rainbow so appealing is that it looks like an enormous picture painted across the sky, with a beautiful harmony of colors, and that it quickly disappears.

  • ことからN3

    Introduces the fact or evidence from which a conclusion, name, or judgment follows — 'because of the fact that / which is why.'

    夏によく見られることから、俳句では夏の季語になっている。

    Because rainbows are often seen in summer, they are used as a summer seasonal word in haiku.

  • というN32 times in this passage

    Quotative marker plus 'say' that introduces a name, definition, or reported content — 'called', 'known as', 'that (one) says'.

    「虹」という漢字は「虫」と「工」からできているが、それは、その字を作った中国で、虹が蛇や奄だと考えられていたからだそうだ。

    The kanji 「虹」 is made up of 「虫」 and 「工」; this is apparently because in China, where the character was created, a rainbow was thought to be a snake or 奄.

  • というのはN3

    Introduces an explanation or definition of the topic just named — 'the thing called…' / 'what … means is'.

    空にかかる虹が竜と考えられたというのは理解できるが、虹を見て雄の竜を想像する力は私にはない。

    I can understand why a rainbow stretching across the sky was thought of as a dragon, but I do not have the imagination to picture a male dragon when I see a rainbow.

Other levels9 patterns
  • とされるN1

    States that something is generally considered or held to be the case — 'is regarded as…', 'is said to be…'.

    虹の色の数は日本では7色とされるが、古代では5色だったそうだ。

    In Japan, a rainbow is considered to have seven colors, but in ancient times it was apparently thought to have five.

  • ように / ようなN4

    Likens or exemplifies one thing by another, "like / as / similar to (a)".

    虹が魅力的に感じられるのは、空に描かれたとても大きな絵のようなところと、美しい色のハーモニー、そして、すぐ消えてしまうところだ。

    What makes a rainbow so appealing is that it looks like an enormous picture painted across the sky, with a beautiful harmony of colors, and that it quickly disappears.

  • 〜てしまう / 〜ちゃうN4

    Verb te-form plus しまう, marking an action as fully completed or done regrettably/by accident — 'end up ...ing' / 'finish ...ing'; ちゃう/じゃう is the casual contraction.

    虹が魅力的に感じられるのは、空に描かれたとても大きな絵のようなところと、美しい色のハーモニー、そして、すぐ消えてしまうところだ。

    What makes a rainbow so appealing is that it looks like an enormous picture painted across the sky, with a beautiful harmony of colors, and that it quickly disappears.

  • ようだN4

    Expresses conjecture or resemblance drawn from evidence, "it seems / looks like".

    __________、沖縄では2色であり、地域や時代で色の数は違っているようである。

    __________, in Okinawa there are two colors, and it seems that the number of colors varies depending on the region and period.

  • 〜ていたN4

    The past progressive/continuous — an action that was ongoing or a state that held in the past — 'was (do)ing'.

    「虹」という漢字は「虫」と「工」からできているが、それは、その字を作った中国で、虹が蛇や奄だと考えられていたからだそうだ。

    The kanji 「虹」 is made up of 「虫」 and 「工」; this is apparently because in China, where the character was created, a rainbow was thought to be a snake or 奄.

  • そうだN4

    Reports information the speaker heard from another source, attached to a plain form — "I hear that…, they say…, apparently."

    「虹」という漢字は「虫」と「工」からできているが、それは、その字を作った中国で、虹が蛇や奄だと考えられていたからだそうだ。

    The kanji 「虹」 is made up of 「虫」 and 「工」; this is apparently because in China, where the character was created, a rainbow was thought to be a snake or 奄.

  • とてもN5

    Degree adverb intensifying an adjective or adverb — "very / extremely."

    虹が魅力的に感じられるのは、空に描かれたとても大きな絵のようなところと、美しい色のハーモニー、そして、すぐ消えてしまうところだ。

    What makes a rainbow so appealing is that it looks like an enormous picture painted across the sky, with a beautiful harmony of colors, and that it quickly disappears.

  • そしてN5

    Additive/sequential conjunction joining clauses, 'and / and then'.

    虹が魅力的に感じられるのは、空に描かれたとても大きな絵のようなところと、美しい色のハーモニー、そして、すぐ消えてしまうところだ。

    What makes a rainbow so appealing is that it looks like an enormous picture painted across the sky, with a beautiful harmony of colors, and that it quickly disappears.

  • 〜ているN53 times in this passage

    Describes an action in progress or the state that remains after an action happened — “is doing” or “is in the state of having done”.

    夏によく見られることから、俳句では夏の季語になっている。

    Because rainbows are often seen in summer, they are used as a summer seasonal word in haiku.

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